A mesocorticolimbic insulin receptor gene co-expression network moderates the association between early life adversity and food approach eating behaviour style in childhood.

Insulin receptors, located in brain regions associated with reward sensitivity and decision-making, facilitate insulin action in the brain, modulating intracellular signaling cascades, gene expression, and neural activity. Here, we tested if variations in the expression of the insulin receptor gene network in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and striatum (STR) moderate the association between early life adversity and eating behaviour in childhood and if this moderation is sex-specific. Participants from the Maternal Adversity, Vulnerability and Neurodevelopment (MAVAN) and Basal Influences on the Baby's Development (BIBO) were included as two independent cohorts.

Establishing the size and configuration of the imaging support workforce: a census of national workforce data in England.

Objectives: The imaging support workforce is a key enabler in unlocking imaging capacity and capability, yet no evidence exists of the workforce size and configuration. This research provides the first comprehensive analysis of workforce data to explore the deployment of the support workforce within National Health Service (NHS) imaging services in England.

Methods: Using a census methodology, an anonymized electronic staff record (ESR) data set extracted in December 2022 was analysed to identify support workers and their employment bandings at NHS Trust, regional and national (England) level.

Towards an Understanding of Population Health Data in a Single NHS Trust during COVID-19.

The objective of this study was to determine the further care needs of people discharged from the hospital following a COVID-19 illness from April-September 2020. Methods: In partnership with an NHS trust in the UK, data analysis was undertaken by linking data from the Trust, to facilitated a triage process. The intention was to provide information in a format that enabled an examination of the population data and highlight any inequality in provision.

Psychological impact of caring during the COVID-19 pandemic on HIV nurses.

The COVID-19 pandemic has created a set of unprecedented challenges for healthcare services and staff. The authors conducted a national online survey of nurses employed to work in HIV services in England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland to establish how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on the professional quality of life of HIV nurses. Professional quality of life was assessed using the ProQOL scale; 132 nurses completed the survey, 99 of whom completed the ProQOL scale.

Student nurses' career intentions following placements in general practice through the advanced training practices scheme (ATPS): findings from an online survey.

Background: The demand for General Practice services in the UK, and elsewhere, is rising quickly. In part, the increasing demand is from an aging population that requires management of multiple long-term conditions. The General Practice Nurse is increasingly taking on the role.

GP/GPN partner* perspectives on clinical placements for student nurses in general practice: can a community of practice help to change the prevailing culture within general practice?

Background: The UK Government document 5 year forward view describes the need to move chronic disease management from secondary to primary care, which will require a significant increase in the numbers of General Practice Nurses (GPNs). Until recently, there has been no specific recruitment strategy to address this increased need. In recent times, a number of solutions have been suggested to address this impending GPN recruitment crisis.

Who attends out-of-hours general practice appointments? Analysis of a patient cohort accessing new out-of-hours units.

Objectives: This report describes the patients who used additional out-of-hours (OOH) appointments offered through a UK scheme intended to increase patient access to primary care by extending OOH provision.

Design: Cohort study and survey data.

Setting: OOH appointments offered in four units in one region in England (October 2015 to November 2016).

Changing hearts and minds: examining student nurses' experiences and perceptions of a general practice placement through a 'community of practice' lens.

Background: The recent UK Government paper 'Five year forward view' describes the need to move much patient management from secondary to primary care, and this will require a significant increase in the numbers of General Practice Nurses (GPNs). Until recently, there has been no clear recruitment strategy to address this. There have however been a number of proposed solutions to address the impending GPN recruitment crisis and to increase the numbers of new GPNs in post.

Factors affecting decisions to extend access to primary care: results of a qualitative evaluation of general practitioners' views.

Objectives: To report general practitioners' (GPs') views and experiences of an Enhanced Primary Care programme (EPCP) funded as part of the Prime Minister's Challenge Fund (second wave) for England which aimed to extend patient access to primary care.

Setting: Primary care in Sheffield, England.

Participants: Semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of GPs working in 24 practices across the city.

Evaluation of a mental health liaison team. Part 2: the themes and their effect on practice.

Hospitals and emergency departments (EDs) are caring for increasing numbers of patients who present with underlying mental health issues. Managing these patients can be challenging for clinical staff who often lack the specialist knowledge and skills required to provide appropriate care. This article, part two of two on the evaluation of a newly formed mental health liaison team (MHLT) working in a general hospital, focuses on the perceptions and experiences of the MHLT participants, and explores three sub-themes derived from the interview data.

Evaluation of a mental health liaison team. Part 1: background and literature review.

Hospitals and emergency departments (EDs) are caring for increasing numbers of patients who present with underlying mental health issues. Management of these patients can be challenging for clinical staff who often lack the specialist knowledge and skills required to provide appropriate care. In April 2015, a mental health liaison service was introduced in Rotherham Hospital as part of a two-year pilot scheme.

Education for healthcare clinical support workers.

This article reviews the current situation regarding the provision of education and training for healthcare clinical support workers (HCSWs). In the UK, there has been an increasing reliance on unqualified clinical support staff to provide a significant proportion of the direct patient care in all healthcare settings. HCSWs routinely undertake several nursing activities that were traditionally the responsibility of nursing students or junior staff nurses.

Lessons learned from England's Health Checks Programme: using qualitative research to identify and share best practice.

Background: This study aimed to explore the challenges and barriers faced by staff involved in the delivery of the National Health Service (NHS) Health Check, a systematic cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment and management program in primary care.

Methods: Data have been derived from three qualitative evaluations that were conducted in 25 General Practices and involved in depth interviews with 58 staff involved all levels of the delivery of the Health Checks. Analysis of the data was undertaken using the framework approach and findings are reported within the context of research and practice considerations.

Stress and type 2 diabetes: a review of how stress contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes.

Current policy and research around type 2 diabetes (T2D) interventions largely invoke a behavioral model. We suggest that activation of the physiologic stress response (PSR) from chronic exposure to stressors, low socioeconomic status (SES), severe mental health problems, or aggressive behavior increases the risk of T2D. This article is a comprehensive review of the literature on the link between T2D and psychosocial factors focusing on prospective studies of the risk for developing diabetes.

Socioeconomic status and the risk of depression among U.K. higher education students.

Background: Many university students experience some symptoms of depression during the course of their studies but there is evidence that students from less advantaged backgrounds may be more vulnerable.

Methods: The study was a cross-sectional online survey of 923 undergraduate students attending 6 U.K.

A systematic review of studies of depression prevalence in university students.

Background: Depression is a common health problem, ranking third after cardiac and respiratory diseases as a major cause of disability. There is evidence to suggest that university students are at higher risk of depression, despite being a socially advantaged population, but the reported rates have shown wide variability across settings.

Purpose: To explore the prevalence of depression in university students.

The living with dysarthria group: implementation and feasibility of a group intervention for people with dysarthria following stroke and family members.

Background: The broad life implications of acquired dysarthria are recognized, but they have received little attention in stroke management. Reports of group therapy, which may be a suitable approach to intervention, are not available for stroke-related dysarthria.

Aims: To examine the operational feasibility of and response to a new eight-session weekly group intervention programme, Living with Dysarthria, designed for people with chronic dysarthria following stroke and their main communication partners.

Reliability of a shortened version of the Zagazig Depression Scale and prevalence of depression in an Egyptian university student sample.

Background: There is some evidence that university students are at higher risk of depression; but rates have been found to vary widely across different countries, and there have been few surveys in representative samples. This study was carried out to assess the reliability of the Arabic-language Zagazig Depression Scale (ZDS) in a sample of Egyptian university students and to use the ZDS to assess the prevalence of depression.

Methods: The study was a cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of 988 undergraduate students from Assiut University, Egypt (response rate, 82.

Analysis of an Egyptian study on the socioeconomic distribution of depressive symptoms among undergraduates.

Background: Worldwide population surveys show that prevalence of mental disorders in developing countries was as common as in industrialized countries. College life is an important stage in every person's life; unfortunately, it may be the time to experience depression for the first time. Latterly, there has been a steady increase in the number of university students diagnosed and treated as depressed patients.

Establishing the reliability and validity of the Zagazig Depression Scale in a UK student population: an online pilot study.

Background: It is thought that depressive disorders will be the second leading cause of disability worldwide by 2020. Recently, there is a steady increase in the number of university students diagnosed and treated as depression patients. It can be assumed that depression is a serious mental health problem for university students because it affects all age groups of the students either younger or older equally.