Ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents extraction of glabridin and isoliquiritigenin from Glycyrrhiza glabra: Optimization, extraction mechanism and in vitro bioactivities.

Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) is extensively used owing to the superior pharmacological effects. However, its maximum application potential has not been fully exploited due to the limitation of currently available extraction solvent and methods. In this study, an eco-friendly deep eutectic solvent (NADESs) based ultrasound-assisted extraction (DES-UAE) method was applied to prepare licorice extracts.

A Series of Efficient Umbrella Modeling Strategies to Track Irradiation-Mutation Strains Improving Butyric Acid Production From the Pre-development Earlier Stage Point of View.

() is a fermentation strain used to produce butyric acid. A promising new biofuel, n-butanol, can be produced by catalysis of butyrate, which can be obtained through microbial fermentation. Butyric acid has various uses in food additives and flavor agents, antiseptic substances, drug formulations, and fragrances.

Exploration of pathological prediction of chronic kidney diseases by a novel theory of bi-directional probability.

In the clinic, the pathological types of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) are considered references for choosing treatment protocols. From a statistical viewpoint, a non-invasive method to predict pathological types of CKD is a focus of our work. In the current study, following a frequency analysis of the clinical indices of 588 CKD patients in the department of nephrology, a third-grade class-A hospital, a novel theory is proposed: "bi-directional cumulative probability dichotomy".

HDL and ApoA-I inhibit antigen presentation-mediated T cell activation by disrupting lipid rafts in antigen presenting cells.

Objective: Depletion of cholesterol by methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MCD) on peptide-loaded antigen presenting cells (APCs) inhibits antigen presentation and T cell activation. However, whether membrane cholesterol efflux induced by high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) also results in inhibition of antigen presentation and T cell activation is still unknown.

Methods And Results: Various types of APCs, including B cells, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), were first loaded with antigen, then incubated with HDL and apoA-I to decrease cellular membrane cholesterol content.

Increased soluble OX40L is associated with carotid intima-media thickness.

Background: Recent studies indicated that soluble OX40 ligand (OX40L) levels were increased in acute coronary syndrome. But the association between sOX40L and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) has not been evaluated.

Methods: We measured plasma soluble OX40L (sOX40L) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in 35 patients with stable angina pectoris, 30 patients with risk factors of coronary artery disease, and 20 age and sex-matched controls.

Serum adipocyte fatty acid binding proteins and adiponectin in patients with coronary artery disease: the significance of A-FABP/adiponectin ratio.

Background: Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) and adiponectin have been shown to play important roles in atherosclerosis. We investigated serum A-FABP, adiponectin and A-FABP/adiponectin ratio in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: A total of 340 subjects who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) were classified into CAD group (n=211) and non-CAD group (n=129) according to the CAG.