Publications by authors named "Shotaro Aso"
Background Data on the first-line treatment options for patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are limited. Therefore, we evaluated the outcome of pentamidine compared to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) in non-HIV patients with PCP. Methods We used data from the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination Inpatient Database.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: In Japan, the current coverage rate of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is only 30%, and the rate of biennial cervical screening is 40%. The Japanese Government has attempted to increase the coverage of HPV vaccination and cervical screening. We analyzed the cost-effectiveness of the 9-valent HPV vaccine and cervical screening in Japan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) has a poor prognosis. Patients with shockable rhythms often have better outcomes than those with nonshockable rhythms. A previous study reported a decline in shockable rhythms and poorer outcomes with the use of beta-blockers before OHCA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To compare the outcomes of open appendectomy (OA) and laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) for acute appendicitis during pregnancy by trimester.
Methods: We conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study using the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database in Japan. We identified pregnant women diagnosed with appendicitis who underwent OA or LA from 2010 to 2022.
In 2021, vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 were developed, and the Omicron variant emerged. This study compared the characteristics, treatments, and mortality of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between 2022 and 2020-2021, using administrative claims data linked with vaccine records in a Japanese city. We identified patients underwent COVID-19 antigen or polymerase chain reaction tests and were diagnosed with COVID-19.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Although the kidney failure risk equation (KFRE), a well-known predictive model for predicting dialysis dependency, is useful, it remains unclear whether the addition of biomarker changes to the KFRE model in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <30 ml/min/1.73 m will improve its predictive value.
Methods: We retrospectively identified adults with eGFR <30 ml/min/1.
Article Synopsis
- A study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of warfarin in preventing thromboembolic events in patients who have undergone a Fontan operation compared to those not using warfarin.
- The research analyzed data from 2007 patients over a follow-up period of 2.1 years, finding no significant differences in the incidence of thromboembolic or bleeding events between warfarin users and non-users.
- The findings suggest that routine use of warfarin for thromboembolism prevention in pediatric Fontan patients may not be necessary, indicating the need for further research on this topic.
Objective: To compare conservative management and appendectomy for acute appendicitis during pregnancy by trimester.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study used data from a national inpatient database from July 2010 to March 2022. Pregnant women diagnosed with acute appendicitis were included.
Objectives: Low-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) may be a treatment option for patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP). However, its effectiveness in patients without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has yet to be thoroughly investigated.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study used data extracted from the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database.
Objectives: OK-432 (Picibanil) and talc are used in patients with persistent pulmonary air leaks. However, it is unclear which of these two agents is more effective.
Methods: This retrospective study used data from the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database.
Purpose: Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) is effective for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma; however, it awaits approval in Japan. This study aimed to simulate the cost-effectiveness of TARE over chemoembolization when TARE is approved in Japan and identify the requirements for cost-effectiveness.
Materials And Methods: A Markov model was constructed to analyze the costs and effectiveness associated with TARE and transarterial chemoembolization with drug-eluting beads (DEB-TACE) for 2-month cycles over 5 years.
Background: Shoseiryuto, a Japanese herbal medicine, is used to treat asthma exacerbation; however, the effect of Shoseiryuto in a clinical setting is yet to be elucidated. We aimed to examine the effect of Shoseiryuto for inpatients with asthma exacerbation and the reduction in the total amount of intravenous steroids administered during hospitalization, in-hospital mortality, and length of hospital stay using a national inpatient database in Japan.
Methods: Using data from the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database (July 2010-March 2022), we identified patients aged ≥18 years who were admitted due to asthma exacerbation.
Article Synopsis
- Olanzapine is used to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in lung cancer patients, with doses of 2.5 mg and 5 mg being compared for effectiveness.
- A study analyzed data from a national database, focusing on patients receiving these doses during high-emetogenic chemotherapy and assessing factors like additional antiemetic drugs, hospital stay length, and costs.
- Results showed that the 2.5 mg dose led to more patients needing extra antiemetic drugs compared to the 5 mg dose, while hospitalization length and costs were similar for both doses.
Background: Although combination therapy of echinocandins with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) has been reported for patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), the effectiveness of this combination therapy in patients with PCP without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remains unknown.
Methods: Data from the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database was used to identify non-HIV patients who underwent their first hospitalisation for PCP between April 2012 and March 2022. The patients were divided into those treated with TMP-SMX alone and those treated with TMP-SMX combined with echinocandins.
Objective This study explored the prognostic factors of in-hospital mortality in patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, using a Japanese nationwide inpatient database. Methods We extracted the data of patients with PCP without HIV infection between July 2010 and March 2022 from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database. We performed multivariable logistic regression analyses to identify the prognostic factors of in-hospital mortality in with PCP without HIV infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study investigates the features, treatment methods, and outcomes of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP) in patients with heritable connective tissue disorders such as Marfan, Ehlers-Danlos, and Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndromes.
- Data from a nationwide database in Japan included 524 SSP patients across 884 hospitalizations, comparing surgical versus nonsurgical interventions.
- Results indicated that surgical patients experienced lower readmission rates for pneumothorax, with younger patients and those with specific syndromes exhibiting a higher risk of recurrence, providing valuable insights for clinical decision-making.
Background: Agonal breathing is a relatively common symptom that follows cardiac arrest when the brainstem function is preserved. Agonal breathing is associated with favorable survival in patients experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). While previous studies focused on agonal breathing observed in the pre-hospital setting for all study subjects, we focused on agonal breathing observed upon hospital arrival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objective: Pyrazinamide (PZA) is the standard first-line treatment for tuberculosis (TB); however, its safety in elderly patients has not been thoroughly investigated.
Methods: This retrospective study used data from the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database. We identified patients who were admitted for TB between July 2010 and March 2022.
Article Synopsis
- Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) may help control shivering during targeted temperature management (TTM) for cardiac arrest patients, but their impact on neurological outcomes was unclear, prompting this study.* -
- Conducted from 2019 to 2021, the study analyzed 516 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients; 337 received NMBAs during TTM, showing higher rates of favorable neurological outcomes compared to those who did not.* -
- The results indicated that NMBAs were linked to better neurologic outcomes, especially in patients with initial shockable rhythms and no signs of severe brain damage, suggesting potential benefits in specific patient groups.*
Background: Miliary tuberculosis (TB) is a fatal disease; thus, prompt diagnosis and immediate intervention are indispensable. However, the risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with miliary TB remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the factors associated with in-hospital mortality in patients with miliary TB using a Japanese nationwide inpatient database.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: This study aimed to assess the association between gasping and survival among out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients requiring extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR).
Methods: This prospective, multicenter, observational study was conducted between 2019 and 2021. We categorized adult patients requiring ECPR into those with or without gasping prior to hospital arrival.
Background: The endobronchial silicone spigot, also known as the endobronchial Watanabe spigot, is used in bronchoscopic interventions to manage prolonged pulmonary air leakage. However, the outcomes of this procedure have not been thoroughly investigated.
Methods: Using a Japanese national inpatient database from April 2014 to March 2022, we assessed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of all eligible patients who received the endobronchial spigot.
Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used for decades, but optimal anticoagulation control remains unknown. This study aimed to compare shorter target activated coagulation time (ACT) criteria with the usual target ACT criteria in terms of complications.
Methods: We retrospectively identified patients who received ECMO between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2018 in an acute tertiary care hospital.