PTBP1 Regulates DNMT3B Alternative Splicing by Interacting With RALY to Enhance the Radioresistance of Prostate Cancer.

Radiotherapy is a curative arsenal for prostate cancer (PCa), but radioresistance seriously compromises its effectiveness. Dysregulated RNA splicing factors are extensively involved in tumor progression. Nonetheless, the role of splicing factors in radioresistance remains largely unexplored in PCa.

Single-cell deconvolution algorithms analysis unveils autocrine IL11-mediated resistance to docetaxel in prostate cancer via activation of the JAK1/STAT4 pathway.

Background: Docetaxel resistance represents a significant obstacle in the treatment of prostate cancer. The intricate interplay between cytokine signalling pathways and transcriptional control mechanisms in cancer cells contributes to chemotherapeutic resistance, yet the underlying molecular determinants remain only partially understood. This study elucidated a novel resistance mechanism mediated by the autocrine interaction of interleukin-11 (IL-11) and its receptor interleukin-11 receptor subunit alpha(IL-11RA), culminating in activation of the JAK1/STAT4 signalling axis and subsequent transcriptional upregulation of the oncogene c-MYC.

The role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the salivary gland (LECSG) and the effect of postoperative EBV DNA on prognosis.

Background: Whether postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) could improve survival and the role of EBV DNA remains unclear for patients with lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the salivary glands (LECSG).

Patients And Methods: 360 patients were included. Independent prognostic factors were selected using a Cox proportional hazards model and incorporated into risk stratification.

Nigericin Boosts Anti-Tumor Immune Response via Inducing Pyroptosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Although immune checkpoint inhibitors improved the clinical outcomes of advanced triple negative breast cancer (TBNC) patients, the response rate remains relatively low. Nigericin is an antibiotic derived from . We found that nigericin caused cell death in TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 by inducing concurrent pyroptosis and apoptosis.

Radiation-induced lymphopenia and the survival of women with cervical cancer: a meta-analysis.

The current systematic analysis and meta-analysis was aimed to evaluate the association between radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) and survival of women with cervical cancer (CC). PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched for relevant cohort studies comparing survival between women with CC who developed versus not developed RIL after radiotherapy. We pooled the results using a random-effects model that incorporates heterogeneity.

Total neoadjuvant treatment to increase the clinical complete response rate for distal locally advanced rectal cancer (TESS): A study protocol of a prospective, open-label, multicenter, single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Background: Standard treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) was neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT), followed by total mesorectal excision (TME). Total neoadjuvant treatment (TNT), a new concept, attempts to deliver both systemic chemotherapy and neoadjuvant CRT prior to surgery. Patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy were more likely to show higher tumor regression.

Contouring the accessory parotid gland and major parotid glands as a single organ at risk during nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiotherapy.

Background And Purpose: No research currently exists on the role of the accessory parotid gland (APG) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We thereby aimed to assess the effects of APG on the dosimetry of the parotid glands (PGs) during NPC radiotherapy and evaluate its predictive value for late xerostomia.

Material And Methods: The clinical data of 32 NPC patients with radiological evidence of the APG treated at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital between November 2020 and February 2021 were retrospectively reviewed.

Role of brachytherapy in post-operative cervical cancer patients with risk factors other than positive stump.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of brachytherapy in post-operative cervical cancer patients with risk factors other than positive stump, and to identify the candidates most likely to benefit.

Methods: Newly diagnosed, non-metastatic cervical cancer patients treated in our hospital between January 2012 and November 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Early stage patients receiving radical surgery and needing adjuvant external radiotherapy were included, but those with positive stump were excluded.

Enhanced Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy with Nab-Paclitaxel and Platinum for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer.

Purpose: We aimed to determine the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of albumin-bound paclitaxel ("nab-paclitaxel") and platinum (NACT-nPP) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC).

Methods: Consecutive patients with newly diagnosed, non-metastatic LACC were recruited retrospectively between October 2016 and June 2020 in our hospital. All patients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) alone or neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Brachytherapy-based radiotherapy is associated with improved survival for newly diagnosed metastatic cervical cancer.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the value of brachytherapy (BT) in metastatic cervical cancer, as it has not been well evaluated before.

Methods And Materials: We analyzed 2391 patients with Stage IVB cervical cancer from 2004 to 2015 by using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry. The parameters were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression models to evaluate cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival.

[Corrigendum] The specific killing effect of matrine on castration‑resistant prostate cancer cells by targeting the Akt/FoxO3a signaling pathway.

Subsequently to the publication of the article, the authors have realized that some errors were contained therein that went uncorrected before the paper was sent to press. First, Fig. 4 contained a pair of data panels that had been misplaced: The LY294002, PC‑3 data panel in Fig.

Overexpression of malignant brain tumor domain containing protein 1 predicts a poor prognosis of prostate cancer.

Malignant brain tumor domain containing protein 1 (MBTD1) is a member of the polycomb group protein family that is associated with tumorigenesis. The present study investigated the role of MBTD1 within defined clinicopathological parameters and the prognosis of patients with prostate cancer (PCa). A human tissue microarray containing samples from 71 patients with PCa and seven healthy donors was employed for immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Polo-like kinase 3 is associated with poor prognosis and regulates proliferation and metastasis in prostate cancer.

Background: Biological mechanism of prostate cancer (PCa) recurrence and progress is complex but many of the key elements are not fully understood. Polo-like kinases (Plks) represent a family of highly conserved serine-threonine kinases that play essential roles in cell cycle progression. Plk3 plays contradictory roles in different cancers.

Comparison of Significant Carotid Stenosis for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma between Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy and Conventional Two-Dimensional Radiotherapy.

Radiotherapy (RT) serves as the most efficient treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and can cause carotid stenosis. This work compared the incidence of significant carotid stenosis between intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and two-dimensional conventional radiotherapy (2D-RT) for NPC and explored the risk factors. We retrospectively reviewed 233 cases with NPC who underwent carotid ultrasound post IMRT or 2D-RT from 2006 to 2015.

Grafted Neural Stem Cells Show Lesion-Specific Migration in Radiation-Injured Rat Brains.

Neural stem cells (NSCs) exhibit preferential homing toward some types of brain lesion, but their migratory property during radiation brain injury (RBI) remains unexplored. Here, we use the superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-labeled magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology to determine the migration of transplanted NSCs in two partial RBI models in real time created by administering 30-55 Gy of radiation to the right or posterior half of the adult rat brain. SPIO-labeled NSCs were stereotactically grafted into the uninjured side one week after RBI.

Excessive Pretreatment Weight Loss Is a Risk Factor for the Survival Outcome of Esophageal Carcinoma Patients Undergoing Radical Surgery and Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy.

Background: The prognostic values of weight loss and body mass index (BMI) in esophageal carcinoma remain controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of weight loss on the survival of patients undergoing radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods: The medical records of 189 consecutive patients with nonmetastatic esophageal carcinoma treated in our hospital between January 2012 and December 2013 were reviewed, and 121 patients were included for analysis.

High levels of DEPDC1B predict shorter biochemical recurrence-free survival of patients with prostate cancer.

DEP domain-containing protein 1B (DEPDC1B) has been reported to serve important functions in breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. However, its involvement in the development of prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of DEPDC1B in tumor tissues from patients diagnosed with PCa.

The specific killing effect of matrine on castration-resistant prostate cancer cells by targeting the Akt/FoxO3a signaling pathway.

Matrine, a Sophora alkaloid, exhibits antiproliferative and anti-carcinogenic activities through several mechanisms. In a previous study, we found that matrine could effectively inhibit the proliferation of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). In the present study, the effect of matrine and LY294002 on the expression of the Akt/FoxO3a signaling pathway was examined by western blot analyses and RT-PCR.

RAD51 Mediates Resistance of Cancer Stem Cells to PARP Inhibition in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Introduction: PARP inhibitors have shown promising results in early studies for treatment of breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA)-deficient breast cancers; however, resistance ultimately develops. Furthermore, the benefit of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) remains unknown. Recent evidence indicates that in TNBCs, cells that display "cancer stem cell" properties are resistant to conventional treatments, mediate tumor metastasis, and contribute to recurrence.

Role of microRNA221 in regulating normal mammary epithelial hierarchy and breast cancer stem-like cells.

Increasing evidence suggests that lineage specific subpopulations and stem-like cells exist in normal and malignant breast tissues. Epigenetic mechanisms maintaining this hierarchical homeostasis remain to be investigated. In this study, we found the level of microRNA221 (miR-221) was higher in stem-like and myoepithelial cells than in luminal cells isolated from normal and malignant breast tissue.

Distinct prognostic values of ALDH1 isoenzymes in breast cancer.

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), also known as aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, is composed of six enzymes that are expressed at high levels in stem cells and are involved in the regulation of stem cell function. Increased ALDH1 activity has been found in the stem cell populations of leukemia and some solid tumors including breast cancer (BC). However, which ALDH1's isoenzymes are contributing to ALDH1 activity has not been determined.

MicroRNA100 inhibits self-renewal of breast cancer stem-like cells and breast tumor development.

miRNAs are essential for self-renewal and differentiation of normal and malignant stem cells by regulating the expression of key stem cell regulatory genes. Here, we report evidence implicating the miR100 in self-renewal of cancer stem-like cells (CSC). We found that miR100 expression levels relate to the cellular differentiation state, with lowest expression in cells displaying stem cell markers.

Late-onset radiation-induced optic neuropathy after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Radiation-induced optic neuropathy (RION) is a rare but devastating late complication of radiotherapy, usually manifesting months to years after cancer treatment of the head and neck, resulting in rapidly progressive blindness in one or both eyes. The incidence of radiation-induced complications following radiotherapy, especially RION, is correlated with survival time of patients. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), the most common type of cancer in southern China, has been primarily treated with radiotherapy, with associated neural injuries.

MicroRNA93 regulates proliferation and differentiation of normal and malignant breast stem cells.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in normal cellular differentiation and oncogenesis. microRNA93 (mir-93), a member of the mir106b-25 cluster, located in intron 13 of the MCM7 gene, although frequently overexpressed in human malignancies may also function as a tumor suppressor gene. Using a series of breast cancer cell lines representing different stages of differentiation and mouse xenograft models, we demonstrate that mir-93 modulates the fate of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) by regulating their proliferation and differentiation states.

[Adenovirus mediated gene transfer of tyrosinase gene on HepG2 cell by magnetic resonance imaging].

Objective: To evaluate the transfect results of recombinant adenovirus vector carrying tyrosinase gene (Ad-tyr) in vitro by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after the Ad-tyr was transfected into HepG2 cell.

Methods: The Ad-tyr which carried the full-length cDNA of tyrosinase gene was transfected into HepG2 cell. The transfected cells were scan by MRI sequences of T1 weighted image (T1WI) , T2 weighted image (T2WI) , and short time inversion recovery (STIR) to observe the MRI signals of expressed melanin.