Antitumor Effects and Tumor-specificity of Guaiazulene-3-Carboxylate Derivatives Against Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma .

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the antitumor potential of guaiazulene-3-carboxylate derivatives against oral malignant cells.

Materials And Methods: Twelve guaiazulene-3-carboxylate derivatives were synthesized by introduction of either with alkyl group [], alkoxy group [], hydroxyl group [] or primary amine [] at the end of sidechains. Tumor-specificity (TS) was calculated by the ratio of mean 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC) against 3 human oral mesenchymal cell lines to that against 4 human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines.

Opposite domination of cyclic and pseudocyclic electron flows in short-illuminated dark-adapted leaves of angiosperms and gymnosperms.

The present work was aimed to explain the recently reported higher O-dependent electron flow capacity in gymnosperms than in angiosperms and to search for other differences in the electron transport processes by simultaneous characterization of the relative capacities of pseudocyclic (direct or Flavodiiron proteins (Flv)-mediated O-reduction, Mehler(-like) reactions) and cyclic electron flows around photosystem I (CEF-PSI). To this end, a comparative multicomponent analysis was performed on the fluorescence decay curves of dark-adapted leaves after illumination with a 1-s saturating light pulse. In both gymnosperms and angiosperms, two or three exponential decay components were resolved: fast (t 1 ~ 170-260 ms), middle (~1.