Expansion and activation of granulocytic, myeloid-derived suppressor cells in childhood precursor B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Precursor B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a B cell-derived, malignant disorder with the highest incidence among children. In addition to the genetic abnormality, a dysregulated immune system also has an important role in the pathogenesis of B-ALL. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) represent one of the key drivers in immune tolerance against tumor cells, including various solid tumors and hematologic malignancies.

[Variations on hemagglutinin gene of Zhejiang measles virus strains and differences with measles strains circulated both at home and abroad].

Objective: To investigate the variations on hemagglutinin (H) gene of measles virus (MV) in Zhejiang province, and to analyze the differences with strains circulated both at home and abroad.

Methods: In total, 33 MV strains isolated in Zhejiang province between 1999 and 2011 were collected.RNA of the isolated MV strains was extracted and the complete sequences on H gene were amplified using RT-PCR assay.

[Study on the genome sequence of measles viruses circulated in Zhejiang province during 1999 to 2011].

Objective: To study the genetic variations between measles vaccine strain S191 and strains that circulated in Zhejiang province causing the epidemics during 1999 to 2011.

Methods: Complete sequence of the nine Zhejiang measles strains were amplified by RT-PCR assay. Products were sequenced and the obtained sequences were aligned and analyzed with vaccine strains S191 and the major epidemic strains isolated in foreign countries.

[Comparative analysis on the complete genome sequence of mumps epidemic strain and mumps vaccine strain S79 isolated in Zhejiang province, China between year 2005 and 2010].

Objective: To compare the differences in the complete genome sequence between mumps epidemic strain and mumps vaccine strain S79 isolated in Zhejiang province.

Methods: A total of 4 mumps epidemic strains, which were separated from Zhejiang province during 2005 to 2010, named as ZJ05-1, ZJ06-3, ZJ08-1 and ZJ10-1 were selected in the study. The complete genome sequences were amplified using RT-PCR.

[Molecular epidemiological study on rubella virus strains isolated in Zhejiang province, China, 2005-2010].

Objective: To analyze the molecular epidemiological characteristic of rubella virus strains isolated in Zhejiang province from 2005 to 2010, to provide basic data for rubella prevention and control.

Methods: Rubella virus strains were isolated on Vero cells from the suspected patients' specimens collected in Zhejiang province during 2005 to 2010. Partial fragments of the structural gene of Zhejiang rubella strains were amplified, using nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

[Traceability of the A/H3N2 virus borne influenza pandemic in Zhejiang province, 1998].

Objective: To trace back to the influenza pandemic caused by A/H3N2 virus happened in Zhejiang province, 1998.

Methods: The whole genome of three isolates related to Zhejiang influenza virus was amplified through RT-PCR, and the identified sequences were aligned with the sequences downloaded from GenBank of the H3N2 strains which were circulating in other regions during 1995 to 1998. The crossing HAI titers of the reference strains were measured by HAI test and antigenic ratios were calculated.

[Genetic variation of phosphoprotein (P) gene from measles epidemic strains in Zhejiang province].

Objective: To investigate the genetic characteristics and variation within the phosphoprotein (P) gene of measles epidemic strains circulated in Zhejiang province.

Methods: The whole sequence of P gene of the epidemic strains related to Zhejiang Measles virus during 1999 to 2008 was amplified, using the RT-PCR Assay. PCR products were sequenced and compared with the sequences of measles vaccine and other epidemic strains.