Engineering a hierarchical carbon supported magnetite nanoparticles composite from metal organic framework and graphene oxide for lithium-ion storage.

Fe based metal organic framework (MOF) materials are being extensively investigated as a precursor sample for engineering carbon supported iron containing nanoparticles composites. Rational design and engineering Fe-containing MOFs with optimized structures using economic and eco-friendly methods is a challenging task. In this work, 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (CHO, trimesic acid, HBTC) and metal Fe are employed to synthesize a MOF sample Fe-BTC in a mild hydrothermal condition.

Controllable engineering magnetite nanoparticles dispersed in a hierarchical amylose derived carbon and reduced graphene oxide framework for lithium-ion storage.

A straightforward and eco-friendly method is demonstrated to engineer magnetite (FeO) nanoparticles well dispersed by an amorphous amylose-derived carbon (AMC) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) framework. Naturally available amylose (AM) serves as both reducing agent for few-layered graphene oxide (GO) in the first mild redox coprecipitation system and precursor for small-sized pyrolytic AMC in the following thermal treatment. In particular, the presence of the AM molecules effectively limits the crystal growth kinetics for the akaganeite (FeOOH) in the intermediate FeOOH@AM/RGO sample, which contributes to the transformation to FeO nanoparticles with significantly controlled size in the final FeO@AMC/RGO composite.

Rationally engineering a hierarchical porous carbon and reduced graphene oxide supported magnetite composite with boosted lithium-ion storage performances.

Ferric gallate (Fe-GA), an ancient metal-organic framework (MOF) material, has been recently employed as an eco-friendly and cost-effective precursor sample to synthesize a porous carbon confined nano-iron composite (Fe/RPC), and the Fe element in the Fe/RPC sample could be further oxidized to FeO nanocrystals in a 180 °C hydrothermal condition. On this foundation, this work reports an optimized approach to engineering a hierarchical one-dimensional porous carbon and two-dimensional reduced graphene oxide (RGO) supporting framework with FeO nanoparticles well dispersed. Under mild hydrothermal condition, the redox reaction between metal iron atoms from Fe/RPC and surface functional radicals from few-layered graphene oxide sheets (GO) is triggered.

Spray drying induced engineering a hierarchical reduced graphene oxide supported heterogeneous Tin dioxide and Zinc oxide for Lithium-ion storage.

In this work, a hierarchical reduced graphene oxide (RGO) supportive matrix consisting of both larger two-dimensional RGO sheets and smaller three-dimensional RGO spheres was engineered with ZnO and SnO nanoparticles immobilized. The ZnO and SnO nanocrystals with controlled size were in sequence engineered on the surface of the RGO sheets during the deoxygenation of graphene oxide sample (GO), where the zinc-containing ZIF-8 sample and metal tin foil were used as precursors for ZnO and SnO, respectively. After a spray drying treatment and calcination, the final ZnO@SnO/RGO-H sample was obtained, which delivered an outstanding specific capacity of 982 mAh·g under a high current density of 1000 mA·g after 450 cycles.

Sodium carboxymethylcellulose induced engineering a porous carbon and graphene immobilized magnetite composite for lithium-ion storage.

Immobilizing nanosized electrochemically active materials with supportive carbonaceous framework usually brings in improved lithium-ion storage performance. In this work, magnetite nanoparticles (FeO) are stabilized by both porous carbon domains (PC) and reduced graphene oxide sheets (RGO) to form a hierarchical composite (FeO@PC/RGO) via a straightforward approach. The PC confined iron nanoparticle intermediate sample (Fe@PC) was first fabricated, where sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) was employed not only as a cross-linker to trap ferric ions for synthesizing a Fe-CMC precursor sample, but also as the carbon source for PC domains and iron source for Fe nanoparticles in a pyrolysis process.

Zn-doped Tin monoxide nanobelt induced engineering a graphene and CNT supported Zn-doped Tin dioxide composite for Lithium-ion storage.

In this work, a rapid coprecipitation reaction is developed to obtain nano-sized Zn-doped tin oxide samples (Zn-SnO-II or Zn-SnO-IV) for the first time by simply mixing tin ion (Sn or Sn) and zinc ion (Zn) containing salts in a mild aqueous condition. Characterization results illustrate the Zn-SnO-II sample is constituted by an overwhelming quantity of Zn-doped SnO nanobelts and a small quantity of Zn-doped SnO nanoparticles. The redox reaction between the Sn ions from the Zn-SnO-II sample and the surface oxygen-containing functional groups from functionalized carbon nanotube (F-CNT) and graphene oxide (GO) leads to the formation of the final Zn-SnO/CNT@RGO composites.

Heterogeneous iron oxide nanoparticles anchored on carbon nanotubes for high-performance lithium-ion storage and fenton-like oxidation.

In this work, heterogeneous hematite (FeO) and magnetite (FeO) nanoparticles are jointly engineered on the external surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to construct a composite material (FeO@FeO/CNT). A simple one-step redox reaction is triggered in a hydrothermal reaction system containing functionalized CNT (FCNT) aqueous suspension and iron foils. Both FeO and FeO nanoparticles with controlled size are generated and well dispersed in the interconnected CNT framework.

Engineering tin dioxide quantum dots in a hierarchical graphite and graphene oxide framework for lithium-ion storage.

The spontaneous aggregation and poor electronic conductivity are widely recognized as the main challenges for practically applied nano-sized tin dioxide-based anode candidates in lithium-ion batteries. This work describes a hierarchical graphite and graphene oxide (GO) framework stabilized tin dioxide quantum dot composite (SnO@C/GO), which is synthesized by a solid-state ball-milling treatment and a water-phase self-assembly process. Characterization results demonstrate the engineered inside nanostructured graphite and outside GO layers from the SnO@C/GO composite jointly contribute to a good immobilization effect for the SnO quantum dots.

Facile synthesis of a rod-like porous carbon framework confined magnetite nanoparticle composite for superior lithium-ion storage.

This work demonstrates a streamlined method to engineer a rod-like porous carbon framework (RPC) confined magnetite nanoparticles composite (FeO/RPC) starting from metallic iron and gallic acid (GA) solution. First, a mild redox reaction was triggered between Fe and GA to prepare a rod-shaped metal-organic framework (MOF) ferric gallate sample (Fe-GA). Then, the Fe-GA sample was calcinated to obtain a prototypic RPC supported metal iron nanoparticle intermediate sample (Fe/RPC).

Hierarchical goethite nanoparticle and tin dioxide quantum dot anchored on reduced graphene oxide for long life and high rate lithium-ion storage.

The synergetic effect between two or more electrochemically active materials usually leads to superior lithium-ion storage performance. This work demonstrates a straightforward and effective approach to synthesize a reduced graphene oxide (RGO) encapsulated larger goethite (FeOOH) nanoparticles and smaller tin dioxide (SnO) quantum dots hierarchical composite (SnO@FeOOH/RGO). The synthesized SnO@FeOOH/RGO composite exhibits encouraging lithium-ion storage capability than controlled SnO/RGO and FeOOH/RGO samples with a stable specific capacity of 638 mAh·g under a high current rate of 1000 mA·g for 2000 continual cycles and good rate performance.

Engineering zinc ferrite nanoparticles in a hierarchical graphene and carbon nanotube framework for improved lithium-ion storage.

This work presents the successful fabrication of a composite made of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and reduced graphene oxide, with immobilized zinc ferrite nanoparticles (ZnFeO@CNT/RGO). Functionalized CNT (F-CNT) and few-layered graphene oxide (GO) not only works as a precursor for the hierarchical CNT/RGO skeleton, but also participates in the redox reactions with zinc and ferrous ions to synthesize the intermediate products ZnO@CNT and FeOOH@RGO, respectively. A ZnO@CNT/FeOOH@RGO composite is obtained by through the spontaneous assembly process between the above intermediate species, and the final ZnFeO@CNT/RGO composite is fabricated through a simple solid-state reaction.