Molecular-based race classification of causing tan spot of wheat in Japan.

Tan spot, a foliar disease of spp. such as bread wheat ( L.) and durum wheat ( ssp.

A PHLID Model for Tomato Bacterial Canker Predicting on Epidemics of the Pathogen.

A pathogen, healthy, latently infected, infectious, and diseased plant (PHLID) model for botanical epidemics was defined for tomato bacterial canker (TBC) caused by the pathogenic plant bacteria, subsp. (). First, the incubation period had to be defined to develop this type of model.

An HLD Model for Tomato Bacterial Canker Focusing on Epidemics of the Pathogen Due to Cutting by Infected Scissors.

A healthy, latently infected, diseased (HLD) plant model for botanical epidemics was defined for tomato bacterial canker (TBC) caused by the pathogenic plant bacteria, subsp. (). To estimate the infection probability parameter, inoculation experiments were conducted in which it was assumed that infection is transferred to healthy plants through contaminated scissors used to cut symptomless infected plants.

Identification and Molecular Mechanisms of Key Nucleotides Causing Attenuation in Pathogenicity of Dahlia Isolate of Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid.

While the potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) variant, PSTVd-Dahlia (PSTVd-D or PSTVd-D) induces very mild symptoms in tomato cultivar 'Rutgers', PSTVd-Intermediate (PSTVd-I or PSTVd-I) induces severe symptoms. These two variants differ by nine nucleotides, of which six mutations are located in the terminal left (TL) to the pathogenicity (P) domains. To evaluate the importance of mutations located in the TL to the P domains, ten types of point mutants were created by swapping the nucleotides between the two viroid variants.