Nurse-Initiated Fall and Osteoporosis Screening for Older Adults in the Emergency Department.

Background Many older adults presenting to the emergency department (ED) after a fall are discharged without adequate assessment of their fall risk. A nurse-initiated protocol was introduced for the early screening of older adults with injurious falls. We aimed to promote osteoporosis education and right-site them to appropriate outpatient resources in the community.

Flavivirus maturation leads to the formation of an occupied lipid pocket in the surface glycoproteins.

Flaviviruses such as Dengue (DENV) or Zika virus (ZIKV) assemble into an immature form within the endoplasmatic reticulum (ER), and are then processed by furin protease in the trans-Golgi. To better grasp maturation, we carry out cryo-EM reconstructions of immature Spondweni virus (SPOV), a human flavivirus of the same serogroup as ZIKV. By employing asymmetric localised reconstruction we push the resolution to 3.

Orbital apex cyst: a rare cause of compressive optic neuropathy post-functional endoscopic sinus surgery.

There are various causes that can lead to compressive optic neuropathy. We present here orbital apex cyst as an unusual cause of compressive optic neuropathy in a 49-year-old male. He presented with 2 weeks painless loss of vision in the left eye with left-sided headache.

Prevalence and Factors Associated With Second Eye Cataract Surgery and the Trend in the Time Interval Between the Two Eye Surgeries Based on the Malaysian National Eye Database.

Purpose: To study the prevalence of second eye cataract surgery (SECS), trend in time interval between subsequent surgeries over the years, and factors associated with SECS utilization among patients who underwent cataract surgeries in the Ministry of Health (MOH), Malaysia.

Design: Secondary cross-sectional analysis of the Malaysian National Eye Database (NED) data.

Methods: The Malaysian Cataract Surgery Registry collected data on patients who had cataract surgery from 2002-2004 and 2007-2012.

Characteristics of patients who made a return visit within 72 hours to the emergency department of a Singapore tertiary hospital.

Introduction: 72-hour emergency department (ED) reattendance is a widely-used quality indicator for quality of care and patient safety. It is generally assumed that patients who return within 72 hours of ED discharge (72-hour re-attendees) received inadequate treatment or evaluation. The current literature also suggests considerable variation in probable causes of 72-hour ED reattendances internationally.

Manipulating magnetic 3D spheroids in hanging drops for applications in tissue engineering and drug screening.

Magnetic spheroid manipulation can be carried out in hanging drops to generate distinctly structured heterotypic microtissues through sequential addition of cells or spheroid to homotypic spheroids. These spheroids can also be incorporated in a droplet-based assay to screen for therapeutic efficacy in prolonged studies. This simple and versatile technique can offer potential benefits in tissue engineering and drug screening applications.

Partial spontaneous cross union post-division of hughes flap.

We report three cases of partial spontaneous canthal cross union, a rare complication in cases where Hughes flaps are used to reconstruct lower eyelid defects that also involve the canthi. All cases of spontaneous cross union were identified within 2 months of uneventful division of Hughes' flap. Two cases were successfully divided with good aesthetic results although one patient was not keen on surgery, as it was aesthetically acceptable to him.

Nonarteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy.

Purpose Of Review: There have been many reports in recent literature concerning the use of scanning laser polarimetry, Heidelberg retinal tomography and optical coherence topography in assessing the optic nerve and peripapillary nerve fibre layer. It is important to assess the validity of new equipment and see whether this has improved our understanding of the disease. There are also reports about possible association of nonarteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy with cataract surgery and phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors.

Clinical features and outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy in patients with retained lens fragments after phacoemulsification.

Purpose: To review the clinical features and outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in patients with retained lens fragments after phacoemulsification and compare the results with those in previous studies.

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom.

Methods: This retrospective chart review comprised 82 consecutive eyes of 82 patients who had vitrectomy for retained lens material after phacoemulsification between January 2000 and June 2006.

Spontaneous dislocation of posterior polar cataract.

We report an unusual case of unilateral spontaneous lens dislocation in a 52-year-old woman with a posterior polar cataract. We postulate that the increasing lens size secondary to nuclear sclerosis may have exerted pressure on a thinned posterior capsule, causing the capsule to rupture spontaneously. The unusual weak posterior capsule in posterior polar cataract is a well-recognized risk factor in phacoemulsification surgery.

Lens dislocation following trauma sustained 40 years ago during cataract surgery pre-assessment.

Background: To report a case of spontaneous lens dislocation following pupillary dilatation during preoperative assessment for cataract surgery.

Methods: Our patient had been punched on the left side of the face 40 years ago but throughout this period the patient's vision had remained normal and ophthalmic evaluation by opticians had also been normal on multiple visits. He was referred to our clinic for cataract assessment.

Retinopathy of prematurity: an optimum screening strategy.

Objective: We sought to find out whether birth weight of less than 1251 g or gestational age less than 30 weeks could provide a safe and efficient screening criteria of detecting treatable retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Methods: Infants either with a birth weight less than 1500 g or gestational age less than 32 weeks were screened for ROP during an 8-year period.

Results: In our study, the incidence of ROP was 36 of 187 (19.

Epstein-Barr Virus DNA quantification: an adjunctive diagnostic marker for AIDS-associated lymphoma.

We report an HIV-positive patient who developed a unilateral retinitis and subsequent intracranial lesions. The finding of Epstein Barr virus (EBV) DNA at a > 1-log greater concentration in the vitreous compared to blood raised the possibility of a primary CNS non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, which was subsequently confirmed on brain biopsy. EBV DNA quantification acted as a diagnostic marker that led to a change in the management of our patient.

Lateral tarsal strip and quickert sutures for lower eyelid entropion.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term outcome of involutional entropion repair by means of a combined procedure of lateral tarsal strip and Quickert everting sutures.

Methods: Noncomparative interventional case series of patients who underwent a combined procedure of lateral tarsal strip and Quickert sutures for treatment of involutional entropion between September 1999 and September 2002. Of 75 patients who underwent surgery, 36 were followed for at least 2 years.

Left ventricular systolic dysfunction and atrial fibrillation in older people in the community--a need for screening?

Background: Heart failure and stroke are major causes of morbidity and mortality in older people. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors improve symptoms and survival in left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Anticoagulants are effective in stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation with aspirin being a less effective alternative.

European reference values for Doppler indices of left ventricular diastolic filling.

The European Study Group on diastolic heart failure requires objective evidence of abnormal left ventricular diastolic function to establish the diagnosis of diastolic heart failure, which is common in older people. Reference values for Doppler indices of transmitral flow, used to assess left ventricular diastolic function, have not been reported for people 70 years and over in Europe. The aim of this study was to establish reference values for these Doppler indices of transmitral flow in older people.

Inhaler technique in older people in the community.

Background: Good inhaler technique and medication concordance is important for symptom and disease control in chronic airways disease.

Objectives: Establish the prevalence of inhaler use; the main inhaler devices used by older people at home; their ability to use the inhalers they have been prescribed; and the relationship between perceived ease of use and actual performance.

Design: Cross-sectional population based study.

Diastolic heart failure in older people.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of diastolic heart failure in older people in the community, identify associated risk factors and measure its impact on function and quality of life.

Design: Cross-sectional population-based study.

Methods: A two-stage random sample of 500 subjects was drawn from 5,002 subjects aged 70 years and over living at home.