Low-voltage-driven smart glass based on micro-patterned liquid crystal Fresnel lenses.

We disclose a method of fabricating a low-voltage-driven smart glass based on micro-patterned liquid crystal (LC) Fresnel lenses and implement three proof-of-concept prototypes. Distinct from the conventional LC-based smart windows with the scattering state, the prominence of our proposed LC smart glass in blurry state under both normal and oblique observations stems from the image distortion caused by LC Fresnel lenses. In addition, the high transmittance (>90%) in clear state is obtained by applying a low voltage of 2 V to each prototype.

Growth-inhibitory and chemosensitizing effects of microRNA-31 in human glioblastoma multiforme cells.

The constitutive activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) contributes to resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The aim of this study was to explore the biological role of microRNA-31 (miR-31) in GBM, particularly its role in the regulation of TMZ chemosensitivity. For this purpose, the human GBM cell lines, U251 and U87, were transfected with a miR-31 precursor (pre-miR-31), and cell proliferation, apoptosis and STAT3 phosphorylation were then assessed.