Comprehensive identification of microRNA arm selection preference in lung cancer: miR-324-5p and -3p serve oncogenic functions in lung cancer.

MicroRNA (miRNA/miR) dysfunction is a hallmark of lung cancer, and results in the dysregulation of tumor suppressors and oncogenes during lung cancer progression. Selection of the 5p and 3p arms of miRNA is a mechanism that improves the modulation of miRNA biological functions and complicates the regulatory network in human types of cancer. However, the involvement of arm selection preference of miRNA in lung cancer remains unclear.

MicroRNA-324 in Human Cancer: miR-324-5p and miR-324-3p Have Distinct Biological Functions in Human Cancer.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that have crucial regulatory functions in carcinogenesis. miR-324-5p and miR-324-3p are generated from the same hairpin RNA structure, however, both are diverse in their direct target genes and expression levels. We report that expression of miR-324-5p and -3p was frequently observed to be either up-regulated or down-regulated, and the selection preference of miR-324 for 5p and 3p arms significantly varied in various types or human cancer.

Arm Selection Preference of MicroRNA-193a Varies in Breast Cancer.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs derived from the 3' and 5' ends of the same precursor. However, the biological function and mechanism of miRNA arm expression preference remain unclear in breast cancer. We found significant decreases in the expression levels of miR-193a-5p but no significant differences in those of miR-193a-3p in breast cancer.

Emerging role of microRNAs in modulating endothelin-1 expression in gastric cancer.

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a small 21-amino acid peptide that is known to exert diverse biological effects on a wide variety of tissues and cell types through its own receptors. The ET-1-ETRA axis is frequently dysfunctional in numerous types of carcinomas, and contributes to the promotion of cell growth and migration. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play a critical role in carcinogenesis through mRNA degradation or the translational inhibition of cancer-associated protein-coding genes.

Co-modulated behavior and effects of differentially expressed miRNA in colorectal cancer.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs (approximately 22 nucleotides in length) that play important roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression through silencing gene expression. Numerous dysregulated miRNAs simultaneously participate in the process of colon cancer development. However, the detailed mechanisms and biological functions of co-expressed miRNA in colorectal carcinogenesis have yet to be fully elucidated.

Comprehensive analysis of microRNAs in breast cancer.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs (approximately 22 nucleotides in length) that play important roles in breast cancer progression by downregulating gene expression. The detailed mechanisms and biological functions of miRNA molecules in breast carcinogenesis have yet to be fully elucidated. This study used bioinformatics and experimental approaches to conduct detailed analysis of the dysregulated miRNAs, arm selection preferences, 3' end modifications, and position shifts in isoforms of miRNAs (isomiRs) in breast cancer.