Mitophagy suppresses motor neuron necroptotic mitochondrial damage and alleviates necroptosis that converges to SARM1 in acrylamide-induced dying-back neuropathy.

Acrylamide (ACR), a common industrial ingredient that is also found in many foodstuffs, induces dying-back neuropathy in humans and animals. However, the mechanisms remain poorly understood. Sterile alpha and toll/interleukin 1 receptor motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1) is the central determinant of axonal degeneration and has crosstalk with different cell death programs to determine neuronal survival.

Mitochondrial Localization of SARM1 in Acrylamide Intoxication Induces Mitophagy and Limits Neuropathy.

Sterile α and toll/interleukin 1 receptor motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1) is the defining molecule and central executioner of programmed axon death, also known as Wallerian degeneration. SARM1 has a mitochondrial targeting sequence, and it can bind to and stabilize PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) for mitophagy induction, but the deletion of the mitochondrial localization sequence is found to disrupt the mitochondrial localization of SARM1 in neurons without altering its ability to promote axon degeneration after axotomy. The biological significance of SARM1 mitochondrial localization remains elusive.

Advances in Unhealthy Nutrition and Circadian Dysregulation in Pathophysiology of NAFLD.

Unhealthy diets and lifestyle result in various metabolic conditions including metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Much evidence indicates that disruption of circadian rhythms contributes to the development and progression of excessive hepatic fat deposition and inflammation, as well as liver fibrosis, a key characteristic of non-steatohepatitis (NASH) or the advanced form of NAFLD. In this review, we emphasize the importance of nutrition as a critical factor in the regulation of circadian clock in the liver.

Tributyltin perturbs femoral cortical architecture and polar moment of inertia in rat.

Background: Tributyltin, a well-known endocrine disruptor, is widely used in agriculture and industry. Previous studies have shown that tributyltin could cause deleterious effects on bone health by impairing the adipo-osteogenic balance in bone marrow.

Methods: To investigate further the effects of tributyltin on bone, weaned male SD rats were treated with tributyltin (0.

Investigating the Size-Dependent Binding of Pristine nC to Bovine Serum Albumin by Multi-Spectroscopic Techniques.

The morphology of nanomaterials may affect their interaction with biomacromolecules such as proteins. Previous work has studied the size-dependent binding of pristine nC to bovine/human serum albumin using the fluorometric method and found that the fluorescence inner filter effect might affect this interaction. However, if it is necessary to accurately calculate and obtain binding information, the fluorescence inner filter effect should not be ignored.

Tributyltin reduces bone mineral density by reprograming bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rat.

Tributyltin (TBT), a proven endocrine disrupter, was widely used in industry and agriculture. Previous research showed that TBT could alter the balance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis, which may have significant consequences for bone health. Herein, we exposed male rats to TBT chloride (TBTCl) to evaluate the deleterious effects of TBT on bone.

The Role of NF mRNA and Calpain in NF Reduction of Acrylamide Neuropathy.

The purpose of this study was to study the role of neurofilament (NF) mRNA and calpain in NF reduction of acrylamide (ACR) neuropathy. Male Wistar adult rats were injected i.p.

Role of oxidative/nitrative stress in hepatic encephalopathy induced by thioacetamide.

The study was designed to reveal the pathogenic mechanism of peroxynitrite in hepatic encephalopathy (HE), assess oxidative/nitrative stress in relation to HE induced by thiacetamide (TAA) and provide new ideas and scientific basis for the etiology and treatment of HE. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups randomly: A (control), B (model), C (ebselen) and D (solvent). All the groups were treated with TAA by intraperitoneal (i.

Fructo-oligosaccharides enhance the mineral absorption and counteract the adverse effects of phytic acid in mice.

Objective: We explored the effects of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and phytic acid (PA) on the absorption of minerals and their interaction.

Methods: A 3 x 2 factorial experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of FOS (in the presence or absence of PA) on the apparent absorption rate of minerals and the mineral status (plasma, hepatic, and bone) in mice. Sixty Kun-Ming mice were randomized into six groups: basal diet group; basal diet+1% PA group (PA); basal diet+0.

The microcontact imprinting of proteins: the effect of cross-linking monomers for lysozyme, ribonuclease A and myoglobin.

The performance of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) is of interest to researchers in the field of analytical chemistry, and in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Because the choice of the functional monomer(s) plays a key role in the selectivity of a MIP, the synthesis of an effective, tight-binding MIP can be difficult and time-consuming, involving the evaluation of the binding performance of MIPs of many different compositions. In this study, we report an express method combining molecular imprinting and microcontact printing techniques to prepare a polymer thin film as an artificial antibody.

[Study of anti-atherosclerosic effect of grape seed extract and its mechanism].

In order to observe the anti-atherosclerosic effect of the grape seed extract and its mechanism, the 50C57/6J mice are divided randomly into 5 group (normal control group, hyperlipidemia model group, low and high grape seed extract groups(0.2 mg/gBW, 0.6 mg/gBW), and drug control group(0.