Medullary pyramids opacification in high-grade vesicoureteral reflux associated with posterior urethral valve.

Posterior urethral valve (PUV) is a common cause of obstructive uropathy in children, leading to renal failure and frequently associated with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), which can rapidly progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We describe a rare presentation of high-grade VUR opacifying the renal pyramids in a 5-month-old child with sepsis and renal failure.

Challenges and gender-based differences for women in the Indian urological workforce: Results of a survey.

Introduction: Entry of women into urology has not kept pace with that in other surgical branches with only 1% of Urological Society of India (USI) members being female. The objective of this study was to explore the personal and professional challenges, practice barriers, and level of satisfaction among female urologists/urology trainees in India.

Methods: A strictly confidential and anonymous 26-item questionnaire with respect to professional and personal challenges, workplace discrimination, and family satisfaction was circulated as a Google form through email and WhatsApp to all the female members of the USI (full and associate) and trainees ( = 48) based on identification from the USI directory.

Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) in predicting systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL).

The objective of this prospective observational study was to assess the clinical significance of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) as potential biomarkers to identify post-PNL SIRS or sepsis. Demographic data and laboratory data including hemoglobin (Hb), total leucocyte count (TLC), serum creatinine, urine microscopy and culture were collected. The NLR, LMR and PLR were calculated by the mathematical division of their absolute values derived from routine complete blood counts from peripheral blood samples.

Acute Kidney Injury Post-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PNL): Prospective Outcomes from a University Teaching Hospital.

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) is a significant complication, but evidence on its incidence is bereft in the literature. The objective of this prospective observational study was to analyze the incidence of post-PNL AKI and the potential risk factors and outcomes. Demographic data collected included age, gender, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes mellitus), and drug history-particularly angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors), angiotensin II receptor blockers and beta blockers.

Fused Supernumerary Kidney Presenting as Total Urinary Incontinence.

Supernumerary kidney, a rare congenital anomaly, defined as an additional kidney with a separate capsule, collecting system and blood supply draining into the native ureter or a separate ureter. Small fused supernumerary units may be difficult to differentiate from renal moiety with complete separate ectopic ureter without complete evaluation. We report a case of a supernumerary kidney fused with the capsule of ipsilateral kidney with a separate complete ureter draining into the introitus of a young female thereby presenting as total incontinence of urine.

High insertion of cystic duct at the gallbladder fundus: An undescribed anomaly!

The anatomy of the biliary tree is complex, and its variations of both intra- and extra-hepatic bile ducts can be found in approximately 30% of the general population. These variations are not picked up on routine pre-operative investigations of patients planned for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and often present as an unusual 'surprise' and a challenge that can make dissection in the Calot's triangle difficult leading to iatrogenic injury. We present a case of a 53-year-old female with an undescribed anomaly encountered during an LC.