Navigating Hurdles: A Review of the Obstacles Facing the Development of the Pandemic Treaty.

Introduction: The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has served as a call for enhanced global cooperation and a more robust pandemic preparedness and response framework. As a result of this pressing demand, dialogues were initiated to establish a pandemic treaty designed to foster a synchronized global strategy for addressing forthcoming health emergencies. In this review, we discussed the main obstacles to this treaty.

Induction of Trop-2 expression through the binding of galectin-3 to MUC1.

Both mucin 1 (MUC1) and trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop-2) are overexpressed in various epithelial tumor cells, and their high expression is correlated with a poor prognosis. Both proteins were expressed in a human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7 cells, but neither was in a human colon cancer cell line, HCT116 cells. When MUC1 cDNA was introduced into HCT116 cells (HCT116/MUC1), expression of Trop-2 was induced.