PET/CT Manifestations of a Case of Penicilliosis Marneffei Misdiagnosed as Lung Cancer.

Penicilliosis marneffei is an extremely rare fungal infectious disease and is especially rare in people with normal immunity. Penicilliosis marneffei restricted to the lung and involving the formation of a pulmonary tumor is difficult to distinguish from peripheral lung cancer. This kind of case has rarely been reported.

[Value of three-dimensional speckle-tracking imaging in evaluating left ventricular systolic function and its correlation with peripheral arterial elasticity in children with simple obesity: a prospective study].

Objectives: To study the application of three-dimensional speckle-tracking imaging in evaluating left ventricular systolic function and its correlation with peripheral arterial elasticity in children with simple obesity.

Methods: Random sampling combined with convenience sampling was used to obtain research samples, and then the samples were divided into an obesity group (23 cases), an overweight group (21 cases), and a normal group (24 cases). Three-dimensional speckle-tracking imaging was used to measure the global longitudinal strain (GLS), global radial strain (GRS), and global circumferential strain (GCS) of the left ventricle.

Age-Related Decline of Male Fertility: Mitochondrial Dysfunction and the Antioxidant Interventions.

Mitochondria are structurally and functionally unique organelles in male gametes. Apparently, as the only organelles remaining in mature sperm, mitochondria not only produce adeno-sine triphosphate (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to support sperm mobility, but also play key roles in regulating reactive oxidation species (ROS) signaling, calcium homeostasis, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and apoptosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction is often associated with the aging process.

Risk for Cardiovascular Death Associated With Waist Circumference and Diabetes: A 9-Year Prospective Study in the Wan Shou Lu Cohort.

Background: It has been reported that obesity and diabetes are both risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, recent articles reported that compared with body mass index, waist circumference (WC) can better reflect obesity, more closely related to visceral fat tissue which is positively associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death. Moreover, few studies have investigated the prognostic value of both WC and diabetes during a long-term follow-up.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting as an isolated brain tumour: A case report.

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare proliferative histiocyte disorder. It can affect any organ or system, especially the bone, skin, lung, and central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, the hypothalamic-pituitary is predominantly affected, whereas the brain parenchyma is rarely affected.

18F-FDG PET/CT Image Analysis of Penicilliosis Marneffei in an Immunocompetent Child Patient.

Penicilliosis marneffei is an extremely rare fungal infectious disease that often occurs in hosts with immunodeficiency or immune dysfunction. Penicilliosis marneffei has been seldom reported in children with multiple infiltrations throughout the body. We report a case of a boy with normal immune function who had multiple infiltrations of penicilliosis marneffei and was misdiagnosed with lymphoma by PET/CT.

miR-208a in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Remodeling.

Various stresses, including pressure overload and myocardial stretch, can trigger cardiac remodeling and result in heart diseases. The disorders are associated with high risk of morbidity and mortality and are among the major health problems in the world. MicroRNAs, a class of ~22nt-long small non-coding RNAs, have been found to participate in regulating heart development and function.

Primary cardiac lymphoma: the management and outcome of a single-centre cohort of 22 patients.

Background: The incidence of primary cardiac lymphoma (PCL) is increasing, but the optimal management approach remains unclear. We assessed the clinical characteristics of a single-centre cohort with the goal of determining the optimal management approach. The treatment outcomes and prognostic factors are reported.

PET/CT and contrast-enhanced CT imaging findings in benign solitary schwannomas.

Objectives: Imaging features of positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) and contrast-enhanced CT and pathological changes in benign solitary schwannoma were retrospectively analyzed, and the factors associated with high uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) were examined.

Methods: The PET/CT, contrast-enhanced CT, and pathological results of 58 cases of benign solitary schwannomas confirmed by surgery or biopsy were retrospectively analyzed. The association of each variable with the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was evaluated.

Purine-rich element binding protein B attenuates the coactivator function of myocardin by a novel molecular mechanism of smooth muscle gene repression.

Myocardin is a potent transcriptional coactivator protein, which functions as the master regulator of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation. The cofactor activity of myocardin is mediated by its physical interaction with serum response factor, a ubiquitously expressed transactivator that binds to CArG boxes in genes encoding smooth muscle-restricted proteins. Purine-rich element binding protein B (Purβ) represses the transcription of the smooth muscle α-actin gene (Acta2) in fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells by interacting with single-stranded DNA sequences flanking two 5' CArG boxes in the Acta2 promoter.

The Prognostic Value of F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT in the Initial Assessment of Primary Tracheal Malignant Tumor: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: To investigate the potential value of F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT in predicting the survival of patients with primary tracheal malignant tumors.

Materials And Methods: An analysis of FDG PET/CT findings in 37 primary tracheal malignant tumor patients with a median follow-up period of 43.2 months (range, 10.

Value of interim F-FDG PET/CT for predicting progression-free survival in stage ⅢB/IV EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer patients with EGFR-TKI therapy.

Objectives: We retrospectively investigated the prognostic value of FDG-PET performed for patients with Stage ⅢB/IV EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy.

Methods: A total of 78 patients newly diagnosed with Stage ⅢB/IV EGFR-mutant NSCLC who received baseline and interim PET/CT examination and were treated with EGFR-TKI therapy were included. Interim PET was performed after 4-6 weeks of treatment.

Combined PET/CT with thoracic contrast-enhanced CT in assessment of primary cardiac tumors in adult patients.

Background: F-FDG PET/CT is a key molecular imaging modality to noninvasively assess and differentiate benign and malignant cardiac tumors. However, few benign cardiac tumors can be characterized by increased F-FDG uptake, which makes differential diagnosis difficult. This study sought to retrospectively evaluate whether combined F-FDG PET/CT with thoracic contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) helps in assessing primary cardiac tumors in adult patients, compared with CECT or PET/CT alone.

18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging Findings of Leprosy.

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae infection in susceptible individuals. Without proper clinical diagnosis and treatment, leprosy can have a poor prognosis; however, diagnosing leprosy is challenging. We present a case of leprosy with extensive skin infiltration and involvement of the turbinate mucosa and multiple lymph nodes with increased FDG uptake on PET/CT, mimicking malignancy.

A preliminary cervical cancer screening cascade for eight provinces rural Chinese women: a descriptive analysis of cervical cancer screening cases in a 3-stage framework.

Background: Cascade analysis is an effective method to analyze the processing data of an event, such as a provided service or a series of examinations. This study aimed to develop a primary cervical cancer screening cascade in China to promote the quality of the screening process.

Methods: We designed a cervical cancer screening cascade in China according to the program flow chart.

Adult Pancreatoblastoma With Liver Metastasis Diagnosed by 18F-FDG PET/CT and 2 Years' Postoperative Follow-up.

Pancreatoblastoma is an extremely rare malignant tumor of the pancreas. Most patients are infants and children; however, a few cases have been reported in adults. Herein, we present the case of a 49-year-old man with pancreatoblastoma and liver metastasis who underwent preoperative multimodal imaging, in which F-FDG PET/CT showed a markedly increased F-FDG uptake in the metastatic lesion and a slightly increased uptake in the primary lesion.

Sulfatides ameliorate experimental autoimmune neuritis by suppressing Th1/Th17 cells.

Sulfatides have immunomodulatory functions, and play protective roles in multiple autoimmune diseases. In the present study, we showed that sulfatides ameliorated experimental autoimmune neuritis in Lewis rats induced with bovine peripheral myelin, which was associated with decreased proportions of Th1 and Th17 cells. Furthermore, compared control group, cells from sulfatide-treated rats exhibited lower potential in proliferation and IL-17 secretion in the presence of BPM or ConA in vitro.

Pericardial Solitary Fibrous Tumor on FDG PET/CT.

Solitary fibrous tumor, which can occur in all parts of the body and is more frequently found in the visceral pleura, is a rare mesenchymal tissue-originating spindle cell tumor derived from CD34-positive dendriticmesenchymal cells, but it rarely occurs in the pericardium. We reported the FDG PET/CT findings of a pathologically confirmed benign pericardial solitary fibrous tumor in a 51-year-old woman.

FDG-PET/CT of invasive thymoma extending into the superior vena cava and right atrium.

We present FDG PET/CT findings of a rare case of invasive thymoma with intraluminal growth into the superior vena cava (SVC) and right atrium (RA).

Acquired hypophosphatemic osteomalacia is easily misdiagnosed or neglected by rheumatologists: A report of 9 cases.

The aim of the present study was to assist rheumatologists in differentiating hypophosphatemic osteomalacia (HO) from mimic rheumatology diseases. Clinical data was obtained from 9 patients with acquired HO, initially misdiagnosed as mimic rheumatologic diseases. The data were retrospectively analyzed and a literature review was performed.