Bacterial metabolite butyrate in modulating sorafenib-targeted microRNAs to curtail its resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background And Aim: The host dietary fibre is fermented into short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) by intestinal microbiota as bacterial metabolites like propionate, acetate and butyrate. Among these metabolites, the role of butyrate is well documented to provide energy to intestinal epithelial cells. Also, butyrate has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour properties and decrease in its level by unbalanced diet can develops cancer.

miR-23b-3p Modulating Cytoprotective Autophagy and Glutamine Addiction in Sorafenib Resistant HepG2, a Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common malignancy with increasing cancer deaths worldwide. HCC is mainly diagnosed at its advanced stage, and treatment with FDA-approved sorafenib, the multikinase inhibitor drug, is advised. Acquired resistance against sorafenib develops through several pathways involving hypoxia, autophagy, high glycolysis, or glutaminolysis.

Circulating metabolite biomarkers: a game changer in the human prostate cancer diagnosis.

Purpose: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men in Western and Asian countries. Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test has been the routine diagnostic method despite the tremendous research in diagnostic markers for early detection of PCa. A shift towards a promising and potential biomarker for PCa detection is through metabolomic profiling of biofluids, particularly the blood and urine samples.

Repertoires of MicroRNA-30 family as gate-keepers in lung cancer.

Lung cancer is a prominent global health issue responsible for the highest fraction of cancer-related mortality. The disease burden has incited the investigation of associated molecular pathways, to explore better therapeutic possibilities. MicroRNAs are extensively studied in recent years for their pivotal role in the regulation of several tumorigenic pathways.

Genotyping of multi drug resistant Bacteroides fragilis group of clinical isolates from mangalore, south India.

Introduction: Bacteroides fragilis group, the most encountered anaerobic bacterium is emerging with resistance to antibiotics. This study explores the antibiogram and occurrence of resistance genes in isolates of B fragilis group from clinical samples.

Method: In this study the antimicrobial susceptibility test was done using commercially available E strip test and the results were recorded according to CLSI guidelines.

Vimentin as a potential therapeutic target in sorafenib resistant HepG2, a HCC model cell line.

Background/aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver cancer with high mortality rate in patients suffering from liver diseases. The drug of choice used in advanced-stage of HCC is sorafenib. However, adaptive resistance has been observed in HCC patients undergoing long-term sorafenib treatment, lowering its effectiveness.

Association of liver cirrhosis severity with type 2 diabetes mellitus in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major risk factor associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the association of T2DM with liver cirrhosis and therapy response in HCC patients is not clear. Hence, in this study, we have evaluated the influence of T2DM on liver cirrhosis severity of HCC and sorafenib response.

Sorafenib response in hepatocellular carcinoma: MicroRNAs as tuning forks.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the primary liver malignancy that contributes towards the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality. The targeted chemotherapeutic agent, sorafenib, is known to show a statistically significant but limited overall survival advantage in advanced HCC. However, the individual patient response towards sorafenib varies drastically, with most experiencing stable disease and few with partial response; complete response is very rare.

Crosstalk between microRNA-122 and FOX family genes in HepG2 cells.

MicroRNA-122 (miR-122) is liver specific and plays an important role in physiology as well as diseases including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Downregulation of miR-122 in HCC modulates apoptosis. Similarly, the putative targets of miR-122, the forkhead box (FOX) family genes also play an important role in the regulation of apoptosis.

Equilibrium dissociation and unfolding of human papillomavirus E2 transactivation domain.

Papillomavirus E2 protein that performs essential functions such as viral oncogene expression and replication represents specific target for therapeutic intervention. DNA-binding activity is associated with its C-terminal DNA-binding domain (DBD), while the N-terminal transactivation domain (TAD) is responsible for replication and transactivation functions. Although both demonstrate large dependence on dimerization for mediating their functions, KD for N-terminal dimerization is significantly high suggesting more dynamic role of this domain.