Characteristics of open globe injury in children under six.

Introduction: This study aimed to analyse the clinical characteristics of open globe injury (OGI) in children under six.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical data of children with OGI admitted to the Eye Center of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, China, between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2020.

Results: The study included 106 children, with 61 males (57.

The role of retinal glial cells and related factors in macular edema.

Macular edema (ME) has emerged as a leading cause of visual impairment, representing a critical clinical manifestation and complication associated with many eye diseases. In the occurrence and development of ME, retinal glial cells like Müller cells and microglial cells play vital roles. Moreover, growth factor and cytokines associated with them, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4), interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), prostaglandin, etc.

Acute acquired concomitant esotropia with congenital paralytic strabismus: A case report.

Background: An unusual case of acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE) with congenital paralytic strabismus in the right eye is reported.

Case Summary: A 23-year-old woman presented with complaints of binocular diplopia and esotropia of the right eye lasting 4 years and head tilt to the left since 1 year after birth. The Bielschowsky head tilt test showed right hypertropia on a right head tilt.

The role of retinal Müller cells in diabetic retinopathy and related therapeutic advances.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a significant complication of diabetes. During the pathogenesis of retinal microangiopathy and neuronopathy, activated retinal Müller cells (RMCs) undergo morphological and structural changes such as increased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, disturbance of potassium and water transport regulation, and onset of production of a large number of inflammatory and vascular growth factors as well as chemokines. Evidently, activated RMCs are necessary for the pathogenesis of DR; therefore, exploring the role of RMCs in DR may provide a new target for the treatment thereof.

Pars plana vitrectomy with air tamponade for the treatment of medium-large macular holes.

Background: To evaluate the surgical outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with air tamponade in medium-large macular holes (MHs).

Methods: Data for 26 eyes of 26 consecutive patients with medium-large full-thickness MHs (> 400 μm) who underwent PPV, internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling, and sterile air tamponade were studied retrospectively. Best-corrected visual acuity and the closure rate were noted.

Multiple Bioinformatics Analyses of Integrated Gene Expression Profiling Data and Verification of Hub Genes Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy.

BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious complication of diabetes that can lead to blindness. This study aimed to identify the core genes and molecular functions involved in DR through multiple bioinformatics analyses. MATERIAL AND METHODS The mRNA gene profiles of human DR tissues from the GSE60436 and GSE53257 datasets were assessed with R software and integrated to identify the co-expressed differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Interaction between XRCC 1 gene polymorphisms and diabetes on susceptibility to primary open-angle glaucoma.

Some studies have suggested that diabetes and XRCC gene may be risk factors for glaucoma; however, no studies have focused on the interaction between the XRCC gene and T2DM with respect to POAG risk. Therefore, the present study evaluated the initiative gene-environment interactions in POAG.

3,5-Dimethoxy-4-hydroxy myricanol ameliorates photoreceptor cell degeneration in Pde6b mouse model.

Introduction: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) caused by the photoreceptor cell degeneration is currently incurable and leads to partial or complete blindness eventually. 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxy myricanol (DM) is a novel compound isolated from the leaves of Micromelum integerrimum, with proliferative activities on NIH3T3 cells. This study was to investigate whether DM could mitigate retinal degeneration of rd10 mice, a well-characterized mouse model of RP.

Retinal organotypic culture - A candidate for research on retinas.

Reliable disease models are essential for investigations on mechanisms and therapies. The Retinal organotypic culture can maintain the architecture and cellular connections within the tissue in vitro. The system is a refined retinal experiment platform.

Intraperitoneal injection of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate protects against light-induced photoreceptor degeneration in the mouse retina.

Purpose: (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major catechin component of green tea, is reported to delay or prevent certain forms of cancer, arthritis, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we determined if systemically administered EGCG could protect the retina against light damage (LD) in mice.

Methods: BALB/cJ mice were treated with either EGCG or saline via intraperitoneal (IP) injection, and then placed under constant cool white light-emitting diode (LED) light (10,000 lux) for 5 h.

The association of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α with diabetic retinopathy, and additional gene-obesity interaction in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Aims: To investigate the impact of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR α) SNPs and gene-obesity interaction on diabetic retinopathy (DR) susceptibility in a Chinese Han population.

Methods: A total of 812 patients (373men, 439 women) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with a mean age of 53.3±14.

Investigation of the Regulation of Roundabout4 by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α in Microvascular Endothelial Cells.

Purpose: We determined if hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and Roundabout4 (Robo4) colocalized in fibrovascular membranes (FVM) from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and investigated the regulation of HIF-1α on Robo4 in microvascular endothelial cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions in vitro.

Methods: Immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy were done to analyze the colocalization of HIF-1α and Robo4 in the FVM. Expression of HIF-1α was knocked down by small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology to study its effects on Robo4 expression of human retinal endothelial cells (HREC) and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC) under normoxic and/or hypoxic conditions.

Effect of Robo4 on retinal endothelial permeability.

Purpose: To examine the role of Roundabout 4 (Robo4) in retinal endothelial permeability and analyze the structural events that lead to barrier disruption.

Materials And Methods: Small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology was used to knockdown Robo4 expression to study its effects on the permeability of human retinal vascular endothelial cells (HRVECs) in vitro. The endothelial cell permeability was detected by measuring the flux of rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC)-dextran across the HRVEC monolayers.