Renal Transplant in a Child With the Donor Kidney Having 2 Renal Arteries.

Kidney transplant has become the preferred renal replacement therapy for children with end-stage renal disease. The results of kidney transplant have improved enormously due to advances in organ procurement, organ preservation, surgical techniques, and immunosuppressive regimens. Renal transplant is a more cost-effective method versus hemodialysis and provides better quality of life.

Unravelling the intricacies of Porphyromonas gingivalis: virulence factors, lifecycle dynamics and phytochemical interventions for periodontal disease management.

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a gram-negative anaerobic bacterium recognized for its pivotal role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. This review covers an overview of the virulence factors and lifecycle stages of P. gingivalis, with a specific focus on attachment and colonization, biofilm formation, growth and multiplication, dormancy survival and dissemination.

Use of TP4303 to identify prostate cancer cells in voided urine samples.

Introduction: Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy in men worldwide. Genomic VPAC receptors are expressed on malignant prostate cancer cells and can be targeted and imaged optically by a peptide labeled fluorophore. The objective of our study was to assess the feasibility of detecting cancer of the prostate using a voided urine sample.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Cystectomy: a Single-Center Experience.

Nearly 50% of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with cystectomy alone will progress to metastatic disease. Surgery alone is not a sufficient therapy in a large number of patients with invasive bladder cancer. Systemic therapy with cisplatin-based chemotherapy has been shown to provide response rates in several bladder cancer studies.

Diagnosis of Oral Cancers by Targeting VPAC Receptors: Preliminary Report.

Introduction: Oral cancer is a major health problem. The study of exfoliative cytology material helps in the differentiation of premalignant and malignant alterations of oral lesions. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of detecting oral cancer by targeting genomic VPAC (combined vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide) receptors expressed on malignant oral cancer cells.

Risk Factors for Bladder Cancer: Results of a Survey of Hospital Patients.

Introduction: Several risk factors have been identified in the occurrence of bladder cancer. These include genetic and hereditary factors, smoking and tobacco use, increased body mass index, occupational exposure to certain chemicals and dyes, medical conditions such as chronic cystitis and infectious diseases such as schistosomiasis. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors in patients with bladder cancer.

Role of color Doppler assessment in predicting outcomes of wrist Brescia-Cimino arteriovenous fistula creation: A single-center prospective study.

Introduction: The most common reason for constructing an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is chronic kidney disease. Various factors are associated with nonmaturation or failure of AVF, which can be evaluated using color Doppler/duplex ultrasound (DUS). We carried out this study to evaluate the role of pre- and postoperative DUS for the prediction of outcomes of wrist radiocephalic (RC) AVF.

Effect of ( Mill) on Letrozole Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Swiss Albino Mice.

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the predominant endocrine abnormality in premenopausal women characterised by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, metabolic disturbances such as, insulin resistance and obesity.

Aim: The key objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of as a treatment drug to identify the factors among female Swiss albino mice (PCOS) models displaying ovarian and metabolic abnormalities and serum sex steroids that are associated with insulin sensitivity.

Study Setting And Design: The laboratory breed 4 months adult virgin female Swiss albino mice showing regular estrous cycle and weighing about 20-30 g were employed in present study under CPCSEA guidelines with ethical clearance from the institutional ethical committee.

Hypoehoic lesions on Transrectal Ultrasound and its correlation to Gleason grade in the diagnosis of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer: A Prospective Study.

The importance of hypoechoic lesions on transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) merits re-assessment in the present era of widespread prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. We aimed to investigate the predictive accuracy of hypoechoic lesions on TRUS of prostate in the diagnosis of prostate cancer and to examine the association of hypoechoic lesions with the aggressiveness of prostate cancer. This prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care center in South India from November 2017 to December 2019.

Detection of bladder cancer using voided urine sample and by targeting genomic VPAC receptors.

Introduction: Cells exfoliated into urine from the bladder can help to diagnose the cancer. The objective of this study was to validate the hypothesis that bladder cancer could be detected noninvasively by a simple and reliable assay targeting genomic VPAC (combined vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide family of cell surface receptors) receptors expressed on the malignant bladder cancer cells shed in the voided urine.

Methods: Patients ≥18 years of age with either imaging (ultrasonography/computed tomography [CT])-confirmed bladder tumors or those who have been previously treated for nonmuscle invasive bladder tumors and were visiting the department for check cystoscopy, formed the study group.

Voided urine test to diagnose prostate cancer: Preliminary report.

Objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common malignancy affecting elderly male. At present, PCa is estimated using serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Prostate biopsy remains the gold standard to confirm the diagnosis of PCa.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in children.

Introduction: The high success rates of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in the clearance of large renal calculi has made it a primary mode of surgical management in adults. Similarly, in children too PCNL has been gaining ground and the indications for the same are on the rise. We retrospectively evaluated the safety and efficacy of this technique, in children below 18 years of age.

Modified Inguinal Lymph Node Dissection in Groin-Negative Patients of Penile Cancer: Our Experience.

Cancer of the penis is an important health problem in India, causing significant morbidity. Involvement of locoregional lymph nodes is the most significant prognostic factor for patients with penile cancer. In this study, we reviewed clinical data of all patients who underwent modified inguinal lymph node dissection as a means to diagnose micro-metastasis in inguinal lymph nodes, and analysed the outcomes.

Therapeutic ureteroscopy for urolithiasis in children younger than 60 months of age.

Purpose: The management of urinary tract calculi has evolved dramatically in children with the development of smaller and more durable endoscopic equipment. The indications for therapeutic ureteroscopy in children have significantly expanded with the availability of smaller caliber endoscopes and Holmium:YAG laser. In this paper, we review our experience of the management of urolithiasis and report outcomes of therapeutic ureterorenoscopy (URS) in children younger than 60 months.

Postpercutaneous Nephrolithotomy Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction.

Percutaneous endoscopic renal surgery such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a safe and effective treatment for patients with large and/or complex renal calculi. However, a unique set of complications can occur with this surgical approach that may involve the targeted kidney and surrounding structures. Renal collecting system obstruction after PCNL is rare, but may result from ureteral avulsion, stricture formation, transient mucosal edema, blood clot, or infundibular stenosis.

Association of erectile dysfunction and type II diabetes mellitus at a tertiary care centre of south India.

Background And Aims: Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is more common in diabetic men and, unfortunately, occurs at an earlier age in diabetic patients when compared with the general population. The study aims to evaluate the independent predictors of ED in adult men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) at a tertiary care center of South India.

Methods: A total of 720 men aged 30-70 years who had been diagnosed with type 2 DM were enrolled for the study from January 2017 to January 2020 from the outpatient diabetes clinic of the Hospital.

Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in an Elderly Female with Severe Kyphoscoliosis: Modified Prone Position.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is one of the important options in the management of large (>2 cms) and complex renal calculi. Traditionally the prone position has been used to access the pelvicaliceal system as well as to remove renal calculi. Several modifications to this position have been suggested and reported by several urologists.

Adrenal leiomyosarcoma in a young adult male.

Leiomyosarcomas are known to typically originate from smooth muscle cell. Primary adrenal leiomyosarcoma is an extremely rare mesenchymal tumor associated with delayed diagnosis and poor prognosis. We report a rare case of leiomyosarcoma arising from the left adrenal gland in a 27-year-old male who presented with left side back ache.

Bleeding angiomyolipoma mimiking a ruptured adrenal tumour.

Angiomyolipoma is a benign neoplasm of the kidney, and is the most common renal tumour associated with haemorrhage. Risk of bleeding increases with the size of the angiomyolipoma. We report a case of spontaneous bleeding from an upper polar renal angiomyolipoma mimicking a spontaneous adrenal bleed from a pheochromocytoma.

Nephron Sparing Surgery for Synchronous Bilateral Wilms-Operative Steps.

Approximately 5% of children with Wilms tumor present with bilateral disease. The treatment challenge is to achieve a high cure rate while maintaining adequate long-term renal function. We report the feasibility and outcome of nephron sparing surgery in a child with bilateral Wilms tumor who was treated at our institution.

Bladder Invasion in Patients with Advanced Colorectal Carcinoma.

Involvement of the bladder by colorectal cancer is sufficiently rare to be encountered by an individual surgeon on an infrequent basis. Extirpative procedures for advanced colorectal cancers can involve partial/total bladder resections. In patients without evidence of distant metastatic disease, a reasonable therapeutic effect can be expected when negative surgical margins are obtained.