Development and validation of a nomogram to predict survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in elderly women with triple-negative invasive ductal breast cancer: A SEER population-based study.

Objectives: To construct and verify a nomogram for post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy survival predication in elderly women with triple-negative invasive ductal breast cancer.

Methods: Elderly patients diagnosed as triple-negative invasive ductal breast cancer between 2019-2000 were screened from surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database. Depending on the post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy pathological response, they were assigned to the complete or non-complete response group.

Efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for immunological non-responder in HIV/AIDS combined with amphetamine abuse: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) abuse is strongly associated with an elevated risk of HIV infection and transmission. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) serves as the primary approach for managing HIV infection and AIDS progression. However, ATS abuse diminishes the efficacy of ART in HIV/AIDS patients, amplifying the vulnerability to immunological non-response (INR) and ultimately increasing the incidence rate and mortality of opportunistic infections.

Biomimetic prebiotic synthesis of homochiral peptides a potential 5'-aa-AMP precursor.

Inspired by biosynthetic peptides, we investigate the chiral recognition properties of adenylate amidate (-aa-AMP, a potential analog of 5'-aa-AMP) in prebiotic peptide formation. Our findings demonstrate that -L-aa-AMP preferentially binds to L-aa, facilitating the formation of homochiral peptides, while -D-aa-AMP shows a preference for D-aa, thereby achieving homochirality in peptide synthesis. Collectively, these results enhance our understanding of the evolutionary origins of homochirality on prebiotic Earth.

Metal Polyphenol Nanoparticle-Based Chemo/Ferroptosis Synergistic Therapy for the Treatment of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Despite the use of surgical resection and chemotherapy in the clinical treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the 5-year survival rates of advanced patients are low. Therefore, more efficient strategies are urgently needed. Herein, a chemo/ferroptosis synergistic therapeutic system-DMEFe nanoparticles (NPs) is established for the treatment of OSCC.

In-situ relative calibration of Bragg crystals with Monte Carlo line ratio analysis.

X-ray line emission spectra can thoroughly characterize hot plasmas, especially when line shapes and ratios convey distinct aspects of plasma conditions. However, the high spectral resolution required for observing line shapes is often at odds with the large bandwidth required to observe many line ratios across a wide spectral range. One strategy to obtain high spectral resolution over a wide bandwidth is to use multiple crystals with calibrated reflectivity so that line intensities across different crystals can be compared.

Application Value of Iodine-131 Combined with Levothyroxine Sodium in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer after Surgery.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of iodine-131 combined with levothyroxine sodium in the treatment of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) after surgery.

Methods: Prospective randomized controlled studies were conducted. A total of 374 DTC patients who underwent total or near-total thyroidectomy in the Department of Thyroid Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center and Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, from January 2019 to February 2022 were selected and divided into control group (187 cases) and observation group (187 cases) according to random number table method.

Inflammatory factor TNFα-induced circDMD mediates R-loop formation to promote tumorigenesis.

Chronic inflammation has been associated with the development of cancer in various anatomical sites. However, the crosstalk between inflammatory factors and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in tumorigenesis is unclear. Here, we revealed that circDMD was upregulated in Tumor necrosis factor alpha-like (TNFα)-induced HeLa cells.

Differentiated metabolomic profiling reveals plasma amino acid signatures for primary glomerular disease.

Primary glomerular disease (PGD) is an idiopathic cause of renal glomerular lesions that is characterized by proteinuria or hematuria and is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The identification of circulating biomarkers for the diagnosis of PGD requires a thorough understanding of the metabolic defects involved. In this study, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was performed to characterize the amino acid (AA) profiles of patients with pathologically diagnosed PGD, including minimal change disease (MCD), focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS), membranous nephropathy, and immunoglobulin A nephropathy.

AKR1C3 silencing inhibits autophagy-dependent glycolysis in thyroid cancer cells by inactivating ERK signaling.

Thyroid cancer is a highly differentiated and poorly malignant tumor. Interfering with glycolysis has become an effective means of controlling cancer progression and autophagy is negatively correlated with glycolysis. Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3) has been demonstrated to be highly expressed in thyroid cancer tissue and the higher AKR1C3 expression predicted the worse prognosis.

m C regulator-mediated methylation modification patterns and tumor microenvironment infiltration characteristics in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Recently, many studies have been conducted to examine immune response modification at epigenetic level, but the candidate effect of RNA 5-methylcytosine (m C) modification on tumor microenvironment (TME) of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still unknown at present.

Methods: We assessed the patterns of m C modification among 417 AML cases by using nine m C regulators. Thereafter, we associated those identified modification patterns with TME cell infiltration features.

The elusive reaction mechanism of Mn(II)-mediated benzylic oxidation of alkylarene by HO: a -diol mechanism or a dual hydrogen abstraction mechanism?

The direct oxygenation of alkylarenes at the benzylic position employing bioinspired nonheme catalysts has emerged as a promising strategy for the production of bioactive arene ketone scaffolds in drugs. However, the structure-activity relationship of the active species and the mechanism of these reactions remain elusive. Herein, the reaction mechanism of the Mn(II)-mediated benzylic oxygenation of phenylbutanoic acid (PBA) to 4-oxo-4-phenylbutyric acid (4-oxo-PBA) by HO was investigated using density functional theory calculations.

ABCB11 accumulated in immature tertiary lymphoid structures participates in xenobiotic metabolic process and predicts resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) are at a high risk of recurrence and multimodal therapy have not significantly improved survival in recent decades. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective in a small proportion of HNSCC patients, the majority do not respond. In this study, we for the first time revealed that xenobiotic metabolic process was significantly associated with resistance to programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in HNSCC and found that ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 11 (ABCB11) accumulated in immature tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) predicted worse progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) after PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors therapy.

Metal-organic rotaxane frameworks constructed from a cucurbit[8]uril-based ternary complex for the selective detection of antibiotics.

Herein we report two 2D layered metal-organic rotaxane frameworks (MORFs), WUST-1 and WUST-2, constituted by a ternary host-guest complex based on cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) and an ()-1-methyl-4-[4-(pyridin-4-yl)styryl] pyridinium (G1) ligand, and different metal ions and auxiliary linkers. Both MORFs are stable in water and highly fluorescence emissive, and can selectively sense nitrofurazone with low detection limits.

A novel autophagy-related long non-coding RNAs signature predicting progression-free interval and I-131 therapy benefits in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

This study aimed to explore the prognostic and predictive value of autophagy-related lncRNAs in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The expression data of autophagy-related genes and lncRNAs of the PTC patients were obtained from TCGA database. Autophagy-related-differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncs) were identified and used to establish the lncRNAs signature predicting patients' progression-free interval (PFI) in the training cohort.

Clinical characteristics of familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia in Chinese patients and comparison of free thyroxine in three immunoassay methods.

Objective: Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia (FDH) has not been thoroughly studied in the Chinese population to date. The clinical characteristics of FDH in Chinese patients were summarized, and the susceptibility of common free thyroxine (FT4) immunoassay methods was evaluated.

Methods: The study included 16 affected patients from eight families with FDH admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University.

Ablating Ion Velocity Distributions in Short-Pulse-Heated Solids via X-Ray Doppler Shifts.

Solids ablate under laser irradiation, but experiments have not previously characterized the initiation of this process at ultrarelativistic laser intensities. We present first measurements of bulk ion velocity distributions as ablation begins, captured as a function of depth via Doppler-shifted x-ray line emission from two viewing angles. Bayesian analysis indicates that bulk ions are either nearly stationary or flowing outward at the plasma sound speed.

Streaked sub-ps-resolution x-ray line shapes and implications for solid-density plasma dynamics (invited).

A high-resolution x-ray spectrometer was coupled with an ultrafast x-ray streak camera to produce time-resolved line shape spectra measured from hot, solid-density plasmas. A Bragg crystal was placed near laser-produced plasma to maximize throughput; alignment tolerances were established by ray tracing. The streak camera produced single-shot, time-resolved spectra, heavily sloped due to photon time-of-flight differences, with sufficient reproducibility to accumulate photon statistics.

Analysis of the Clinical Characteristics and Pituitary Function of Patients in Central China With Rathke's Cleft Cysts.

Objective: A Rathke's cleft cyst (RCC) is a common, benign, cystic disease that often leads to hypophyseal dysfunction or head symptoms. The relationship between RCCs and pituitary gland function is not clear. We therefore carried out a study to examine this relationship in greater detail.

A reinforcement learning-based near-optimal hierarchical approach for motion control: Design and experiment.

As a data-driven design method, model-free optimal control based on reinforcement learning provides an effective way to find optimal control strategies. The design of model-free optimal control is sensitive to system data because it relies on data rather than detailed dynamic models. A prerequisite for generating applicable data is that the system must be open-loop stable (with a stable equilibrium point), which restricts the data-based control design methods in actual control problems and leads to rare experimental studies or verification in the literature.

The Relationship Between Osteoporosis and Intestinal Microbes in the Henan Province of China.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a chronic disease in the elderly, and China is entering an aging demographic trend. In recent years, increasing evidence has demonstrated that probiotics can treat osteoporosis. This study aimed to explore the relevant mechanisms and to validate the beneficial effect on osteoporosis by high-throughput metagenome-wide gene sequencing in humans.

Solid-Density Ion Temperature from Redshifted and Double-Peaked Stark Line Shapes.

Heβ spectral line shapes are important for diagnosing temperature and density in many dense plasmas. This work presents Heβ line shapes measured with high spectral resolution from solid-density plasmas with minimized gradients. The line shapes show hallmark features of Stark broadening, including quantifiable redshifts and double-peaked structure with a significant dip between the peaks; these features are compared to models through a Markov chain Monte Carlo framework.

Super-resolution of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia CT via self-attention GAN.

Background And Objective: Computed tomography (CT) examination plays an important role in screening suspected and confirmed patients in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), and the efficient acquisition of high-quality medical CT images is essential for the clinical application of computer-aided diagnosis technology. Therefore, improving the resolution of CT images of pneumonia is a very important task.

Methods: Aiming at the problem of how to recover the texture details of the reconstructed PCP CT super-resolution image, we propose the image super-resolution reconstruction model based on self-attention generation adversarial network (SAGAN).

OTUB1 alleviates NASH through inhibition of the TRAF6-ASK1 signaling pathways.

Background And Aims: NAFLD is considered as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, which includes insulin resistance, obesity and hyperlipidemia. NASH is a progressive stage of NAFLD with severe hepatic steatosis, hepatocyte death, inflammation, and fibrosis. Currently, no pharmacological interventions specifically tailored for NASH are approved.

Performance of MoS/Zr Composite Coatings at Different Deposition Temperatures.

The properties of the MoS/Zr coatings can be significantly affected by the deposition temperature. In this study, the MoS/Zr composite coatings were fabricated on the cemented carbide surface, utilizing the duplex deposition technology at various deposition temperatures. The effects of deposition temperature on the mechanical and friction properties of the MoS/Zr coatings were systematically studied.

Berberine activates the β-catenin/TCF4 signaling pathway by down-regulating miR-106b to promote GLP-1 production by intestinal L cells.

Berberine facilitates the production of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) by intestinal L cells. Here, we aimed to reveal the mechanism of berberine facilitating the production of GLP-1 by intestinal L cells. In this study, we confirmed that the 100 mg/kg berberine daily through diet decreased the miR-106b expression and elevated the expressions of β-catenin and T-cell factor 4 (TCF4) in colon tissues of high-fat diet mice; berberine decreased the concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol and the ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in mouse serum samples; berberine decreased the blood glucose in the mouse tail vein blood and promoted GLP-1 production by intestinal L cells in mouse serum samples and elevated the GLP-1 expression in mouse colon tissues.