Characterization of Cell Wall Compositions of Sodium Azide-Induced Brittle Mutant Lines in IR64 Variety and Its Potential Application.

The rice brittle culm is a cell wall composition changed mutant suitable for studying mechanical strength in rice. However, a thorough investigation of brittle culm has been limited due to the lack of diverse brittle mutants on similar genetic backgrounds in cell walls. In this study, we obtained 45 various brittle mutant lines (BMLs) from the IR64 mutant pool induced by sodium azide mutagenesis using the finger-bending method and texture profile analysis.

Machine Learning Analysis of Factors Influencing Pediatric Telehealth Visits During COVID-19: A State-Level Comparison Using 2021-22 National Survey of Children's Health Data.

: The COVID-19 pandemic reduced in-person pediatric visits in the United States by over 50%, while telehealth visits increased significantly. The national use of telehealth for children and the factors influencing their use have been rarely studied. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of telehealth use during the COVID-19 pandemic and explore the potential factors linked to its use at the state level.

Targeting sphingosine 1-phosphate and sphingosine kinases in pancreatic cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Pancreatic cancer is known to be the most lethal cancer. Fewer new treatments are being developed for pancreatic cancer as compared to other cancers. The bioactive lipid S1P, which is mainly regulated by sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) and sphingosine kinase 2 (SK2) enzymes, plays significant roles in pancreatic cancer initiation and exacerbation.

trans-chalcone ameliorates CCl4-induced acute liver injury by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress and inflammation.

Acute liver injury serves as a crucial marker for detecting liver damage due to toxic, viral, metabolic, and autoimmune exposures. Due to the response to adverse external stimuli and various cellular homeostasis, Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), Oxidative stress, and Inflammation have great potential for treating liver injury. Trans-chalcones (TC) is a polyphenolic compound derived from a natural plant with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory abilities.

Antioxidant genes in cancer and metabolic diseases: Focusing on Nrf2, Sestrin, and heme oxygenase 1.

Reactive oxygen species are involved in the pathogenesis of cancers and metabolic diseases, including diabetes, obesity, and fatty liver disease. Thus, inhibiting the generation of free radicals is a promising strategy to control the onset of metabolic diseases and cancer progression. Various synthetic drugs and natural product-derived compounds that exhibit antioxidant activity have been reported to have a protective effect against a range of metabolic diseases and cancer.

Trajectory Analysis for Identifying Classes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Children of the United States.

Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a mental health disorder that affects attention and behavior. People with ADHD frequently encounter challenges in social interactions, facing issues, like social rejection and difficulties in interpersonal relationships, due to their inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity.

Methods: A National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) database was employed to identify patterns of ADHD symptoms.

Community health workers' barriers and facilitators to use a novel mHealth tool for motivational interviewing to improve adherence to care among youth living with HIV in rural Nepal.

Adherence to treatment regimens is a common challenge in achieving HIV control, especially among youth. Motivational Interviewing (MI) is an evidence-based intervention to facilitate behavior change (such as adherence to treatment) by focusing on the client's priorities and motivations. Community Health Workers (CHWs), who are well situated to engage clients for care, can use MI but studies have shown that they often lose MI skills.

Post-Coronavirus Disease-2019 Rhino-orbital Mucormycosis: A Case Report.

Background: Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is a rare, opportunistic, angio-invasive, and fatal infection caused by mold fungi of the genera Rhizopus, Mucor, and Rhizomucor. The global incidence of ROCM is 0.005-1.

Recombinant Bile Salt Hydrolase Enhances the Inhibition Efficiency of Taurodeoxycholic Acid against Virulence.

is the main pathogen of chicken necrotic enteritis (NE) causing huge economic losses in the poultry industry. Although dietary secondary bile acid deoxycholic acid (DCA) reduced chicken NE, the accumulation of conjugated tauro-DCA (TDCA) raised concerns regarding DCA efficacy. In this study, we aimed to deconjugate TDCA by bile salt hydrolase (BSH) to increase DCA efficacy against the NE pathogen .

Good agricultural practices (GAP) adoption intensity and production constraints in apple orchards of western Nepal.

The declaration of 'Fruits Decade 2016/17-2026/27' and the enaction of the 'NepalGAP Scheme' by the Government of Nepal has redirected increased public investments to promote apple production and marketability in the western high hills of Nepal. This study explores major good agricultural practices (GAP) related to orchard management, factors influencing their adoption intensity, and key underlying constraints to production using cross-sectional survey data from apple growers in Dolpa district, Nepal. The results showed that farmers mostly adopted GAP such as frequent weeding, intercropping, and nutrient management in apple orchards.

Effects of a dietary intervention on cardiometabolic risk and food consumption in a workplace.

Background: Worksite-based health programs have shown positive impacts on employee health and have led to significant improvements in cardiovascular risk factor profiles. We aimed to determine the effect of cafeteria intervention on cardio-metabolic risk factors diet in a worksite setting (Dhulikhel Hospital) in Nepal.

Methods: In this one-arm pre-post intervention study, we recruited 277 non-pregnant hospital employees aged 18-60 with prediabetes or pre-hypertension.

Framework for assessing bridge quality index based on the correlation of non-destructive test results.

This paper presents the new method for quality indexing of bridge components on the basis of non-destructive tests (NDT) for the assessment of the structural condition of Reinforced Concrete (RC) bridges. For the purpose of establishing indexing values, results obtained from the Electrical Resistivity Test (ERT), Rebound Hammer Test (RHT), Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test (UPVT), and visual inspection were used as the NDT variables. The radar plot for index determination is based on the area of the polygon whose vertices are formed on the basis of the correlation coefficient between NDT variables.

A 5 kg giant breast lipoma in a 40-year-old woman: a case report.

Introduction And Importance: Lipomas are benign tumours composed of adipocytes surrounded by a thin fibrous capsule. Although they make up 16% of mesenchymal tumours, the occurrence of breast lipomas is uncertain. Giant lipomas, measuring 10 cm or more in diameter or weighing at least 1000 g, commonly occur in the upper back, neck, and thigh, and are rare in the breast.

Hypovitaminosis D among Blood Samples of Patients Presenting to the Department of Biochemistry of a Tertiary Care Center.

Introduction: Hypovitaminosis D is a global public health problem affecting approximately one billion people, with a particularly high prevalence in South Asia. Several hospital-based studies from Nepal show a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D. However, large-scale community-based studies are lacking.

Multidrug Resistance among Patients with Surgical Site Infection in a Tertiary Care Centre.

Introduction: Infections at surgical sites are a major problem all over the world. Pathogens linked to postoperative infections are becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics, which presents a significant therapeutic challenge for surgeons and raises the financial burden placed on patients. The study aimed to find the prevalence of multidrug resistance among patients with surgical site infections in a tertiary care centre.

Correlations between Educational Struggle, Toxic Sites by School District and Demographic Variables, with Geographical Information System Projections.

This correlational study associated data on children enrolled in individualized educational plans in their K-12 schools (IEP) and an algorithm-calculated score of neurotoxins at contaminated sites located in each school district. The study also mapped and projected the correlations using Geographical Information System (GIS) technology. These data were populated in ArcMap 10.

Trends and Immediate Outcomes of Syncope During Pregnancy: A Narrative Review.

Pregnancy-related syncope presents special difficulties due to the rapid physiological changes that occur throughout gestation. This narrative review provides a thorough summary of the patterns and pregnancy outcomes secondary to syncope during pregnancy. There is an increase in syncope burden during pregnancy, and hence it is critical that medical professionals understand the significance of syncope during pregnancy.

Evaluation of laboratory risk indicator for necrotizing fasciitis score as an early diagnostic tool for necrotizing fasciitis: a prospective observational study.

Introduction: From its historical identification to modern times with advancements in management modalities globally, the mortality of necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is high ranging from 19 to 30% for all affected sites. Although many diagnostic adjuncts have been developed to assist with the prompt and accurate diagnosis of NF, the primary diagnosis is still based on high clinical suspicion. The Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis (LRINEC) score was developed as a tool for distinguishing NF from other soft tissue infections.

Efficacy of different organic and inorganic nutrient sources on the growth and yield of bitter gourd ( L.).

The cultivation of bitter gourd ( L.) in Nepal faces significant challenges, resulting in diminished yields compared with other regions. The pivotal issue is optimizing fertilizer management practices to enhance bitter gourd growth and yield.

Pregnancy intentions and its associated factors among married women in resunga, Gulmi, Nepal.

Pregnancy intention refers to a women's thinking at the time she became aware that she was pregnant. It can be categorized as intended and unintended. Identifying pregnancy intentions during prenatal periods help to employ careful monitoring of pregnancy that is at high risk for mother and children's health outcomes.

Shifting Trends in Prostate Treatment: A Systematic Review Comparing Transurethral Resection of the Prostate and Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate.

Our systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness and suitability of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) as a treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in comparison to transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). We analyzed 12 studies involving male participants aged 45-85 years, all of whom had BPH. In our analysis, we compared HoLEP and TURP, with a focus on several primary outcomes, including postoperative International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), postvoid residual (PVR) volume, maximum flow rate (Qmax), and changes in sexual function post-treatment.

Scaling up stem cell production: harnessing the potential of microfluidic devices.

Stem cells are specialised cells characterised by their unique ability to both self-renew and transform into a wide array of specialised cell types. The widespread interest in stem cells for regenerative medicine and cultivated meat has led to a significant demand for these cells in both research and practical applications. Despite the growing need for stem cell manufacturing, the industry faces significant obstacles, including high costs for equipment and maintenance, complicated operation, and low product quality and yield.