OAB-14 alleviates mitochondrial impairment through the SIRT3-dependent mechanism in APP/PS1 transgenic mice and N2a/APP cells.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive degenerative disease that affects a growing number of elderly individuals worldwide. OAB-14, a novel chemical compound developed by our research group, has been approved by the China Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for clinical trials in patients with AD (approval no. YD-OAB-220210).

Weakly supervised deep learning-based classification for histopathology of gliomas: a single center experience.

Multiple artificial intelligence systems have been created to facilitate accurate and prompt histopathological diagnosis of tumors using hematoxylin-eosin-stained slides. We aimed to investigate whether weakly supervised deep learning can aid in glioma diagnosis. We analyzed 472 whole slide images (WSIs) from 226 patients in West China Hospital (WCH) and 1604 WSIs from 880 patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Sulfonated Azocalix[4]arene: A Universal and Effective Taste-Masking Agent.

Many active pharmaceutical ingredients have a specific bitter taste. To enhance patient compliance and treatment efficacy, taste-masking agents are crucial in oral drug formulations. Confronting numerous bitter drug molecules with varied structures, the pharmaceutical field strives to explore and develop universal and effective masking approaches.

F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging of pediatric neuroblastoma: a multi-omics parameters method to predict MYCN copy number category.

Background: The MYCN copy number category is closely related to the prognosis of neuroblastoma (NB). Therefore, this study aimed to assess the predictive ability of F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) radiomic features for MYCN copy number in NB.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 104 pediatric patients with NB that had been confirmed by pathology.

Expanding the Hydrophobic Cavity Surface of Azocalix[4]arene to Enable Biotin/Avidin Affinity with Controlled Release.

The development of artificial receptors that combine ultrahigh-affinity binding and controllable release for active guests holds significant importance in biomedical applications. On one hand, a complex with an exceedingly high binding affinity can resist unwanted dissociation induced by dilution effect and complex interferents within physiological environments. On the other hand, stimulus-responsive release of the guest is essential for precisely activating its function.

Construction and screening of spin-crossover-sponge materials based on iron(II)-triazole coordination polymers.

Iron(II)-triazole coordination polymers have attracted considerable interest for their synthetic versatility, which allows tuning their spin-crossover (SCO) properties. Embedding SCO solid particles in sponge matrices is a simple, powerful, and generic approach to construct processable SCO materials. Here, we have studied a series of magnetic frameworks based on partial ligand substitution by using different chemical mixtures of two organic ligands, yielding four isostructural coordination polymers.

Porous Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate as a Low-Cost Nano-Platform for Ultra-High CO Capture and Storage.

CO capture and storage have been regarded as promising concepts to reduce anthropogenic CO emissions. However, the high cost, inferior adsorption capacity, and higher effective activation temperature of traditional sorbents limit their practical application in efficient CO capture. Here, a C-S-H@ZIF-8 (C-S-Z) sorbent is fabricated by in situ growth of the ZIF-8 shell on the C-S-H (calcium-silicate-hydrate) surface for ultra-high CO adsorption and storage.

Predicting MYCN amplification in paediatric neuroblastoma: development and validation of a 18F-FDG PET/CT-based radiomics signature.

Objectives: To develop and validate an 18F-FDG PET/CT-based clinical-radiological-radiomics nomogram and evaluate its value in the diagnosis of MYCN amplification (MNA) in paediatric neuroblastoma (NB) patients.

Methods: A total of 104 patients with NB were retrospectively included. We constructed a nomogram to predict MNA based on radiomics signatures, clinical and radiological features.

Dynamic Aggregation Triggering Reversible Spin-State Switching.

The manipulation of spin-state switching (SSS) under ambient conditions is of significant importance for the construction of molecular switches. Herein, we demonstrate that reversible SSS can be mediated by the aggregation state of a near-infrared (NIR)-sensitive ferrous complex. The ferrous complex was J-aggregated in a DMF suspension and with a low-spin (LS) state; however, with the addition of water, it changed to H-aggregation and reached a high-spin (HS) state, owing to the enhanced intramolecular charge transfer and metal-to-ligand charge transfer.

Intronic microRNA-directed regulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species enhances plant stress tolerance in Arabidopsis.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating plant development and stress responses. However, the functions and mechanism of intronic miRNAs in plants are poorly understood. This study reports a stress-responsive RNA splicing mechanism for intronic miR400 production, whereby miR400 modulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and improves plant tolerance by downregulating its target expression.

Stereotactic neurosurgery as a symptomatic treatment for autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review.

Stereotactic neurosurgery has been employed in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, its safety and effectiveness remain unclear owing to limited sample size and other methodological limitations. We aimed to systematically investigate the safety and efficacy of stereotactic neurosurgery for ASD.

Effects of elevated atmospheric CO concentration on nonstructural carbohydrates and grain quality of maize.

We used open-top chambers (OTCs) to simulate the conditions of elevated atmospheric CO concentration at the Changwu State Key Agro-Ecological Experimental Station of the Loess Plateau. There were three treatments, CK (maize grown under field conditions with natural atmospheric CO concentration), OTC (maize grown in the open-top chamber under natural atmospheric CO concentration), and OTC (maize grown in the open-top chamber under elevated atmospheric CO concentration of 700 μmol·mol).We explored the responses of non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) and grain quality (soluble sugar, starch and crude protein) of spring maize to elevated CO at different growth stages, aiming to provide scientific basis for revealing the adaptation mechanism of maize to elevated CO.

F-FDG PET/CT imaging of pediatric peripheral neuroblastic tumor: a combined model to predict the International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a model combining a 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT)-based radiomics signature with clinical factors in the preoperative prediction of the International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification (INPC) type of pediatric peripheral neuroblastic tumor (pNT).

Methods: A total of 106 consecutive pediatric pNT patients confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed. Significant features determined by multivariate logistic regression were retained to establish a clinical model (C-model), which included clinical parameters and PET/CT radiographic features.

Chronic exposure to indoor air pollutants in association with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in Chinese schoolchildren: A cross-sectional study.

Background: While increasing studies confirmed the adverse effects of indoor air pollution (IAP) on cardiopulmonary systems, less is known about the impact of IAP on child's brain.

Objective: To explore the associations between multiple indoor air pollutants exposures and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in Chinese schoolchildren.

Methods: We invited 8630 individuals aged 6-12 years from an ongoing school-based cohort study across Guangzhou from April to May 2019.

Silencing of UCA1 attenuates the ox-LDL-induced injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cells via miR-873-5p/MAPK8 axis.

LncRNA UCA1 plays a vital role in cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial cell dysfunction is a prerequisite for atherosclerosis (AS) development. However, the pathophysiological role of UCA1 in endothelial cell dysfunction induced by ox-LDL remains obscure.

Development and Validation of a Nomogram-Based Prognostic Model to Predict High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents-Findings From 342,736 Individuals in China.

Objectives: Predicting the potential risk factors of high blood pressure (HBP) among children and adolescents is still a knowledge gap. Our study aimed to establish and validate a nomogram-based model for identifying youths at risk of developing HBP.

Methods: HBP was defined as systolic blood pressure or diastolic blood pressure above the 95th percentile, using age, gender, and height-specific cut-off points.

The prognostic value of F-FDG PET/CT intra-tumoural metabolic heterogeneity in pretreatment neuroblastoma patients.

Background: Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common tumour in children younger than 5 years old and notable for highly heterogeneous. Our aim was to quantify the intra-tumoural metabolic heterogeneity of primary tumour lesions by using F-FDG PET/CT and evaluate the prognostic value of intra-tumoural metabolic heterogeneity in NB patients.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 38 pretreatment NB patients in our study.

Ruthenium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrogenation of 9-Phenanthrols.

The enantioselective hydrogenation of arenols to corresponding chiral cyclic alcohols remains a challenge because of their aromaticity and the difficulty in controlling the regio-, chemo-, and stereoselectivity. In this work, the first highly efficient ruthenium-catalyzed enantioselective hydrogenation of 9-phenanthrols has been successfully realized under mild conditions via trapping the unstable keto tautomers. The method provides a facile access to a range of chiral 9,10-dihydrophenanthren-9-ols with up to 98 % yield and >99 % ee.

Exposure to road traffic noise and behavioral problems in Chinese schoolchildren: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Transportation noise is second only to air pollution as an environmental contributor to adverse health outcomes in Western countries. However, no studies investigated the association between road traffic noise and behavioral problems among schoolchildren in China.

Objective: To investigate the association between exposure to road traffic noise at home and behavioral problems in Chinese schoolchildren.

Prevalence of Visual Impairment Among Students Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Findings From 1,057,061 Individuals in Guangzhou, Southern China.

Background: Visual impairment (VI) is a growing public health concern among students as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: This study investigated the change in VI before and during the pandemic among students.

Methods: Data on 547,864 and 497,371 students were obtained from the Guangzhou Survey on Students' Constitution and Health (GSSCH) collected in October 2019 and October 2020, respectively.

Association of β-cell function and insulin resistance with pediatric type 2 diabetes among Chinese children.

Background: In addition to insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion has recently been identified as a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Scarce clinical data exist for pediatric T2DM.

Aim: To investigate the association of β-cell function and insulin resistance with pediatric T2DM in the first Chinese multicenter study.

Role of psychotherapy strategy for the management of patients with Tourette syndrome - A Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by high comorbidity. Treatment with psychotherapy is highly recommended, however, there exists limited available evidence on the use and the optimal psychotherapeutic outcome is debatable. We performed a systematic search on several bibliographic databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting the use of psychotherapy treatment in TS patients, from inception to August 1st, 2020, and without language restrictions.