Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes for patients with CLL using the Australian pharmaceutical benefits scheme (PBS) dataset.

This real-world retrospective cohort study using Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) 10% investigated changes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) treatment by line of therapy, time-to-next-treatment, treatment duration, and overall survival (OS). Overall, 803 patients received their first PBS-reimbursed CLL medication between 1 January 2011 to 31 July 2021 (median age: 70 years; 64.6% male), 289 post-1 August 2020.

Corrigendum: Drug-related problems among transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients: a real-world evidence study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.

Budget impact of increasing uptake of denosumab for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in Malaysia.

Unlabelled: This study evaluated the financial impact of increasing denosumab usage for managing postmenopausal osteoporosis over a 5-year period from the Malaysian healthcare provider's perspective. A gradual moderate increase in denosumab uptake would have a minimal budget impact, with potential savings in fracture treatment expenses. Optimizing denosumab usage could be a cost-effective and potentially affordable strategy to alleviate the economic burden of osteoporosis in Malaysia.

Economic burden of advanced lung cancer patients treated by gefitinib alone and combined with chemotherapy in two regions of China.

Aim: To assess the economic burden of different chemotherapies for lung cancer patients and influencing factors in China.

Materials And Methods: The economic burden of lung cancer, including direct, indirect and intangible costs was measured within three months after diagnosis and treatment. Direct cost included the cost of hospitalization, outpatient visits, out-of-pocket drug purchases, costs of transportation, accommodation and meal expenses while seeking treatments in hospitals.

Drug-related problems among transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients: A real-world evidence study.

Thalassemia is among the most common genetic disorders globally and many patients suffer from iron overload (IOL) complications that mainly affect the heart, liver and endocrine system. These events may be further complicated by drug-related problems (DRP), an inherent issue among patients with chronic diseases. The study aimed to evaluate the burden, associated factors and impacts of DRP in transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) patients.

Patient Access to Orphan Drugs Covered by Medical Insurance in China: Real-World Evidence From Patient Survey.

Background: After the inclusion of more high-cost orphan drugs in China's National Reimbursement Drugs List, this study investigated issues relating to patient access to the 7 medicines for 4 rare diseases after listing.

Methods: This study collected data from a national survey conducted in China. Three aspects associated with the accessibility of medicines, namely, approachability, availability, and affordability, were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Impact of pharmacist-initiated educational interventions on improving medication reconciliation practice in geriatric inpatients during hospital admission in Vietnam.

What Is Known And Objective: Unintentional medication discrepancies (UMDs) are common in geriatric patients during care transitions, resulting in frequent undesirable consequences. Medication reconciliation could be a useful practice to prevent or ameliorate UMD. However, this practice in Vietnamese hospitals has not been well established or standardized.

Implementation and Evaluation of Clinical Pharmacy Services on Improving Quality of Prescribing in Geriatric Inpatients in Vietnam: An Example in a Low-Resources Setting.

Purpose: Geriatric inpatients generally have a high risk of drug-related problems (DRP) in prescribing following hospital admission, which are likely to cause negative clinical consequences. This is particularly evident in developing countries such as Vietnam. Therefore, clinical pharmacy service (CPS) aims to identify and resolve these DRPs to improve the quality use of medicines in the older population following hospital admission.

Implementing clinical pharmacy activities in hospital setting in Vietnam: current status from a national survey.

Background: Clinical pharmacy activities have evolved over the past decades contributing to all stages of the patient care process, especially in the hospital setting. However, these practice roles may differ to a significant extent depending on the healthcare policy of countries. In Vietnam, the magnitude of adopting clinical pharmacy activities in hospital settings throughout the country is still unknown since these activities have been implemented.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Mandarin HeartQoL Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire Among Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease in China.

Objectives: This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Mandarin version of the HeartQoL questionnaire, a core ischemic heart disease (IHD) health-related quality of life (HRQL) instrument, in patients with angina, myocardial infarction (MI), and ischemic heart failure (IHF).

Methods: The English version of HeartQoL was translated into Mandarin. A cross-sectional study was then conducted in mainland China using the Mandarin HeartQoL, Short Form-12 Health Survey, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.

Generation of cardio-protective antibodies after pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine: Early results from a randomised controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Observational studies have demonstrated that the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular events. This may be mediated through IgM antibodies to OxLDL, which have previously been associated with cardioprotective effects. The Australian Study for the Prevention through Immunisation of Cardiovascular Events (AUSPICE) is a double-blind, randomised controlled trial (RCT) of PPV in preventing ischaemic events.

Unintentional Medication Discrepancies at Admission Among Elderly Inpatients with Chronic Medical Conditions in Vietnam: A Single-Centre Observational Study.

Background: Elderly patients are at high risk of unintentional medication discrepancies during transition of care as they are more likely to have multiple comorbidities and chronic diseases that require multiple medications.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the frequency of unintentional medication discrepancies and identify the associated risk factors and potential clinical impact of them in elderly inpatients during hospital admission.

Patients And Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted from July to December 2018 in an 800-bed geriatric hospital in Hanoi, North Vietnam.

Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine is a cost saving strategy for prevention of acute coronary syndrome.

Objective: There is evidence that the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) may reduce cardiovascular disease. We aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of PPV for primary prevention of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the elderly in Australia.

Methods: A Markov model was developed to investigate the costs, QALYs and ICERs of PPV administration in those aged ≥65 years without a history of ACS from the perspective of Australian healthcare system, using elderly-specific clinical data and local costs from Australian Heart Foundation and Australian Institute of Health and Welfare databases.

Mapping Utility Scores From the HeartQoL Questionnaire Into the EQ-5D for Ischemic Heart Disease.

Objective: The HeartQoL is an ischemic heart disease (IHD) core questionnaire. This study aimed to map the HeartQoL to the EQ-5D to provide the specific patients' health status and utility using one instrument.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study investigating IHD patients in China using the Chinese HeartQoL and EQ-5D.

A systematic review of the cost-effectiveness of medicationadherence-enhancing intervention for asthma.

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of medication adherence-improving interventions in patients with asthma. Search engines including PubMed, Scopus and EBSCOhost were used to locate relevant studies from the inception of the databases to 19 October 2018. Drummond's checklist was used to appraise the quality of the economic evaluation.

Depression screening in adults by pharmacists in the community: a systematic review.

Background: Improving the identification of depression in adults in primary care can produce clinical and economic benefits. Community Pharmacists may play a role in screening for depression.

Objective: To systematically review and evaluate the evidence for the feasibility, impact and cost-effectiveness of community pharmacists screening adults for depression.

How Does Preterm Delivery Contribute to the Increased Burden of Cardiovascular Disease? Quantifying the Economic Impact of Cardiovascular Disease in Women with a History of Preterm Delivery.

The association between preterm delivery (PTD) and maternal risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) was demonstrated, but the economic burden of CVD in these women was unknown. A Markov microsimulation model, comprising no event, postacute coronary event (ACE, including acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina), poststroke, post-ACE and stroke, postheart failure, and death, was constructed to quantify the CVD burden in women with PTD from 2017 to 2066 using the Australian health care system perspective. Both first-ever and recurrent CVD events were accounted for in the model.

Quantitative data mining in signal detection: the Singapore experience.

: In Singapore, the Health Sciences Authority (HSA) reviews an average of 20,000 spontaneous adverse event (AE) reports yearly. Potential safety signals are identified manually and discussed on a weekly basis. In this study, we compared the use of four quantitative data mining (QDM) methods with weekly manual review to determine if signals of disproportionate reporting (SDRs) can improve the efficiency of manual reviews and thereby enhance drug safety signal detection.

The cost-effectiveness of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids - The Australian healthcare perspective.

Objectives: To examine the cost-effectiveness of a triglyceride lowering medication-icosapent ethyl added on to statin from Australian healthcare system perspective.

Methods: A Markov-model was developed using data from the pivotal trial of icosapent ethyl in a secondary prevention population. Probabilities of CVD events were derived and extrapolated from the published Kaplan-Meier curve using a valid algorithm.

Impact of pharmaceutical care in the improvement of medication adherence and quality of life for COPD patients in Vietnam.

Background: Medication adherence is an important factor in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the rate of non-adherence to medications is high in COPD and is associated with worsened clinical outcomes and health-related quality of life for patients.

Objectives: Our study aimed to evaluate the impact of a pharmaceutical care program led by pharmacists in the improvement of medication adherence and quality of life for COPD patients in Vietnam.

Budget impact analysis of increasing prescription of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors drugs to standard anti-hypertensive treatments in patients with diabetes and hypertension in a hypothetical cohort of Malaysian population.

Introduction: Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RAS) drugs have a proteinuria-reducing effect that could prevent the progression of kidney disease in diabetic patients. Our study aimed to assess the budget impact based on healthcare payer perspective of increasing uptake of RAS drugs into the current treatment mix of standard anti-hypertensive treatments to prevent progression of kidney disease in patient's comorbid with hypertension and diabetes.

Methods: A Markov model of a Malaysian hypothetical cohort aged ≥30 years (N = 14,589,900) was used to estimate the total and per-member-per-month (PMPM) costs of RAS uptake.

Modelled Economic Evaluation of Nivolumab for the Treatment of Second-Line Advanced or Metastatic Squamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in Australia Using Both Partition Survival and Markov Models.

Objectives: To assess the cost-effectiveness of nivolumab for patients with advanced or metastatic squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progressed on or after platinum-based chemotherapy using a modelled economic evaluation.

Methods: Both partition survival (PS) and Markov models, comprised of three health states, were adopted to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of nivolumab compared to docetaxel from an Australian healthcare system perspective with a 6-year time horizon. Reconstructed individual patient data (IPD) were derived from published Kaplan-Meier curves from the pivotal trial for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) using a validated algorithm.

Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine associated with reduced lengths of stay for cardiovascular events hospital admissions: Experience from the Hunter Community Study.

Background: The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) has been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular events in human observational studies. Animal studies suggest that the phosphorylcholine epitope in the Streptococcus pneumoniae cell wall is structurally similar to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), hence PPV induces the production of antibodies that cross-react with anti-oxLDL and may cause regression of atherosclerotic plaque. We set out to determine the strength of association between PPV administration and reduction in cardiovascular events.

Effectiveness of a short training program for community pharmacists to improve knowledge and practice of asthma counselling - A simulated patient study.

Objective: Community pharmacists can make significant contributions and be an indispensable member in the asthma therapy chain. The present study aimed to investigate the current knowledge level of Vietnamese community pharmacists in asthma counselling and the impact of a short training program on asthma knowledge and practice.

Method: 300 community pharmacists participated in the study.