Isocyanic acid-mediated NLRP3 carbamoylation reduces NLRP3-NEK7 interaction and limits inflammasome activation.

Isocyanic acid, as a reactive metabolite synthesized by the enzyme LACC1, can carbamoylate the ε-amino group of lysine residues in proteins. However, the role of isocyanic acid in inflammatory response remains elusive. Herein, we reveal that lipopolysaccharide stimulation increases LACC1-dependent isocyanic acid production, which attenuates inflammation by limiting the NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages primed with lipopolysaccharide for 8 hours.

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells derived IL-9 reduces macrophage apoptosis and attenuates acute lung injury in sepsis.

Background: Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are the main group of tissue-resident ILCs in the lungs, which protect airway barrier integrity following infection. Macrophages are integral to the regulation of immune homeostasis in sepsis. However, the relationship between ILC2 and macrophages in the context of sepsis induced acute lung injury remains uncertain.

Research on Blood Cell Image Detection Method Based on Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy.

Autonomous Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy (FPM) is a technology widely used in the field of pathology. It is compatible with high resolution and large field-of-view imaging and can observe more image details. Red blood cells play an indispensable role in assessing the oxygen-carrying capacity of the human body and in screening for clinical diagnosis and treatment needs.

The segmented flavivirus Alongshan virus reduces mitochondrial mass by degrading STAT2 to suppress the innate immune response.

Alongshan virus (ALSV) is a newly discovered pathogen in the family, characterized by a unique multi-segmented genome that is distantly related to the canonical flaviviruses. Understanding the pathogenic mechanism of this emerging segmented flavivirus is crucial for the development of effective intervention strategies. In this study, we demonstrate that ALSV can infect various mammalian cells and induce the expression of antiviral genes.

Co-application of Validamycin A and dsRNAs targeting trehalase genes conferred enhanced insecticidal activity against Laodelphax striatellus.

The small brown planthopper (SBPH), Laodelphax striatellus, poses a significant threat to rice crops, necessitating innovative pest control strategies. This study evaluated the potential of validamycin A (Val A) and RNA interference (RNAi) targeting trehalase genes (LsTre1 and LsTre2) in controlling SBPH. Our results demonstrated that Val A treatment of rice seedlings led to a dose-dependent mortality of SBPH.

ATP-gated P2x7 receptor is a major channel type at type II auditory nerves and required for hearing sensitivity efferent controlling and noise protection.

Hearing sensitivity and noise protection are mediated and determined by negative feedback of the cochlear efferent system. Type II auditory nerves (ANs) innervate outer hair cells (OHCs) in the cochlea and provide an input to this efferent control. However, little is known about underlying channel information.

Local Release of Copper Manganese Oxide Using HA Microneedle for Improving the Efficacy of Drug-Resistant Wound Inflammation.

The production of bacterial toxins and excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can induce localized oxidative stress, triggering an exaggerated immune response that impedes wound healing and culminates in chronic wounds. To address this issue, a microneedle (MN) system loaded with copper-manganese oxide (CMO) is developed to modulate the hyperimmune response in wounds. CMO@MN exhibits excellent antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties by effectively killing bacteria, scavenging ROS, and modulating macrophage polarization through their multiple enzymatic activities and photothermal properties.

Macrophage α7nAChR alleviates the inflammation of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis through mTOR/NLRP3/IL-1β pathway.

Background: Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most prevalent and severe intestinal emergencies in newborns. The inflammatory activation of macrophages is associated with the intestinal injury of NEC. The neuroimmune regulation mediated by α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) plays an important role in regulating macrophage activation and inflammation progression, but in NEC remains unclear.

Transfer of cardiomyocyte-derived extracellular vesicles to neighboring cardiac cells requires tunneling nanotubes during heart development.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are thought to mediate intercellular communication during development and disease. Yet, biological insight to intercellular EV transfer remains elusive, also in the heart, and is technically challenging to demonstrate. Here, we aimed to investigate biological transfer of cardiomyocyte-derived EVs in the neonatal heart.

Efficacy and safety of pyrotinib combined with albumin-bound paclitaxel as first-line treatment for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer in patients previously treated with adjuvant and/or neoadjuvant trastuzumab therapy: The stage 1 results of a single-arm, phase 2 prospective clinical trial.

Objective: It has been observed that the prognosis of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer has improved significantly with HER2-targeted agents. However, there is still a lack of evidence regarding first-line anti-HER2 treatment options for patients who have received adjuvant and/or neoadjuvant trastuzumab for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Besides, there are no reliable markers that can predict the efficacy of anti-HER2 treatment in these patients.

Development of a high-throughput scale-down model in Ambr® 250 HT for plasmid DNA fermentation processes.

Recent advances in messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines and gene therapy vectors have increased the need for rapid plasmid DNA (pDNA) screening and production within the biopharmaceutical industry. High-throughput (HT) fermentor systems, such as the Ambr® 250 HT, can significantly accelerate process development timelines of pDNA upstream processes compared to traditional bench-scale glass fermentors or small-scale steam-in-place (SIP) fermentors. However, such scale-down models must be qualified to ensure that they are representative of the larger scale process similar to traditional small-scale models.

DPPA2/4 Promote the Pluripotency and Proliferation of Bovine Extended Pluripotent Stem Cells by Upregulating the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

Developmental pluripotency-associated 2 (DPPA2) and DPPA4 are crucial transcription factors involved in maintaining pluripotency in humans and mice. However, the role of DPPA2/4 in bovine extended pluripotent stem cells (bEPSCs) has not been investigated. In this study, a subset of bEPSC-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including and , was identified based on multiomics data (ATAC-seq and RNA-seq).

Relationship between fear of progression and symptom burden, disease factors and social/family factors in patients with stage-IV breast cancer in Shandong, China.

Objective: To assess fear of progression (FoP)'s relationship with symptom burden and disease and social/family factors, as well as, determine the status of FoP in women with stage-IV breast cancer in Shandong, China.

Methods: Two hundred and sixteen women were recruited from the department of breast cancer internal medicine, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute. Data for this observational study were collected between October 2020 and January 2021 using the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory, the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form (FoP-Q-SF) and a participant information scale.

Pericardial delta like non-canonical NOTCH ligand 1 (Dlk1) augments fibrosis in the heart through epithelial to mesenchymal transition.

Background: Heart failure due to myocardial infarction (MI) involves fibrosis driven by epicardium-derived cells (EPDCs) and cardiac fibroblasts, but strategies to inhibit and provide cardio-protection remains poor. The imprinted gene, non-canonical NOTCH ligand 1 (Dlk1), has previously been shown to mediate fibrosis in the skin, lung and liver, but very little is known on its effect in the heart.

Methods: Herein, human pericardial fluid/plasma and tissue biopsies were assessed for DLK1, whereas the spatiotemporal expression of Dlk1 was determined in mouse hearts.

A small-molecule degrader selectively inhibits the growth of -rearranged lung cancer with ceritinib resistance.

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a highly responsive therapeutic target for -rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, patients with this cancer invariably relapse because of the development of ALK inhibitor resistance resulting from mutations within the ALK tyrosine kinase domain. Herein, we report the discovery of dEALK1, a small-molecule degrader of EML4-ALK fusion proteins, with capability of overcoming resistance to ALK inhibitor ceritinib.

[Retracted] Total flavonoids suppress lung cancer growth via the COX‑2‑mediated Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.

Different responses of Sinorhizobium sp. upon Pb and Zn exposure: Mineralization versus complexation.

Lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) have been discharged into environment and may negatively impact ecological security. Rhizobia has gained attention due to their involvement in the restoration of metal polluted soils. However, little is known about the responses of rhizobia under Pb and Zn stress, especially the roles played by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in the resistance of these two metals.