Uncatalyzed and acid-aided microwave hydrothermal carbonization of orange peel waste.

Orange, one of the most important fruit categories to be consumed across the world, when processed produces 50% of its weight as waste. Current waste management options for orange peel waste are inadequate to use the waste in wholesome and its disposal might lead to other environmental concerns. Here, we present microwave hydrothermal carbonization as an alternative to utilize the orange peel waste.

Optimization and characterization of hydrochar produced from microwave hydrothermal carbonization of fish waste.

Fish processing results in large amounts of solid and liquid wastes that are unsustainably dumped into oceans and landfills. Alternative sustainable technologies that completely utilize seafood wastes are needed. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) that converts moisture-rich biomass into hydrochar is mostly employed for pure lignocellulosic biowaste.