Synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfonamide derivatives containing imidazole moiety as ALK5 inhibitors.

Four series of sulfonamide derivatives (13a-b, 14a-d, 15a-b, and 16a-d) were synthesized and evaluated for their activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5) inhibitory activities. Of these, compounds 13b (IC = 0.130 μM) and 15a (IC = 0.

Comparative study on the toxicity of pyrethroids, α-cypermethrin and deltamethrin to Ceriodaphnia dubia.

Two synthetic pyrethroid pesticides, α-cypermethrin and deltamethrin were investigated as potential toxic contaminants. The acute and chronic bioassays were conducted using Ceriodaphnia dubia. The toxicity of α-cypermethrin and deltamethrin to C.

RETARDED PALEA1 controls palea development and floral zygomorphy in rice.

Poaceae, one of the largest flowering plant families in angiosperms, evolved distinct inflorescence and flower morphology diverging from eudicots and other monocots. However, the mechanism underlying the specification of flower morphology in grasses remains unclear. Here we show that floral zygomorphy along the lemma-palea axis in rice (Oryza sativa) is partially or indirectly determined by the CYCLOIDEA (CYC)-like homolog RETARDED PALEA1 (REP1), which regulates palea identity and development.

[Genetic analysis and mapping of the rice leafy-hull mutant Oslh].

Oslh (lh=leafy hull), in the japonica cultivar 9522 background, a mutant of Oryza sativa L. spp. japonica cv.