Iterative selection of lipid nanoparticle vaccine adjuvants for rapid elicitation of tumoricidal CD8⁺ T cells.

A challenge for cancer vaccines is to elicit immune responses of sufficient magnitude to control malignant tumor growth and spread. In this study, we iteratively screened a panel of 22 lipid-phase vaccine adjuvants in mice for the elicitation of neoantigen-specific CD8⁺ T cell responses, using an integrated peptide-lipid nanoparticle approach. CL401, a dual Toll-like receptor 2/7 (TLR2/7) adjuvant rapidly induced neoantigen-specific T cell responses and improved lymphatic drainage and uptake of the particle.

Platinum Wire-Embedded Culturing Device for Interior Signal Recording from Lollipop-Shaped Neural Spheroids.

Three-dimensional (3D) neural cultures are increasingly recognized for their complexity and resemblance to in vivo neural microenvironments. In this paper, we present a novel 3D cell culturing and noninvasive characterization technique of neural spheroids. Based on embedded platinum wires, the cultured cells are lollipop-shaped spheroids where axons are extended and integrated around the embedded wires.

Through-space charge-transfer polybenzonorbornenes with thermally activated delayed fluorescence and full-color piezochromism.

Through-space charge-transfer polybenzonorbornenes, consisting of a carbazole donor and dimesitylboron acceptor in the -positions of phenyl units on the benzonorbornene repeating unit, have been developed, revealing efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence emission and full-colorpiezochromism.

Comparative Analysis of Hearing Loss Induced by Cisplatin Versus Carboplatin in Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Early to Mid-Term Findings.

Introduction: To investigate the clinical course of ototoxicity induced by induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (iCRT), and to determine whether replacing cisplatin with carboplatin in iCRT can reduce hearing damage in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate hearing loss in patients with locally advanced NPC treated with carboplatin or cisplatin-based iCRT. Bone conduction hearing thresholds were measured before treatment and at 1 week, 3-6 months and 12-18 months following treatment.

CIDEB promotes lipid deposition in goat intramuscular adipocytes.

Objective: CIDEB (Cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor alpha-like effector B), a family member of CIDEs (Cell death-inducing DFF45-like effectors), is well known as a crucial regulator for lipid metabolic signaling pathways in various metabolic tissues and secretory glands. However, its role in regulating intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition in goat remains unclear.

Methods: The expression vector pcDNA3.

Melatonin regulates rabbit sperm motility and kinematics via the MT1/PKC signaling pathway.

Objective: Melatonin, a highly conserved molecule, is essential for various physiological functions. Research suggests that incorporating melatonin into semen extender is beneficial to livestock sperm. However, the effect of melatonin on rabbit sperm and the molecular mechanism of melatonin-regulated rabbit sperm motility and kinematics remains unclear.

Change in adipose tissue characteristics and lipid metabolism in natural grazing Mongolian cattle with age.

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the lipid composition, characteristics, and metabolic mechanisms of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in natural grazing Mongolian cattle during its development.

Methods: The experimental animals consisted of castrated Mongolian cattle, divided into two groups: 10 months old (10 M, n = 12, average weight: 113.26 ± 0.

SuperDecode: an integrated toolkit for analyzing mutations induced by genome editing.

Genome editing using CRISPR/Cas or other systems has become a cornerstone of numerous biological and applied research fields. However, detecting the resulting mutations by analysis of sequencing data remains time-consuming and inefficient. In response to this issue, we designed SuperDecode, an integrated software toolkit for analyzing editing outcomes using a range of sequencing strategies.

Thermal Compensatory Response of Soil Heterotrophic Respiration Following Wildfire.

Frequent wildfires pose a serious threat to carbon (C) dynamics of forest ecosystems under a warming climate. Yet, how wildfires alter the temperature sensitivity () of soil heterotrophic respiration () as a critical parameter determining the C efflux from burned landscapes remains unknown. We conducted a field survey and two confirmatory experiments in two fire-prone regions of China at <1, 3, 6, and 12 months after wildfires ( = 160 soil samples).

YBX1 Modulates Intimal Hyperplasia by Regulating Expression and Alternative Splicing of Cell Cycle Associated Genes in RASMCs.

YBX1, a DNA-/RNA-binding protein, is implicated in various diseases, yet its role in intimal hyperplasia (IH) remains unclear. This study investigates YBX1's function in rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs) through knockdown experiments. Results show that YBX1 knockdown reduces cell proliferation and migration while inducing apoptosis.

Stacking-Dependent Correlated Gap and Kondo Peak in the Heterophase Bilayer with Picometer-Level Interlayer Shift.

Two-dimensional heterojunctions provide a versatile platform for exploring various quantum properties. Here, we create bilayer 1T/2H-NbSe heterophase junctions and realize two types of stacking configurations with picometer-level lattice shifts. By high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy, we found that the electronic states are highly dependent on the stacking configurations of the 1T layer on the 2H one.

The novel GSDMD inhibitor GI-Y2 exerts antipyroptotic effects to reduce atherosclerosis.

Introduction: Gasdermin D (GSDMD) and the pyroptosis it mediates are importantly involved in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Identifying and developing new inhibitors of GSDMD could be a promising strategy for treating pyroptosis-mediated diseases, such as atherosclerosis.

Objectives: We aimed to develop new inhibitor of GSDMD in atherosclerosis, as well as clarify the mechanisms underlying this inhibiting effect.

Mendelian randomization provides a multi-omics perspective on the regulation of genes involved in ribosome biogenesis in relation to cardiac structure and function.

Background: Ribosome biogenesis (RiboSis) is a complex process for generating ribosomes, the cellular machinery responsible for protein synthesis. Dysfunctional RiboSis can disrupt cardiac structure and function, contributing to cardiovascular diseases. This study employed a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, integrating multi-omics data, to investigate the relationship between RiboSis-related genes and standard cardiac structure and function.

IDO1 inhibition enhances CLDN18.2-CAR-T cell therapy in gastrointestinal cancers by overcoming kynurenine-mediated metabolic suppression in the tumor microenvironment.

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has achieved remarkable success in hematologic malignancies but faces significant limitations in gastrointestinal tumors due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), a key enzyme in the TME, suppresses T cell efficacy by catalyzing tryptophan degradation to kynurenine (Kyn), leading to T cell exhaustion and reduced cytotoxicity. This study investigates the role of IDO1 inhibition in overcoming metabolic suppression by kynurenine and enhancing Claudin18.

Prediction of herbal compatibility for colorectal adenoma treatment based on graph neural networks.

Colorectal adenoma is a common precancerous lesion with a high risk of malignant transformation. Traditional Chinese medicine and its complex prescriptions have shown promising efficacy in the treatment of adenomas; however, there remains a lack of systematic understanding regarding the compatibility patterns within these prescriptions, as well as an effective model for predicting therapeutic outcomes. In this study, we collected numerous TCM prescriptions and their components, recommended by experts for the treatment of colorectal adenoma, and developed a heterogeneous graph neural network model to predict the compatibility strength and probability among the herbs within these prescriptions.

Combined morphological and molecular approaches to the clinical diagnosis of Necator americanus infection: a case report.

Background: Hookworm infection remains of considerable importance to public health. However, because critical cases caused by hookworm infection are rarely observed in China, accurate and prompt diagnoses are difficult to achieve in clinical practice. In this study, we describe how we combined morphological and molecular approaches to achieve the clinical diagnosis of hookworm infection.

Practice of core competence training for orthopedic nurses in Hunan Province of China.

Objectives: This study aims to present a preliminary exploration of an orthopedic nurse specialist training program in Hunan Province, China, and to explore the effectiveness of training.

Methods: The training programme consisted of one month of theoretical training and two months of clinical practice training. The training content was set around four modules: theoretical knowledge, professional skills, comprehensive practice, and professional development.

Addition of thoracic radiotherapy to a PD-L1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy regimen delays brain metastasis onset in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer patients without baseline brain metastasis.

Background: With the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and the discovery of the synergistic effect of radiotherapy and immunotherapy, the intracranial benefit of thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) is receiving signiffcant clinical attention. The purpose of this study was to analyze the cranial benefits of ICIs and TRT in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) without baseline brain metastases (BMs).

Materials And Methods: From August 2019 to August 2022, data from patients diagnosed with ES-SCLC without baseline BMs were retroactively recorded.

Development and validation of a predictive model for diagnosing EBER-positive lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Purpose: This study aims to identify distinguishing factors between EBER-positive lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and non-neoplastic EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Additionally, we developed and validated a predictive diagnostic model based on these factors.

Methods: To evaluate the early identification of individuals with EBER-positive lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis versus non-neoplastic EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, we carried out a retrospective cohort research.

From teeth to bone: dental caries has causal effects on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture.

Objectives: Evidence from observational studies suggested oral diseases (periodontitis (PD) and dental caries) may increase susceptibility to bone loss. However, inherent confounding of observational studies limits causal interpretation. We aimed to conduct Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to estimate the causal effect of oral diseases on osteoporosis (OP), bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk.

Cholesterol promotes hair growth through activating sympathetic nerves and enhancing the proliferation of hair follicle stem cells.

The regulatory mechanisms by which cholesterol influences hair regeneration remain incompletely understood. This study investigates the effects of cholesterol on hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) proliferation and hair regeneration, with a focus on the underlying molecular mechanisms. Subcutaneous cholesterol injections in C57BL/6 mice significantly enhanced hair regeneration by promoting HFSCs proliferation.

tRF-5028c disrupts trophoblast function in recurrent spontaneous abortion by inhibiting CRKL-mediated Rap1 signaling pathway.

Background: Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) affects approximately 1-5% of childbearing women and poses a significant threat to global reproductive health. Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a novel class of noncoding RNAs implicated in various human diseases. However, the role and mechanism of tsRNAs in regulating trophoblast function during RSA development remain unknown.

Comparative genomics and phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial genomes of Neocinnamomum.

Background: Neocinnamomum plants are considered a promising feedstock for biodiesel in China, due to the richness in long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) found in their seeds. However, the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of this genus has not yet been systematically described, and the exploration of species relationships within this genus using mitogenome sequences is also an uncharted territory. This has hindered our understanding of mitogenome diversity and the evolutionary relationships within Neocinnamomum.

Label-Free Multiphoton Microscopy for Diagnosis of Psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a global problem that significantly affects patients both physically and mentally. Accurate and rapid detection of psoriasis is crucial for diagnosis and treatment. Herein, we utilized multiphoton microscopy (MPM) to rapidly image psoriasis in imiquimod-induced mouse and human psoriatic samples.