Thrombotic pulmonary embolism of inferior vena cava during caesarean section: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Thrombotic pulmonary embolism (TPE) is one of the most critical diseases in obstetrics but is rarely reported in caesarean section (CS) because TPE patients in CS have a high risk of death and are difficult to diagnose. This case report of TPE during CS was recorded by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and can provide a reference for the differential diagnosis of critical illnesses in CS.

Case Summary: A 37-year-old pregnant woman with rheumatic heart disease (RHD), gravida 5 and para 1 (G5P1), presented for emergency CS at 33 wk and 3 d of gestation under general anesthesia because of acute heart failure, pulmonary hypertension and arrhythmia.

[Comparison of three analgesic methods for postoperative pain relief and their effects on plasma interleukin-6 concentration following radical surgery for gastric carcinoma].

Objective: To compare the efficacy of preemptive epidural analgesia combined with postoperative epidural analgesia, postoperative epidural analgesia alone and intravenous analgesia for postoperative pain relief and their effects on plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration following radical surgery for gastric carcinoma.

Methods: Sixty-six patients with gastric carcinoma scheduled for gastrectomy were randomly divided into 3 groups, namely group P (n=22), group E (n=22) and group V (n=22), to receive preemptive epidural analgesia combined with postoperative epidural analgesia, exclusive postoperative epidural analgesia, and exclusive postoperative intravenous analgesia, respectively. Hemodynamic data were recorded for all the patients during the operation, and visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess the pain intensity at 4, 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 h after surgery.