Generalized Hardy's Paradox.

Here, we present the most general framework for n-particle Hardy's paradoxes, which include Hardy's original one and Cereceda's extension as special cases. Remarkably, for any n≥3, we demonstrate that there always exist generalized paradoxes (with the success probability as high as 1/2^{n-1}) that are stronger than the previous ones in showing the conflict of quantum mechanics with local realism. An experimental proposal to observe the stronger paradox is also presented for the case of three qubits.

Enhancement of antitumor properties of TRAIL by targeted delivery to the tumor neovasculature.

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anticancer agent with tumor-selective apoptotic activity. TRAIL plays a role in the innate and adaptive immune response and autoimmune disease and may also be involved in hepatic cell death and inflammation. For these reasons, chronic exposure to TRAIL may have deleterious side effects in patients as a cancer therapeutic.

pT7MT, a metallothionein 2A-tagged novel prokaryotic fusion expression vector.

In the present article, a novel fusion expression vector for Escherichia coli was developed based on the pTORG plasmid, a derivative of pET32a. This vector, named pT7MT (GenBank Accession No DQ504436), carries a T7 promoter and it drives the downstream gene encoding Metallothionein 2A (MT2A). There are in-framed multiple cloning sites (MCS) downstream of the MT2A gene.

Immobilized protein ZZ, an affinity tool for immunoglobulin isolation and immunological experimentation.

At present, the common tool for affinity purification of IgG is immobilized Protein A, which is separated from native cell-wall components of Staphylococcus aureus. It is complicated and costly to prepare natural Protein A. ZZ protein is a synthetic Fc region-binding domain originated from B domain of Protein A.