General and individualized changes in T cell immunity during aging.

Functional alterations with age are observed in all human systems, but the aging of the adaptive immune system displays both general changes affecting all individuals, and idiosyncratic changes that are unique to individuals. In the T cell compartment, general aging manifests in three ways: (1) the reduction of naïve T cells, (2) the accumulation of differentiated memory T cells, and (3) a reduced overall T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire. Idiosyncratic impacts of aging, such as changes in the TCR repertoires of altered memory and naïve T cells are shaped by each person's life exposures.

The Enhancer-Promoter-Mediated Transcription During Neurite Regrowth of Injured Cortical Neurons.

Brain injuries can result from accidents, warfare, sports injuries, or brain diseases. Identifying regeneration-associated genes (RAGs) during epigenome remodeling upon brain injury could have a significant impact on reducing neuronal death and subsequent neurodegeneration for patients with brain injury. We previously identified several WNT genes as RAGs involved in the neurite regrowth of injured cortical neurons.

Enhanced personalized prediction of baseball-related upper extremity injuries through novel features and explainable artificial intelligence.

Upper extremity injuries in baseball players demand advanced prevention. Our study analyzed clinical features using machine learning techniques to provide precise and individualized injury risk assessment and prediction. We recruited 98 baseball players and collected data on glenohumeral internal/external rotation, posterior capsule thickness, supraspinatus tendon thickness, acromiohumeral distance, and occupation ratio.

CRSP8-driven fatty acid metabolism reprogramming enhances hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inhibiting RAN-mediated PPARα nucleus-cytoplasm shuttling.

Background: In-depth exploration into the dysregulation of lipid metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has contributed to the development of advanced antitumor strategies. CRSP8 is a critical component of mediator multiprotein complex involved in transcriptional recruiting. However, the regulatory mechanisms of CRSP8 on fatty acid metabolism reprogramming and HCC progression remain unclear.

Impact of blood lead and manganese levels on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease prevalence: insights from NHANES (2017-2020).

Background: The metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) paradigm represents a significant departure from the previous nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) framework, offering a non-stigmatizing approach that enhances awareness and accelerates patient understanding. Our primary aim was to investigate the potential relationship between blood lead and manganese exposure and the onset of MASLD.

Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database spanning from 2017 to 2020, a cross-sectional study included 4,475 participants was performed to assess the relationship.

CD44 cells enhance pro-tumor stroma in the spatial landscape of colorectal cancer leading edge.

Background: The heterogeneity of tumors significantly impacts on colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. However, the influence of this heterogeneity on the spatial architecture of CRC remains largely unknown.

Methods: Spatial transcriptomic (ST) analysis of AOM/DSS-induced colorectal cancer (CRC), integrated with single-cell RNA sequencing, generated a comprehensive spatial atlas of CRC.

Multimodal integration of liquid biopsy and radiology for the noninvasive diagnosis of gallbladder cancer and benign disorders.

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) frequently mimics gallbladder benign lesions (GBBLs) in radiological images, leading to preoperative misdiagnoses. To address this challenge, we initiated a prospective, multicenter clinical trial (ChicCTR2100049249) and proposed a multimodal, non-invasive diagnostic model to distinguish GBC from GBBLs. A total of 301 patients diagnosed with gallbladder-occupying lesions (GBOLs) from 11 medical centers across 7 provinces in China were enrolled and divided into a discovery cohort and an independent external validation cohort.

Ultrasensitive and multiplex SERS immunoassay for stroke subtype-specific biomarkers based on graphene oxide-supported nanofilms coated by roughened nanoboxes with extensive high-density hotspots.

Herein, we fabricate the graphene oxide-supported nanofilms coated by roughened nanoboxes (GO@AuAgRNB) for the ultrasensitive and simultaneous determination of multiple stroke subtype-specific biomarkers. Initially, Au-Ag roughened nanobox (AuAgRNB) with abundant coupling and tip hotspots is prepared by the partial surface passivation strategy. AuAgRNB is uniformly, densely and firmly assembled onto graphene oxide (GO) by metal-sulfur bonds, generating extensive high-density hotspots.

Research Note: A novel immunization approach for chicken coccidiosis vaccine: waterline immunization and its application effect.

Coccidiosis is a prevalent disease in poultry industry, causing significant economic losses. Vaccine immunization has been developed as an effective method to prevent coccidiosis. In China, the traditional method for coccidiosis vaccination in the poultry industry involves the using water troughs and powder drinking water adjuvants for chick immunization via drinking.

Next-generation sequencing for rapid etiologic diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome: A case of life-threatening leptospirosis.

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infection with public health implications and diverse clinical presentations, ranging from mild symptoms to severe, life-threatening disease. In critical cases, it can cause multiorgan failure and death. Diagnosis is typically based on clinical suspicion and confirmed by laboratory testing.

Preparation of a Fluxapyroxad Nanoformulation with Strong Plant Uptake for Efficient Control of Wilt in Potato.

Potato ( L.) is ranked as the fourth largest staple crop in China. However, potato production is increasingly threatened by wilt (VW) caused by the fungus in various provinces.

Single-cell profiling reveals the intratumor heterogeneity and immunosuppressive microenvironment in cervical adenocarcinoma.

Background: Cervical adenocarcinoma (ADC) is more aggressive compared to other types of cervical cancer (CC), such as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and tumor heterogeneity are recognized as pivotal factors in cancer progression and therapy. However, the disparities in TIME and heterogeneity between ADC and SCC are poorly understood.

Association of NR1I2 Polymorphism with Midazolam Clearance in Mechanically Ventilated ICU Patients: A Population Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacogenetic Study.

Background: Significant variability in the metabolism of midazolam (MDZ) exists among mechanically ventilated (MV) patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) due to complex clinical conditions and genetic factors. The NR1I2 gene (PXR), which encodes a nuclear receptor that regulates drug-metabolizing enzymes like CYP3A4, plays a critical role in MDZ metabolism. Polymorphisms in NR1I2, along with variations in genes such as CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and ABCB1, may influence enzyme activity and MDZ pharmacokinetics (PK).

Rectal Endometriosis-Associated Adenocarcinoma: A Rare Entity Demanding Clinical Vigilance.

Endometriosis may become malignant, and its diagnosis is challenging, especially in rare extra-ovarian sites like the rectum. Here, we describe the case of a 42-year-old woman who presented with intermittent left lower abdominal discomfort for six months. A colonoscopy revealed a 1.

Hit Around: Substitutional Moving Robot for Immersive and Exertion Interaction with Encountered-Type Haptic.

Previous works have shown the potential of immersive technologies to make physical activities a more engaging experience. With encountered-type haptic feedback, users can perceive a more realistic sensation for exertion interaction in substitutions reality. Although substitutional reality has utilized physical environments, props, and devices to provide encountered-type haptic feedback, these cannot withstand the fierce force of humans and do not give feedback when users move around simultaneously, such as in combat sports.

Interdisciplinary Team Roles and Challenges in Integrated Health Care Settings: Social Workers' Perspectives.

To improve patient health, health care systems are increasingly integrating services that address social needs into medical care. Social workers often catalyze this process, yet the roles and challenges of social workers in integrated health care settings are poorly understood. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, we employed purposive sampling and conducted semi-structured interviews with twenty social workers who were employed on interdisciplinary teams within integrated health care settings.

Impact of natural views on mental health during COVID-19 quarantine: A natural experiment.

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the daily lives of people, and countries worldwide have implemented public health measures that restricted social contact and interactions. Individuals in isolation displayed increased mental health issues, for whom windows are a crucial means of connecting with the outside world. However, few studies have discussed the effect of having a window view on the mental health of individuals in quarantine.

Mining the cucumber core collection: phenotypic and genetic characterization of morphological diversity for fruit quality characteristics.

Commercial value of cucumber is primarily driven by fruit quality. However, breeding goals frequently focus on production constraints caused by biotic and abiotic stresses. As sources of resistances are often present in unadapted germplasm, we sought to provide morphological and genetic information characterizing the diversity of fruit quality traits present in the CucCAP cucumber core collection.

Synergizing adaptive immunity and regenerative signals to enhance osteochondral defects repair.

In clinical practice, repairing osteochondral defects (OCDs) is challenging because of the complex cartilage/subchondral bone structure and intricate immunological microenvironment. Here, we identify the crucial role of adaptive immunity dysfunction by revealing that an increase of T helper 17 (Th17) cells exacerbated osteochondral tissue degradation via its pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-17 (IL-17) in the early-stage OCDs. Next, we leveraged this adaptive immunity mechanism and combined it with regenerative signals to develop a multifunctional hydrogel system capable of simultaneously tackling immune dysfunction and regenerative deficiency.

Mixed-effects polygenic risk score Phenome-wide association study detects genetic correlation between colorectal cancer risk and phenotype data extracted from the electronic health record.

Many factors, including environmental and genetic variables, contribute to Colorectal Cancer (CRC) risk. Some of these risk factors may share underlying genetics with CRC. We investigated potential shared genetics by performing a Phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) with a multi-ancestry CRC polygenic risk score (PRS).

Injectable Thermosensitive Thiol-Modified NIPAAm--Chitosan Hydrogels for Cartilage Regeneration in a Rabbit Osteoarthritis Model.

Cartilage tissue has a limited intrinsic capacity for self-healing. Over the decades, researchers have extensively researched methods of cartilage repair, yet some limitations still need to be resolved. Most studies typically evaluate osteochondral regeneration in normal animals.

Graphene-Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes for Simultaneous Detection of Ascorbic Acid, Dopamine, and Uric Acid.

This study compares the sensing performance of glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) modified with graphene (GR), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and graphene-multiwalled carbon nanotube (GR-MWCNT) composites for the simultaneous detection of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), and uric acid (UA). Among these electrodes, GR-MWCNT/GCE exhibited the highest sensitivity and the lowest detection limit. Using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), AA, DA, and UA can be simultaneously detected at low potentials of -0.

Mosquito Cell Atlas: A single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of the adult mosquito.

The female mosquito's remarkable ability to hunt humans and transmit pathogens relies on her unique biology. Here, we present the Mosquito Cell Atlas (MCA), a comprehensive single-nucleus RNA sequencing dataset of more than 367,000 nuclei from 19 dissected tissues of adult female and male , providing cellular-level resolution of mosquito biology. We identify novel cell types and expand our understanding of sensory neuron organization of chemoreceptors to all sensory tissues.