[Analysis of the Different Therapeutic Effects in 21 Ph Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Children].

Objective: To analyze the outcomes of the children suffered from philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (PhALL) treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) plus chemotherapy and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

Methods: 21 cases of firstly diagnosed PhALL patients aged <12 year treated with Chinese Childhood Leukemia Group ALL 2008 (CCLG-ALL 2008) protocol form January 2008 and April 2015 were retrospectively analyzed．The patients were divided into two groups, one group was TKI+ chemotherapy group, the other group was allo-HSCT group.

Results: Among 21 patients, 17 were male and 4 were female with a median age of 8 years old (range, 4-12 years), the median follow-up time was 30 moths (range, 10-133 months).

[The Correlation of Minimal Residual Disease with Prognosis in TCF3-PBX1 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children].

Objective: To investigate the consistency between FCM and PCR on the detecting of MRD in TCF3-PBX1 ALL, and to investigate the prognosis value of these 2 methods.

Methods: 55 cases of paediatric TCF3-PBX1 ALL patients from April 2008 to April 2015 were enrolled and analyzed. The FCM and PCR was used to detect the MRD in 239 bone marrow samples of 55 patients.

Inhibition of red blood cell development by arsenic-induced disruption of GATA-1.

Anemia is a hematological disorder that adversely affects the health of millions of people worldwide. Although many variables influence the development and exacerbation of anemia, one major contributing factor is the impairment of erythropoiesis. Normal erythropoiesis is highly regulated by the zinc finger transcription factor GATA-1.

[CD20 is not a poor prognostic factor for childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia with high white blood cell count].

Objective: To study the significance of CD20 combined with white blood cell (WBC) count at diagnosis in the prognosis assessment in children with B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 821 B-ALL children who were treated with CCLG-ALL2008 regimen from April 2008 to April 2015. Their survival status was followed up.

Propofol induces apoptosis by activating caspases and the MAPK pathways, and inhibiting the Akt pathway in TM3 mouse Leydig stem/progenitor cells.

Propofol is an anesthetic agent moderating GABA receptors in the nervous system. A number of studies have demonstrated that propofol exerts a negative effect on neural stem cell development in the neonatal mouse hippocampus. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study available to date illustrating whether neonatal exposure to propofol affects Leydig stem/progenitor cell development for normal male reproductive development and functions, and the regulatory mechanism remains elusive.

[Therapeutic Outcomes of 28 ALL Patients with MLL Gene Rearrangement].

Objective: To analyze the therapeutic outcomes of acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) patients with MLL gene rearrangement.

Methods: Clinical outcomes of 28 ALL patients aged less than 12 years old with MLL gene rearrangement treated with Chinese Childhood Leukemia Group ALL 2008 (CCLG -ALL 2008) protocol from January 2008 to April 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: Among 28 patients, 14 were boys and 14 were girls, median age was 36(4-144) months and median follow-up period was 12.

[Association of cerebrospinal fluid status with prognosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

Objective: To study the clinical features of central nervous system infiltration-positive (CNSI+) children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) based on flow cytometry, as well as the association of such clinical features with prognosis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 66 CNSI+ children with ALL treated from April 2008 to June 2013. Clinical features, laboratory examination results and prognosis were compared between the children in different chemotherapy stages (induction stage and consolidation/maintenance stage).

[The Outcome of Severe Aplastic Anemia Children Treated with Reduced Dose of Cyclophosphamide Combined Cyclosporine A].

Objective: To analyze the clinical efficacy and side effects of reduced-dose of cyclophosphamide combined cyclosporine A for severe aplastic anemia(SAA) children.

Methods: Ten pediatric patients with SAA from January 2008 to May 2012 were enrolled. All the patients were treated with reduced dose of cyclophosphamide combined cyclosporine A.

[Clinical features and gene mutation spectrum in children with sideroblastic anemia].

Objective: To study the clinical features and gene mutation spectrum of children with sideroblastic anemia (SA) and the clinical value of targeted next-generation sequencing in the molecular diagnosis of children with SA.

Methods: Clinical data were collected from 36 children with SA. Targeted next-generation sequencing was used to detect mutations in SA-related pathogenic genes and genes associated with heme synthesis and mitochondrial iron metabolism.

[Long-term clinical effect of the CCLG-ALL2008 regimen in treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with different molecular biological features].

Objective: To study the long-term clinical effect of the CCLG-ALL2008 regimen in the treatment of children newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with different molecular biological features.

Methods: A total of 940 children who were newly diagnosed with ALL were enrolled in this study. The children were treated with the CCLG-ALL2008 regimen.

[Clinical features and prognosis of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and different platelet levels].

Objective: To study the association of platelet level at diagnosis with prognosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Methods: A total of 892 children with ALL who underwent chemotherapy with the CCLG-ALL 2008 regimen were enrolled. According to the platelet count at diagnosis, these children were divided into normal platelet count group (platelet count ≥100×109/L; n=263) and thrombocytopenia group (platelet count <100×10/L; n=629).

Propofol may increase caspase and MAPK pathways, and suppress the Akt pathway to induce apoptosis in MA‑10 mouse Leydig tumor cells.

In the western world, there is an increasing trend of occurrence in testicular cancer. Treatment of malignant testicular cancer is primarily combined surgery with various chemical drugs. Propofol has been frequently used as an anesthetic and sedative induction agent, which could modulate different γ‑aminobutyric acid receptors in the central nervous system.

[Mitoxantrone-cytarabine-etoposide induction therapy in children with acute myeloid leukemia: a single-center study of complications and clinical outcomes].

Objective: To investigate the complications and clinical outcome of children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) undergoing mitoxantrone-cytarabine-etoposide (MAE) induction therapy.

Methods: A total of 170 children with AML were given MAE induction therapy, and the complications and remission rate were analyzed after treatment.

Results: The male/female ratio was 1.

Midazolam activates caspase, MAPKs and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways, and inhibits cell cycle and Akt pathway, to induce apoptosis in TM3 mouse Leydig progenitor cells.

Background: Midazolam (MDZ) has powerful hypnosis, amnesia, anti-anxiety and anticonvulsant effects. Studies have shown that prenatally developmental toxicity of diazepam can be observed in many organs/tissues. However, it remains elusive in male reproductive system.

Low level arsenite exposures suppress the development of bone marrow erythroid progenitors and result in anemia in adult male mice.

Epidemiological studies report an association between chronic arsenic (As) exposure and anemia in men, and women who are predisposed to anemia. The purpose of these studies was to determine whether a 60 d drinking water exposure of adult male C57BL/6J mice to 0, 100, and 500ppb arsenite (As) results in anemia due to alterations in erythroid progenitor cell development in the bone marrow. Exposure to 500ppb As for 60 d resulted in a reduction of mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) levels, but did not significantly alter red blood cell (RBC) counts, hemoglobin (Hgb) levels, mean corpuscular Hgb concentrations (MCHC), or mean corpuscular volumes (MCV).

[Clinical characteristics of clonal evolution after immunosuppressive therapy in children with severe/very severe aplastic anemia].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of clonal evolution after immunosuppressive therapy (IST) in children with severe/very severe aplastic anemia (SAA/VSAA).

Methods: The clinical data of 231 children with newly-diagnosed SAA/VSAA who received IST were retrospectively studied. The incidence and risk factors of clonal evolution after IST were analyzed.

Midazolam regulated caspase pathway, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and cell cycle to induce apoptosis in MA-10 mouse Leydig tumor cells.

Purpose: Midazolam is widely used as a sedative and anesthetic induction agent by modulating the different GABA receptors in the central nervous system. Studies have also shown that midazolam has an anticancer effect on various tumors. In a previous study, we found that midazolam could induce MA-10 mouse Leydig tumor cell apoptosis by activating caspase cascade.

[Significance of PAX5 deletion in childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia without reproducible chromosomal abnormalities].

Objective: To identify the incidence of PAX5 deletion in childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) without reproducible chromosomal abnormalities and to investigate the association between PAX5 abnormalities and prognosis of ALL.

Methods: Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification was used to determine the copy numbers of PAX5 gene in children newly diagnosed with B-ALL without reproducible chromosomal abnormalities between April 2008 and April 2013 and controls (children with non-hematologic diseases or tumors). The patients were classifiied into deletion group and non-deletion group based on the presence of PAX5 deletion.

Evaluation of Toxicity in Mouse Bone Marrow Progenitor Cells.

Development of blood cells through hematopoiesis occurs in the bone marrow (BM), and can be adversely impacted by various substances and/or conditions ranging from known therapeutic, intentionally administered xenobiotics to unintentional food additives and exposure to environmental chemicals. The principles underlying the techniques for evaluating toxicity to BM progenitors (erythroid, myeloid, and lymphoid) exploit changes in the normal hematopoietic process, biochemical cell surface and intracellular markers, as well as components of the BM microenvironment. Toxicological investigations following in vivo exposures of mice or in vitro exposures of mouse primary BM cell cultures allow the assessment of the developmental and functional integrity of BM cells, cell population shifts, and adverse biochemical effects due to toxicity.

[Detection of copy number variations in pediatric ETV6/RUNX1-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification].

Objective: To investigate the application of multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) in the detection of copy number variations (CNVs) in pediatric ETV6/RUNX1-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), to compare this method with conventional karyotype analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and to evaluate the value of MLPA.

Methods: The clinical data of 95 children with ETV6/RUNX1-positive ALL who were treated from January 2006 to November 2012 were analyzed retrospectively, including clinical features, results of karyotype analysis, and results of FISH. CNVs were detected with MLPA.

[Significance of IKZF1 gene copy number abnormalities in BCR/ABL-negative B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children].

Objective: To identify IKZF1 gene copy number abnormalities in BCR/ABL-negative B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in children, and to investigate the association between such abnormalities and prognosis.

Methods: Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was applied to detect IKZF1 gene copy number abnormalities in 180 children diagnosed with BCR/ABL-negative B-ALL. These children were classified into IKZF1 deletion group and IKZF1 normal group according to the presence or absence of IKZF1 gene deletion.

[Efficacy and safety of imatinib for the treatment of Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children].

Objective: To study the efficacy and safety of Chinese Childhood Leukemia Group ALL 2008 (CCLG-ALL2008) protocol combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI, imatinib) for the treatment of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children.

Methods: The clinical data of 53 patients aged less than 15 years when first diagnosed with Ph+ ALL between October 2008 and December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were assigned to two groups: HR (n=26) and HR+TKI (n=27).

[Clinical features of children with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with the CCLG-ALL2008 protocol].

Objective: To study the clinical features of children with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated with the CCLG-ALL2008 protocol.

Methods: The data of 591 children who were newly diagnosed with ALL and were treated with the CCLG-ALL 2008 protocol between April 2008 and June 2013 were collected, and the clinical features of 80 children with relapsed ALL were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: After treatment with the CCLG-ALL2008 protocol, the recurrence rate in the standard-risk, intermediate-risk and the high-risk groups were 7.