Conjugal transfer of PMQR from uropathogenic E.coli under high ciprofloxacin selection pressure generates gyrA mutation.

Incidence of high fluoroquinolone resistance has been rising rapidly worldwide. Resistance against fluoroquinolones can be either chromosomal or plasmid mediated. Plasmid mediated quinolone resistant(PMQR) genes impart low level of resistance against fluoroquinolones but provides favorable background for selection of additional chromosomally encoded resistance mechanisms.

Incidence and risk of co-transmission of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance and extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes in fluoroquinolone-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli: a first study from Kolkata, India.

Objectives: Co-resistance to fluoroquinolones and β-lactams results in treatment complications for uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) infections. This study aimed to detect the coexistence and co-transmission of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes in UPEC from Kolkata, India.

Methods: Escherichia coli was detected biochemically from culture-positive urine samples.

Phylogenetic background of E. coli isolated from asymptomatic pregnant women from Kolkata, India.

Introduction: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) in pregnancy generates medical complications. E. coli is the common etiologic agent responsible for ABU-associated infections.

Molecular Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli: Nalidixic Acid and Ciprofloxacin Resistance, Virulent Factors and Phylogenetic Background.

Background And Objective: A proficient pathogen should be virulent, resistant to antibiotics, and epidemic. However, the interplay between resistance and virulence is poorly understood. Perhaps, the most commonly accepted view is that resistance to quinolones is linked to a loss of virulence factors.

Multidrug-Resistance and Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Production in Uropathogenic E. Coli which were Isolated from Hospitalized Patients in Kolkata, India.

Background And Objective: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are mostly caused by Escherichia coli. The appropriate therapy demands a current knowledge on the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern amongst these pathogens, as an inappropriate use of antibiotics may lead to complications and treatment failure. The UTIs which are caused by multidrug resistant Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria further pose a severe problem, as the treatment options are limited.

Effect of subinhibitory concentrations of ciprofloxacin on Mycobacterium fortuitum mutation rates.

Objectives: Fluoroquinolones have found a place in the management of mycobacterial diseases including tuberculosis. It has been previously shown that subinhibitory concentrations of quinolones increase the mutation rate in Escherichia coli and staphylococci. The purpose of this study is to extend this observation to mycobacteria and to quantify mutation rates.