Effect of psychoeducation in late life depression: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Depression is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, and after the global pandemic COVID-19, it has become even more worse. The treatment of depression should involve pharmacological treatment along with the various kinds of psychotherapies (non-pharmacological management). This study aims to determine the result of psychoeducation in late-life depression by using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17 items (HAMD) and Geriatric Depression Scale (Hindi version) (GDS-H).

The definition of treatment resistance in anxiety disorders: a Delphi method-based consensus guideline.

Anxiety disorders are very prevalent and often persistent mental disorders, with a considerable rate of treatment resistance which requires regulatory clinical trials of innovative therapeutic interventions. However, an explicit definition of treatment-resistant anxiety disorders (TR-AD) informing such trials is currently lacking. We used a Delphi method-based consensus approach to provide internationally agreed, consistent and clinically useful operational criteria for TR-AD in adults.

Investigating the impact of adjunctive priming repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in late-life depression: a pilot single-blind randomized control study.

Background: Conventional treatment methods have limited effectiveness in addressing late-life depression (LLD) that does not respond well. While a new approach called priming repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has shown promise in treating depression in adults, its effectiveness in LLD has not been explored. This study aimed to investigate the impact of priming rTMS on LLD.

Indian Psychiatric Society multicentre study: Diagnostic patterns, comorbidity and prescription practices for patients with Dementia.

Background: There are more than 5 million people with dementia in India. Multicentre studies looking at details of treatment for people with dementia In India are lacking. Clinical audit is a quality improvement process which aims to systematically assess, evaluate, and improve patient care.

Effect of priming on adjunctive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in treatment of late-life depression: protocol of a prospective randomized sham-controlled study.

Objective: Priming stimulation, which involves high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) followed by low-frequency, has been shown to enhance neural response and is one of the novel paradigms found beneficial in adult patients with depression and has not been studied in late-life depression (LLD). This study aims to compare the effect of adjunctive priming vis-a-vis no priming rTMS over right dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), on treatment of LLD.

Methods: This trial is registered in Clinical Trial Registry-India (CTRI) on www.

Aripiprazole as First-Line Therapy for Late-Life Depression: A Case Note Review.

Background: Aripiprazole, structurally considered a third-generation antipsychotic agent, is an effective adjuvant strategy for managing treatment-resistant depression. It has been used successfully as an add-on agent in late-life depression (LLD), but there are no controlled trials on its use as first-line therapy, either alone or in combination with an antidepressant.

Methods: This is a case note review of aripiprazole prescribed to outpatients with LLD as a first-line therapy either in combination with an antidepressant or as a monotherapy.

Delirium Assessment and Management in Geriatric Psychiatry under Prevailing Indian Laws (MHCA 2017).

The Indian Mental Health Care Act of 2017 (the Act) focuses on the human rights of persons with mental illness. It is based on the individual's dignity, autonomy, and independence with a client-centered approach. Delirium is frequently seen in the hospitalized geriatric population, more commonly in medical and surgical wards, and much less frequently in psychiatry wards.

Metals toxicity and its correlation with the gene expression in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly population and a leading cause of dementia. Genetics and environmental risk factors were considered to play a major role in the onset of the disease. This study aimed to examine the correlation between different metals levels and the gene expression in Alzheimer's patients with age-matched control subjects.

Effect of psychoeducation on short-term outcome in patients with late life depression: A randomized control trial - Protocol.

Background: This is the PhD thesis protocol of an ongoing study entitled 'Effect of Psychoeducation on short- term outcome in patients with Late Life Depression: A Randomized Control Trial'. Psychoeducation is a proof-based therapeutic intervention for patients and their caretakers/family members that provides plenty of information and support for better understanding and coping up with the illness, which is being diagnosed.

Aim: The aim is to examine the effect of psychoeducation on short- term outcome in patients with late life depression.

Sialic acid associated with oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) expression level as a predictive indicator in moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Several studies have shown many risk factors associated with disease onset, but the sialic acid association with oxidative stress biomarkers may a key factor in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aim to find out the most specific biomarker from the peripheral blood samples in moderate to severe Alzheimer's patients.

Methods: This study examined the level of sialic acid associated with oxidative stress biomarkers and total antioxidant capacity level (TAC) in the plasma samples.

A pilot study of MD (psychiatry) theses-based research.

Introduction: Undertaking a research project is mandatory for MD Psychiatry trainees. The present study was undertaken to assess the type of research activity being undertaken as part of MD Psychiatry dissertation, and its contribution to national and international literature.

Materials And Methods: Three medical colleges supplied the data about the topic, names of the supervisor and the candidate, collaboration, funding accrued, and publication details of MD-based research carried out between years 2000 and 2010 inclusive; 95 records were collected for the final analysis.

Single bright light exposure decreases sweet taste threshold in healthy volunteers.

Introduction: Bright light exposure can alter circulating serotonin levels, and alteration of available serotonin by acute selective serotonin reuptake inhibition significantly lowers sweet but not salt taste recognition thresholds. We tested the hypothesis that bright light exposure would increase sweet but not salt taste sensitivity in healthy adults.

Methods: Fourteen healthy volunteers were exposed to bright (10,000 lux) and dim (<20 lux) light for 30 min each, in counterbalanced order.

Recollection deficiencies in patients with major depressive disorder.

Neuropsychological research suggests that recognition memory (RM) and recall memory are impaired in patients with a major depressive disorder or a dysphoric mood state. This study examines the proposal that abnormalities in recollection (a form of recall) result from a breakdown in frontal strategic memory processes involved in encoding and retrieval, and executive functions linked to reality monitoring, planning, problem-solving, reasoning and decision-making. We investigated two predictions arising from this theory.

Antidepressant-induced jitteriness/anxiety syndrome: systematic review.

Background: Early worsening of anxiety, agitation and irritability are thought to be common among people commencing antidepressants, especially for anxiety disorders. This phenomenon, which may be termed jitteriness/anxiety syndrome, is cited as an explanation for early treatment failure and caution in using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). However, we believe that it is inconsistently defined and that robust evidence to support the phenomenon is lacking.

Auditory recognition memory, conscious recollection, and executive function in patients with schizophrenia.

Background: Dual-process models propose that recognition memory (RM) involves two processes: conscious recollection and familiarity-aware memory. Studies investigating RM in schizophrenia report a selective deficit in conscious recollection and intact levels of familiarity-driven RM for stimuli presented in the visual and olfactory domains. It has been suggested that abnormalities in conscious recollection result from a breakdown in frontal strategic memory processes involved in encoding and retrieval and executive functions linked to reality monitoring and decision making.

A three-year naturalistic follow-up of patients receiving clozapine: Report from India.

Introduction: Clozapine is a first-line drug for treatment-resistant schizophrenia, but studies dealing with long-term outcome are lacking, so we decided to carry out such a study.

Methods: Patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia who were recruited in an open-label study three years ago were re-evaluated using the same parameters: BPRS, PANSS and a side-effect rating checklist.

Results: Nineteen out of 25 patients who participated in the initial study were available for re-evaluation.