PIWI-interacting RNA biomarkers in gastrointestinal disease.

Detection and diagnosis of neoplastic and inflammatory gastrointestinal (GI) diseases are typically based on endoscopic and pathologic examination. In GI neoplastic diseases, diagnosis can be delayed due to the expense and invasive nature of this approach. Recently, PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), a group of small non-coding RNA molecules containing 24-31 nucleotides, have been thought to serve as biomarkers in many disease processes.

Discovery and validation of combined biomarkers for the diagnosis of esophageal intraepithelial neoplasia and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Early diagnosis and intervention of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) can improve the prognosis. The purpose of this study was to identify biomarkers for ESCC and esophageal precancerous lesions (intraepithelial neoplasia, IEN). Based on the proteomic and genomic data of esophageal tissue including previously reported data, up-regulated proteins with copy number amplification in esophageal cancer were screened as candidate biomarkers.

Intestinal neuronal dysplasia presenting as psoas abscess: A case report.

Background: Intestinal neuronal dysplasia (IND) is a rare condition mainly affecting the children. Constipation and abdominal distension have been reported as common manifestations. In addition, the reports about adult cases are scarce.

Effect of Shenling Baizhu powder on immunity to diarrheal disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and is associated with immune dysfunction. The modulatory effects of Shenling Baizhu powder (SLBZS) on immune function in diarrheal disease have been validated in various animal models. However, the results of these studies have not been systematically evaluated.

Bile acids promote the caveolae-associated entry of swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus in porcine intestinal enteroids.

Intestinal microbial metabolites have been increasingly recognized as important regulators of enteric viral infection. However, very little information is available about which specific microbiota-derived metabolites are crucial for swine enteric coronavirus (SECoV) infection in vivo. Using swine acute diarrhea syndrome (SADS)-CoV as a model, we were able to identify a greatly altered bile acid (BA) profile in the small intestine of infected piglets by untargeted metabolomic analysis.

The Intestinal Microbiome Primes Host Innate Immunity against Enteric Virus Systemic Infection through Type I Interferon.

Intestinal microbiomes are of vital importance in antagonizing systemic viral infection. However, very little literature has shown whether commensal bacteria play a crucial role in protecting against enteric virus systemic infection from the aspect of modulating host innate immunity. In the present study, we utilized an enteric virus, encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), to inoculate mice treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or given an antibiotic cocktail (Abx) orally or intraperitoneally to examine the impact of microbiota depletion on virulence and viral replication Microbiota depletion exacerbated the mortality, neuropathogenesis, viremia, and viral burden in brains following EMCV infection.

Asperuloside suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation in DSS-induced chronic colitis and RAW 264.7 macrophages via Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathways.

Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), which mainly include Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic idiopathic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract for which effective pharmacological treatments are lacking or options are very limited.

Purpose: Here, we aim to investigate the therapeutic effects of an iridoid glycoside, asperuloside (ASP) on mice experimental chronic colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and further explore underlying mechanisms in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: LPS-treated RAW 264.

Predicting the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) or Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB) Surgery: Development and Assessment of a Nomogram Prediction Model.

BACKGROUND We sought to create a model that incorporated ultrasound examinations to predict the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 292 patients with AKI after PCI or CPB surgery were enrolled for the study. Afterwards, treatment-related information, including data pertaining to ultrasound examination, was collected.

Prevalence of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in China: Results from the 2018 point prevalence survey in 189 hospitals in Guangdong Province.

Background: Limited data on healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are available from the developing world, thus a point prevalence survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of HAIs and antimicrobial use in Guangdong Province, China.

Methods: A standardized methodology for point prevalence surveys on HAIs and antimicrobial use has been developed by the Chinese Nosocomial Infection Control and Quality Improvement Center. The prevalence of HAIs, antimicrobial use, and baseline hospital-level variables were collected in 189 hospitals from June 2017 to May 2018.

S100A16 is a prognostic marker for colorectal cancer.

Background: S100 is a superfamily of calcium-binding proteins that regulate multiple biological processes and are involved in many diseases. S100A16 has recently been identified to be involved in several cancers such as bladder cancer, lung cancer, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, the role of S100A16 expression in the colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been investigated.

Evaluation of toxicity studies of flavonoid fraction of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd in rodents.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety of flavonoid fraction of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd (Sweet Tea-F, ST-F) in mice and rats through acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies respectively. For acute toxicity study, a single dose of 5000 mg/kg of ST-F was given orally to healthy KM mice. The mice were observed mortality and toxic symptoms for 24 h, then once a day up to 14 days.

Importance of activated hepatic stellate cells and angiopoietin-1 in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Previous studies have determined that activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs) promote the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by increasing angiogenesis in cancerous tissues. In addition, angiopoietin 1 (Ang‑1) has been reported to be involved in tumor growth and metastasis via the promotion of angiogenesis. It remains unclear whether aHSCs and Ang‑1 are involved in the angiogenesis in HCC.

Association between the polymorphisms of urokinase plasminogen activation system and cancer risk: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the potential association between the urokinase plasminogen activation (uPA) system polymorphisms (rs4065, rs2227564, and rs344781) and cancer risk.

Methods: An extensive search was performed to identify published case-control studies on the association between the uPA system polymorphisms and cancer risk. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the relationship between the uPA system polymorphisms and cancer risk.

Effect of the flavonoid fraction of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd. on spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Lilhocarpus polystachys Rehd. (Sweet Tea, ST) is a folk herbal medicine that has been traditionally used as a natural remedy for hypertension in China, whose mechanism remains unveiled. Flavonoid fraction is considered as the major active components in ST.

The hypoglycemic activity of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd. leaves in the experimental hyperglycemic rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Leaves of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd. are used for the treatment of disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, and epilepsy in folk medicine of South China. The possible antidiabetic effects of the leaves were investigated in experimental type 2 and type 1 diabetic rats.

Role of the interaction between puerarin and the erythrocyte membrane in puerarin-induced hemolysis.

Adverse drug reactions (ADR), especially intravenous hemolysis, have largely limited the application of puerarin injections in clinics. This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of puerarin-induced hemolysis. Our results show that puerarin induced concentration-dependent and time-dependent hemolysis when human erythrocytes were incubated in saline solution with more than 2mM puerarin for over 2h.

Breviscapine, a traditional Chinese medicine, alleviates myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury in diabetic rats.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the effects of breviscapine on the expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule-I (ICAM-I), ATPase activities and oxidative stress in ischaemia-reperfused (I/R) myocardium of diabetic rats.

Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (a diabetic group and a non-diabetic group), and each group divided into two subgroups including a control group and a breviscapine group. Reperfusion surgery was carried out in all rats.

[Influence of interventional radiotherapy for severe postpartum hemorrhage on postpartum menorrhea].

Objective: To discuss the influence of interventional radiotherapy for treating severe postpartum hemorrhage on postpartum menorrhea.

Methods: From Mar. 1995 to Feb.