Cerebral glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor activation alleviates traumatic brain injury by glymphatic system regulation in mice.

Aim: We aimed to assess the effects of cerebral glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) activation on the glymphatic system and whether this effect was therapeutic for traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: Immunofluorescence was employed to evaluate glymphatic system function. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, microvascular basement membrane, and tight junction expression were assessed using Evans blue extravasation, immunofluorescence, and western blot.

Evaluation of the prognosis of acute subdural hematoma according to the density differences between gray and white matter.

Objective: Acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) is a common neurological emergency, and its appearance on head-computed tomographic (CT) imaging helps guide clinical treatment. To provide a basis for clinical decision-making, we analyzed that the density difference between the gray and white matter of the CT image is associated with the prognosis of patients with ASDH.

Methods: We analyzed the data of 194 patients who had ASDH as a result of closed traumatic brain injury (TBI) between 2018 and 2021.

Multidimensional Assessment of Electroencephalography in the Neuromodulation of Disorders of Consciousness.

In the present study, we aimed to elucidate changes in electroencephalography (EEG) metrics during recovery of consciousness and to identify possible clinical markers thereof. More specifically, in order to assess changes in multidimensional EEG metrics during neuromodulation, we performed repeated stimulation using a high-density transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) protocol in 42 patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC). Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) scores and EEG metrics [brain network indicators, spectral energy, and normalized spatial complexity (NSC)] were obtained before as well as fourteen days after undergoing HD-tDCS stimulation.