Propofol Affects Different Human Brain Regions Depending on Depth of Sedation(△).

Objective: To investigate the effect of propofol on brain regions at different sedation levels and the association between changes in brain region activity and loss of consciousness using blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) and bispectral index (BIS) monitoring.

Methods: Forty-eight participants were enrolled at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from October 2011 to March 2012 and randomly assigned to a mild or a deep sedation group using computer- generated random numbers. Preliminary tests were performed a week prior to scanning to determine target effect site concentrations based on BIS and concomitant Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation scores while under propofol.

Sevoflurane preconditioning improving cerebral focal ischemia-reperfusion damage in a rat model via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

In this study, we aimed to assess the neuroprotective effect of sevoflurane preconditioning in a cerebral focal ischemia-reperfusion rat model. Sixty Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups: sham operated group, cerebral focal ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) group, CIR+sevoflurane preconditioning (SP) (2%) group, CIR+sevoflurane preconditioning (2.5%) group, CIR+sevoflurane preconditioning (3%) group, and CIR+sevoflurane preconditioning (3.

Effect of Sevoflurane postconditioning on gene expression in brain tissue of the middle cerebral artery occlusion rat model.

Ischemic postconditioning has been described in both heart and brain. The first aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Sevoflurane postconditioning (SP) on brain biochemical parameters, Bcl-2, Bax, c-Fos and Caspase-3 protein levels and Bcl-2, Bax, TNF-α and Caspase-3 mRNA expression in the middle cerebral artery occlusion model. Results showed that SP markedly decreased cerebral oxidative injury and improved immunity activity.

[An audit of perioperative fluid management and electrolyte monitoring in children undergoing surgery for scoliosis].

Objective: To audite and compare the perioperative practices of intravenous fluids and electrolyte & glucose monitoring in children undergoing operations for scoliosis in 2008, 2010, prior to and after the publication of guideline in 2009.

Methods: Retrospective audit was conducted at Peking Union Medical College Hospital, a tertiary referral teaching hospital in Beijing, China. Children under 14 years old with scoliosis treated surgically in 2008 and 2010 were recruited.

Inhibition of sevoflurane postconditioning against cerebral ischemia reperfusion-induced oxidative injury in rats.

The volatile anesthetic sevoflurane is capable of inducing preconditioning and postconditioning effects in the brain. In this study, we investigated the effects of sevoflurane postconditioning on antioxidant and immunity indexes in cerebral ischemia reperfusion (CIR) rats. Rats were randomly assigned to five separate experimental groups I-V.

[Psychedelic effects of subanesthetic doses of ketamine].

Objective: To study the psychedelic effects in healthy volunteers when given subanesthetic dose of ketamine.

Methods: Thirteen male healthy volunteers aged 24-39 years were enrolled. All subjects received subanesthetic doses of ketamine using target control infusion.

[Comparison of cerebral state index and bispectral index accuracies in sedation monitoring during target control infusion of midazolam].

Objective: To compare the accuracies of cerebral state index (CSI) and bispectral index (BIS) in sedation monitoring during target control infusion of midazolam.

Methods: Twenty informed adult male volunteers were intravenously administered with midazolam through plasma target control infusion from 30ng/ml (in increments of 10ng/ml every time) until they became unresponsive to tactile stimulation (i. e.