Ginsenosides From Panax ginseng Improves Hepatic Lipid Metabolism Disorders in HFD-Fed Rats by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Cholesterol Metabolism Signaling Pathways.

A high-fat diet (HFD) is often associated with hepatic lipid metabolism disorders, leading to dysfunction in multiple body systems. Ginsenosides derived from Panax ginseng have been reported to possess potential effects in ameliorating lipid metabolism disorders; however, their underlying mechanisms remain insufficiently explored. This study aims to investigate the bioactivities of ginsenosides in combating lipid metabolism disorders and obesity, with a focus on their mechanisms involving the cholesterol metabolism signaling pathway and gut microbiota.

Ginsenoside Rb1, Compound K and 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol Attenuate High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats via Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid Metabolism.

Hyperlipidemia, characterized by elevated serum lipid concentrations resulting from lipid metabolism dysfunction, represents a prevalent global health concern. Ginsenoside Rb1, compound K (CK), and 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD), bioactive constituents derived from Panax ginseng, have shown promise in mitigating lipid metabolism disorders. However, the comparative efficacy and underlying mechanisms of these compounds in hyperlipidemia prevention remain inadequately explored.

Improving the ability of CAR-T cells to hit solid tumors: Challenges and strategies.

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy is a late-model of immune cell therapy that has been shown to be effective in refractory/recurrent B-cell leukemia and lymphoma. Compared with the traditional anti-tumor methods, CAR-T cell therapy has the advantages of higher specificity, stronger lethality and longer-lasting efficacy. Although CAR-T cells have made significant progress in the treatment of hematologic malignancies, diverse difficulties remain in the treatment of solid tumors, including immune escape due to tumor antigen heterogeneity, preventing entry or limiting the persistence of CAR-T cells by physical or cytokine barriers and along with other immunosuppressive molecule and cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME).

The protective effects of chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia pretreatment against collagen-induced arthritis in rats.

Objective: To explore the immunological mechanisms underlying the effect of chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIHH) pretreatment on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rat.

Methods: Fifty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the experiment. Arthritis in CIA rats (n=18) was induced by injection of collagen.

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 promotes the proliferation and inhibits the apoptosis of pulmonary fibroblasts by Ca(2+) signaling.

Aim: Our previous investigation demonstrated that plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) siRNA ameliorated bleomycin (BLM)-induced rat lung fibrosis. The present study was undertaken to explore the effect and the mechanism of PAI-1 siRNA and plasmid pcDNA on the proliferation and apoptosis of cultured fibroblasts from BLM-induced fibrotic lung tissues.

Materials And Methods: The fibroblasts from BLM-induced fibrotic lung tissue were isolated and transfected using PAI-1 siRNA and plasmid pcDNA-PAI-1.

[Anti-tumor effect of cisplatin combined with DC vaccine on tumor-bearing mice].

Objective: To explore the anti-tumor mechanism of the combination of cisplatin with DC vaccine in tumor-bearing mice.

Methods: B16 melanoma cells were treated with cisplatin at the final concentration of 20 µg/ml in vitro for 24 h. The expression of HMGB1, Hsp70 and TGF-β were detected by Western blot.

siRNA against plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 ameliorates bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in rats.

Aim: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is involved in the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. The present study was undertaken to examine the effects on pulmonary fibrosis of silencing PAI-1 expression with small interfering RNA (siRNA) and to assess the possible underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were subjected to intratracheal injection of bleomycin (BLM, 5 mg/kg, 0.

A preliminary study on the activation and antigen presentation of hepatitis B virus core protein virus-like particle-pulsed bone marrow-derived dendritic cells.

Hepatitis B virus core protein virus-like particles (HBc-VLPs) act as a strong immunogen and are suitable for uptake by dendritic cells (DCs), in which they directly promote DC maturation and migration. To illustrate the utility of global proteomic analysis techniques in elucidating the molecular events that are altered in HBc-VLP-pulsed bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) and to gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of capture and processing of HBc-VLP-pulsed BMDCs, an antigen (Ag) delivery system based on HBc-VLP-pulsed BMDCs was developed. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analyses were utilized to analyze the differential protein expression patterns between HBc-VLP-pulsed and untreated BMDCs.

[Immunoadjuvant effect of Hsp70L1 in tumor vaccine].

Aim: To explore the immune enhancement of Hsp70L1 in the tumor cell vaccines.

Methods: TRP2(153-243) and Hsp70L1 genes were obtained by RT-PCR from B16 cells in murine melanoma and from spleens of C57BL/6 mice and then were inserted into pcDNA3.1/V5-His eukaryotic expression vectors respectively.

Molecular mechanism of cell apoptosis by paclitaxel and pirarubicin in a human osteosarcoma cell line.

Background: Paclitaxel and pirarubicin exhibit cytotoxic and antitumor activities. However, little is known about the apoptosis-inducing effects of paclitaxel and pirarubicin on human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells.

Methods: The effects of paclitaxel and pirarubicin on cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were studied in MG-63 cells using flow cytometry.

[Immunostimulatory and antitumor effect of Flt3L and CCL5 on DNA vaccine in DNA prime/protein boost strategy].

Aim: To investigate the immune enhancment and antitumor effect of the recombinant plasmids pFlt3L and pCCL5 in DNA prime/protein boost regimens.

Methods: The mice were coimmunized with HBcAg DNA vaccine and the two cytokines DNA constructs by intramuscular injection for three times at an interval of 2 weeks. Then the mice were boosted with HBc particle proteins or DNA vaccines, respectively.

[Establishment of B16-HLA-MAGE-3 melanoma cell line coexpressing HLA-A 0201/K(b) and MAGE-3 and its role in tumor vaccine evaluation].

Aim: To establish a tumor model in HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice to examine the efficacy of MAGE-3 vaccine, a cell line coexpressing HLA-A 0201/K(b) and MAGE-3 is established.

Methods: B16-HLA-MAGE-3 melanoma was obtained by means of cotransfection of HLA-A 0201/K(b) and MAGE-3 to B16 melanoma.

Augmented humoral and cellular immune responses induced by canine adenovirus type 1 DNA vaccine in BALB/c mice.

Infectious canine hepatitis (ICH) is caused by canine adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1), which severely harms infected animals. Vaccination provides an effective approach to preventing canine infectious diseases. With the objective of exploring a new vaccination strategy that may prevent or cure ICH, we constructed a DNA vaccine, pVAX1-CpG-Loop, and evaluated its immune efficacy.

Comparative proteomics analysis to annexin B1 DNA and protein vaccination in mice.

DNA vaccines have been widely reported to elicit both effective humoral and cellular immune responses, but the mechanisms of antigen processing and presentation in DNA immunization is still ambiguous. Aiming to molecular mechanisms involved in DNA immunization, comparative serum proteomics was introduced to discover differentially expressed proteins after different immunizations. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, 23 three-fold or greater up-regulated proteins were separated and identified, including 14 from ANXB1 DNA immunized mice and 9 from annexin B1 protein immunized mice.

[Anti-tumor effect of monkshood polysaccharide with adriamycin long circulating temperature-sensitive liposome and its mechanism].

Aim: To observe the synergic action of monkshood polysaccharide (MPS) and adriamycin (ADM) long circulating temperature-sensitive liposome (ALTSL) in targeting therapy for H22 tumor-bearing mice and explore the mechanism.

Methods: The anti-tumor activity was evaluated by using the tumor's weight as an index. The life prolongation rate of mice was calculated according to the survival time of the tumor-bearing mice.

[Preparation of monoclonal antibody against human c-erbB2 and identification of its specificity].

Aim: To prepare monoclonal antibody(mAb) against human c-erbB2 and identify its specificity.

Methods: The epitope of human c-erbB2 antigen was analyzed by using computer software and a immunodominant epitope at the carboxyl-terminal was selected. A peptide consisting of 13 amino acids was synthesized and coupled with keyholelimpet hemocyanin (KLH), and then it was used to immunize BLAB/c mice.

[Synergistic role between rhIL-2 and adriamycin long circulating temperature-sensitive liposome in targeting therapy on tumor].

Aim: To observe the synergistic role between rhIL-2 and adriamycin long circulating temperature-sensitive liposome (ALTSL) in targeting therapy of H22 tumor-bearing mice and explore their anti-tumor mechanism.

Methods: The antitumor activity was evaluated by using the tumor's weight as an index. The prolongation rate of mouse life was calculated according to the survival time of the tumor-bearing mice.

Genome sequence comparative analysis of long arm and short arm of human X chromosome.

30% of the genes tested on Xp escaped inactivation, whereas less than 3% of the genes on Xq escaped inactivation. To investigate the molecular mechanism involved in the propagation and maintenance of X chromosome inactivation and escape, the long arm and short arm of the X chromosome were compared for RNA binding density. Nucleotide sequences on the X chromosome were divided into 50 kb per segment that was recorded as a set of frequency values of 7-nucleotide (7 nt) strings using all possible 7 nt strings (4(7) = 16 384).

[RNA responsible for conferring a DNase I sensitive structure on albumin gene in assembled chromatin].

Although the set of genes is virtually the same in all tissues,differential gene expression is appeared in cells of different kinds. Differentiation and ageing are associated with regulation of gene expression that is a fundamental mechanism in eukaryotic development and survival. The sensitivity to DNase I of actively transcribed genes seems to be a general phenomenon.

[The effects of two TCM prescriptions, Tonifying Kidney and Strengthening Vital Energy, on NF-kappaB activing in aged mouse T cells].

Aim: The aim of the present study was to explore the immunologic mechanism of delaying senescence by Strengthening Vital Energy(SVE), Tonifying Kidney (TK) and combined TK and SVE.

Methods: Mice of 20 months were used as senescence model. The effects of the prescriptions on anti-CD3 antibody-induced NF-kappaB activity and the expression of NF-kappaB in T cells from aged mice were analyzed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and Western blot, respectively.

[Cooperative effect of rhIL-2 and adriamycin-magnetic albumin microsphere targeting therapy on tumor].

Aim: To observe the synergistic inhibitory effects of rhIL-2 and adriamycin magnetic albumin microsphere(ADM-MAM) targeting therapy on tumor and to explore their antitumor mechanism.

Methods: The antitumor activity was observed using the tumor weight as index. The killer activity of natural killer (NK) cells and the lymphocyte transformation were examined by the LDH release assay and MTT colorimetry, respectively.