Kaempferol efficacy in metabolic diseases: Molecular mechanisms of action in diabetes mellitus, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, steatohepatitis, and atherosclerosis.

The incidence of metabolic diseases has progressively increased, which has a negative impact on human health and life safety globally. Due to the good efficacy and limited side effects, there is growing interest in developing effective drugs to treat metabolic diseases from natural compounds. Kaempferol (KMP), an important flavonoid, exists in many vegetables, fruits, and traditional medicinal plants.

Integration of pharmacodynamics and metabolomics to reveal rhubarb anthraquinone protection against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease rat model.

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of Rhubarb anthraquinone (RA) on a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rat model, and explore potential biomarker and metabolic pathways by using the metabolomics method.

Materials And Methods: We established HFD rats as the NAFLD model. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group, model group, RA low-dose group, RA medium-dose group, and RA high-dose group, and evaluated the protective effect of RA on NAFLD by detecting biochemical indicators of serum and pathological changes of liver tissue.

Prognostic and clinicopathological role of pretreatment systemic immune-inflammation index in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis.

Background: There are many studies regarding the use of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) to help predict oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) prognosis, but findings have been inconsistent. The present meta-analysis was conducted to determine whether SII could contribute to predicting OSCC prognosis.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were thoroughly searched from their inceptions through August 20, 2023.

Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study of Rhubarb Anthraquinones in Normal and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Rats.

Background And Objectives: Rhubarb anthraquinones contain five main components, that is, rhein, emodin, aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion, which demonstrate good therapeutic effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, research on its pharmacokinetics in NAFLD remains lacking. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetic differences of rhubarb anthraquinones in normal and NAFLD rats.

Exploring the effect and mechanism of cucurbitacin B on cholestatic liver injury based on network pharmacology and experimental verification.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cholestatic liver injury (CLI) is a pathologic process with the impairment of liver and bile secretion and excretion, resulting in an excessive accumulation of bile acids within the liver, which leads to damage to both bile ducts and hepatocytes. This process is often accompanied by inflammation. Cucumis melo L is a folk traditional herb for the treatment of cholestasis.

Protective mechanism of Paeonol on central nervous system.

Cerebrovascular diseases involve neuronal damage, resulting in degenerative neuropathy and posing a serious threat to human health. The discovery of effective drug components from natural plants and the study of their mechanism are a research idea different from chemical synthetic medicines. Paeonol is the main active component of traditional Chinese medicine Paeonia lactiflora Pall.

Luteolin as a potential hepatoprotective drug: Molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies.

Luteolin is a flavonoid widely present in various traditional Chinese medicines. In recent years, luteolin has received more attention due to its impressive liver protective effect, such as metabolic associated fatty liver disease, hepatic fibrosis and hepatoma. This article summarizes the pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetic characteristics, and toxicity of luteolin against liver diseases, and provides prospect.

Forsythiaside A alleviates acute lung injury by inhibiting inflammation and epithelial barrier damages in lung and colon through PPAR-γ/RXR-α complex.

Introduction: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a lung disease characterized by inflammation and still requires further drug development. Forsythiaside A as the active compound of Forsythiae Fructus has the therapeutic potential for ALI.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of forsythiaside A in treating ALI through PPAR-γ and its conjugate RXR-α based on gut-lung axis.

The protective effect of forsythiaside A on 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine-induced cholestatic liver injury in mice: Based on targeted metabolomics and molecular biology technology.

Cholestasis is a disorder of bile secretion and excretion caused by a variety of etiologies. At present, there is a lack of functional foods or drugs that can be used for intervention. Forsythiaside A (FTA) is a natural phytochemical component isolated from the medicinal plant Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.

USP18 enhances the resistance of BRAF-mutated melanoma cells to vemurafenib by stabilizing cGAS expression to induce cell autophagy.

This study aims to discern the possible molecular mechanism of the effect of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 18 (USP18) on the resistance to BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib in BRAF V600E mutant melanoma by regulating cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). The cancer tissues of BRAF V600E mutant melanoma patients before and after vemurafenib treatment were collected, in which the protein expression of USP18 and cGAS was determined. A BRAF V600E mutant human melanoma cell line (A2058R) resistant to vemurafenib was constructed with its viability, apoptosis, and autophagy detected following overexpression and depletion assays of USP18 and cGAS.

Exploration of the Molecular Basis of Forsythia Fruit in the Prevention and Treatment of Cholestatic Liver Injury through Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking.

Forsythia fruit, edible fruit of (Thunb.) Vahl, which has been found to be effective in treating cholestasis. However, its key component for alleviating cholestasis has not been determined.

Celastrol as an emerging anticancer agent: Current status, challenges and therapeutic strategies.

Celastrol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F., which has multiple pharmacological activities. In particular, modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that celastrol exhibits significant broad-spectrum anticancer activities in the treatment of a variety of cancers, including lung cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, hematological malignancies, gastric cancer, prostate cancer, renal carcinoma, breast cancer, bone tumor, brain tumor, cervical cancer, and ovarian cancer.

Remodeling the hepatic fibrotic microenvironment with emerging nanotherapeutics: a comprehensive review.

Liver fibrosis could be the last hope for treating liver cancer and remodeling of the hepatic microenvironment has emerged as a strategy to promote the ablation of liver fibrosis. In recent years, especially with the rapid development of nanomedicine, hepatic microenvironment therapy has been widely researched in studies concerning liver cancer and fibrosis. In this comprehensive review, we summarized recent advances in nano therapy-based remodeling of the hepatic microenvironment.

Spongioplasty with Buck's fascia covering dorsal inlay graft urethroplasty for primary hypospadias repair.

Introduction: Neourethral covering is an essential technique for preventing complications such as fistula and glans dehiscence in hypospadias repairs. The spongioplasty has been reported for neourethral coverage about 20 years ago. However, reports of the outcome are limited.

The role of miR-155 on liver diseases by modulating immunity, inflammation and tumorigenesis.

The liver is a well-known metabolic organ that can be susceptible to external stimuli to affect its normal physiological function. Worldwide, the morbidity and mortality of liver diseases are skyrocketing every year, causing human health crises. Recently, new approaches such as biotechnology have been introduced to achieve optimal treatment and prognostic management of liver diseases.

Nephroprotective and nephrotoxic effects of Rhubarb and their molecular mechanisms.

Rhubarb, in the form of a traditional Chinese medicine, is used in the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Previous studies have demonstrated that Rhubarb possesses a good nephroprotective effect, which primarily protects the kidneys from fibrosis, oxidation, inflammation, autophagy, and apoptosis. However, studies have shown that the long-term inappropriate use of Rhubarb may cause damage to renal function.

Long Non-Coding RNA CRNDE Functions as a Tumor Promoter by Modulating the ERK/MAPK Signaling Pathway in Neuroblastoma Cells.

Objective: The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) is considered a carcinogenic promoter in various human malignancies. However, the role and underlying mechanism of action of CRNDE during carcinogenesis in neuroblastoma remain unknown.

Methods: CRNDE transcript levels were detected in neuroblastoma tissues and adjacent normal tissues.

Paeoniflorin Protects against Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury in Mice via JNK Signaling Pathway.

Background: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI), represented by acetaminophen (APAP), is a common cause of acute liver failure in clinics. Paeoniflorin (PF) has been proven to demonstrate a significant hepatoprotective effect. However, it is still unclear whether it can be a potential agent against hepatotoxicity induced by APAP.

Cucurbitacin B: A review of its pharmacology, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics.

Cucurbitacin B (CuB, CHO), the most abundant and active member of cucurbitacins, which are highly oxidized tetracyclic triterpenoids. Cucurbitacins are widely distributed in a variety of plants and mainly isolated from plants in the Cucurbitaceae family. CuB is mostly obtained from the pedicel of Cucumis melo L.

Distinct Prognostic Factors of Ground Glass Opacity and Pure-Solid Lesion in Pathological Stage I Invasive Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Ground glass opacity (GGO) is associated with favorable survival in lung cancer. However, the relevant evidence of the difference in prognostic factors between GGO and pure-solid nodules for pathological stage I invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC) is limited. We aimed to identify the impact of GGO on survival and find prognostic factor for part-GGO and pure-solid patients.

Miniature bending-resistant fiber grating accelerometer based on a flexible hinge structure.

To meet the needs of vibration monitoring with special requirements for the size and quality of accelerometers, a miniaturized fiber Bragg grating accelerometer based on flexible hinges is proposed in this paper. The sensor uses a flexible hinge as an elastic body, and the suspended arc package realizes the miniaturization of the accelerometer. At the same time, the grating prepared by bending-resistant optical fiber successfully solves the problem of light loss in arc-shaped packaging.

Quercetin alleviates ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis in L02 cells by activating TFEB translocation to compensate for inadequate autophagy.

This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of quercetin on ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis in L02 cells and elucidate the potential mechanism. In brief, L02 cells were pretreated with or without ethanol (3%) for 24 h, then treated quercetin (80, 40, 20 μM) for 24 h. The transfection procedure was performed with transcription factor EB (TFEB) small interfering RNA (siRNA TFEB) for 24 h.

Quercetin Protects Ethanol-Induced Hepatocyte Pyroptosis via Scavenging Mitochondrial ROS and Promoting PGC-1-Regulated Mitochondrial Homeostasis in L02 Cells.

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a multifaceted process that involves excessive lipid, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, unbalanced mitochondrial homeostasis, and ultimate cell death. Quercetin is a dietary phytochemical presented in various fruits and vegetables, which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. According to recent advances in pharmanutritional management, the effects of quercetin on various mitochondrial processes have attracted attention.