A study on selected responses and immune structures of broiler chickens with experimental colibacillosis with or without florfenicol administration.

Background: Colibacillosis in broiler chickens is associated with economic loss and localized or systemic infection. Usually, the last resort is antibacterial therapy. Insight into the disease pathogenesis, host responses and plausible immunomodulatory effects of the antibacterials is important in choosing antibacterial agent and optimization of the treatment.

A Comparative Study on Two Infection Models of Colibacillosis in Broilers: Clinical Features, Pathogenesis, and Response to Therapy.

Knowledge on the characteristics of different infection models of avian colibacillosis is mandatory for performing reliable experimental studies. This study compares the characteristics of two infection models of colibacillosis (by intratracheal and subcutaneous routes) in broilers. Broilers (125), 35 days old, were randomly allocated to four experimental ( = 20) and three control ( = 15) groups: 1) negative control; 2) intratracheal infection control; 3) subcutaneous infection control; 4) intratracheal infection (IT); 5) intratracheal infection with florfenicol administration (ITF); 6) subcutaneous infection (SC); and 7) subcutaneous infection with florfenicol administration (SCF).

A study on the effects of vitamin D supplementation on hematological parameters and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D in healthy dogs.

Background: Limited studies are available on vitamin D supplementation in dogs. This study evaluates the effect of a commercial vitamin D3 supplement on serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D as well as selected biochemical and hematological parameters in healthy dogs. Eight intact male adult dogs with a mean body weight of 20 kg from mixed breeds were included in the study.

Identification and structural characterization of small molecule inhibitors of PINK1.

Mutations in PINK1 and Parkin cause early-onset Parkinson's Disease (PD). PINK1 is a kinase which functions as a mitochondrial damage sensor and initiates mitochondrial quality control by accumulating on the damaged organelle. There, it phosphorylates ubiquitin, which in turn recruits and activates Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase.

Effect of enrofloxacin on clinical parameters and mucociliary system of broilers challenged with H9N2 avian influenza/infectious bronchitis viruses.

Background: Effect of antibacterials on mucociliary system and clinical outcome of chickens with mixed viral respiratory conditions is not properly addressed.

Objective: We evaluated enrofloxacin effects on clinical parameters and mucociliary system of broilers challenged with H9N2/IB viruses.

Methods: Broilers (105), at the age of 25 days, were randomly allocated into three groups: Group 1 (negative control), no treatment; Group 2 (positive control [PC]) challenged by intranasal and intraocular route.

Effects of pharmacological doses of niacin on subacute glucocorticoid-induced testicular damage in rats.

Glucocorticoid excess adversely affects male reproduction. This study evaluates effects of pharmacological doses of niacin on testicular structure and function in dexamethasone-treated rats. Adult rats (48) were randomly assigned to 6 equal groups: (1) Negative control (NC): normal rats; (2) Positive control (PC): dexamethasone at 7 mg/kg/day by intraperitoneal injections for 7 days; groups 3-6 (N50, N100, N200, and N400): dexamethasone and concomitant treatment with niacin at 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day by oral gavages.

Evaluation of delaying effects of different short-term dosage regimens of topical ciprofloxacin on corneal ulcer healing in an avian model.

Background: Knowledge on possible delaying effects of topical ciprofloxacin on corneal ulcer healing is scarce in avian patients.

Objectives: The study evaluates effects of different dosage regimens of topical ciprofloxacin on healing of corneal ulcer in an avian model.

Methods: One hundred and fifty adult layers were randomly allocated into two equal categories each consisted of 5 groups (n = 15): 1, negative control (NC, normal cornea); 2, positive control (PC) (birds with experimental corneal ulcer); and 3, 4 and 5, birds with corneal injury that received ciprofloxacin 0.

A study on acute oral caffeine intoxication and its treatment strategies in domestic pigeons ().

Limited knowledge is available on acute intoxication with environmental toxicants in birds. This experimental study determines features of acute caffeine intoxication and clinical outcome of different treatments in pigeons. The experiment was performed in three phases.

Effect of prophylactic vitamin C administration on the efficiency of florfenicol or sulfadiazine-trimethoprim antimicrobial therapy in chickens with staphylococcal arthritis.

Septic arthritis (SA) in chickens shows improper response to antibacterial therapy. This study evaluates the effect of prophylactic vitamin C administration on the efficiency of sulfadiazine-trimethoprim (SDT) or florfenicol (FF) in broilers with experimental SA. Broilers (210) were randomly allocated into 7 equal groups: (I) negative control (NC) (normal birds); (II) positive control (PC) arthritic birds by injection of Staphylococcus aureus in tibiotarsal joint at the age of 35 days; (III) vehicle control (injected with sterile medium); (IV) arthritic FF-treated (20 mg/kg/day); (V) arthritic vitamin C + FF-treated (as above + vitamin C at 15 g/100L of D.

Deterioration of wound healing and intense suppression of MMP-9 mRNA expression after short-term administration of different topical glucocorticoids or NSAIDs in an avian model of corneal lesions.

Background: Corneal lesions are considered among important ophthalmic conditions in avian patients. Short-term outcome of using anti-inflammatory agents in corneal lesions of birds are not well-described.

Aims: The study evaluates effects of different anti-inflammatory agents on healing of alkali burn-induced corneal lesions in layer hens as an avian model.

Effect of prophylactic administration of vitamin C in chickens with staphylococcal septic arthritis.

Background: Septic arthritis (SA) due to Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of lameness in poultry with improper response to antimicrobial therapy.

Objectives: The study evaluates the effect of prophylactic administration of vitamin C on SA induced by methicillin resistant S. aureus in chickens.

Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles by using Ferula persica Willd. gum essential oil: production, characterization and in vitro anti-cancer effects.

Objectives: Synthesizing and characterization of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) by Ferula persica gum essential oil and investigating in vitro anti-cancer effects.

Methods: Characterization of NPs was performed. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis were determined on cancerous CT26 and non-cancerous Vero cells using MTT assay and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining, respectively.

Protective effect of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) fruit hydroalcoholic extract against testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats.

Background: Finding new agents for prevention and/or treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) especially from natural sources is a demanding field.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of black mulberry (BM) (Morus nigra) fruit hydroalcoholic extract on the establishment of BPH in rats.

Materials And Methods: Forty-nine adult male rats were randomly assigned into 7 equal groups: I: Sham control (SC), a sham surgery was performed.

A comparative study on anti-inflammatory drug combinations in domestic pigeons with experimentally induced acute arthritis.

The study compares the effect of one-time administration of nonsteroidal and/or steroidal anti-inflammatory combinations by topical or intramuscular (IM) routes to pigeons with monosodium urate (MSU)-induced arthritis. Forty-five adult domestic pigeons were assigned into nine equal groups: NC, negative control; PC, positive control with arthritis; sham, sham control; T1, meloxicam + hydrocortisone; T2, dexamethasone + piroxicam; T3, meloxicam + dexamethasone; T4, hydrocortisone + piroxicam; T5, dexamethasone + hydrocortisone; T6, meloxicam + piroxicam. Arthritis was also induced in T1 to T6 birds.

, broiler health and performance: a review.

Boiss. (ZM) from Lamiaceae family, is an herb native to Iran, Pakistan, and Afghanistan with a history of use both as a condiment and a traditional medicine. The herb and/or its preparations have also shown promising effects in modern pharmacological studies.

could improve hippocampal tau protein and TNF levels and cognitive behavior defects in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: (ZM) is a plant with ethnopharmacological value which was recently tested to reduce symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of ZM essential oil on spatial cognitive and noncognitive behavior, as well as hippocampal tau protein and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) concentrations in rats with AD.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-five adult male Sprague Dawley rats (300±30 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups: control (intact rats); sham (received intracerebroventricular (ICV) microinjection of normal saline); AD control (rats with AD that did not receive any treatment); vehicle control (rats with AD that orally received tween-80, 5% (ZM essential oil vehicle) for 20 days) and experimental (rats with AD that orally received ZM essential oil 100 µl/kg/day for 20 days).

Gastro-protective effect of root hydro-methanolic extract in rats with ethanol-induced peptic ulcer.

Objective: is one of the native plants of Iran and its root is used in folk medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the gastro-protective effect of the hydro-methanolic extract of this plant's roots against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats.

Materials And Methods: The following five groups of seven rats were included in this study: control (C), gastric ulcer (GU), control omeprazole (CO) and two treatment groups (the latter 3 groups were rats with gastric ulcer that orally received omeprazole, 20 mg/kg, or the root extract at 150 and 300 mg/kg (BM 150 and BM 300, respectively) 1 hour before ulcer induction).

Immunomodulatory effects of orally administrated florfenicol in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following experimental challenge with streptococcosis/lactococcosis.

The purpose of the present work was to determine whether florfenicol (FFC) as the prominent broad-spectrum antibiotic could affect serum biochemical and immunological parameters, as well as immune-related genes expression in rainbow trout (55 ± 7.6 g) challenged with the Lactococcus garvieae and Streptococcus iniae. In the first trial, the doses of the pathogens for challenge test were determined based on LD50.

Neuroprotective Effect of Zataria Multiflora Essential Oil on Rats With Alzheimer Disease: A Mechanistic Study.

Introduction: Finding herbs with promising effects to prevent or postpone Alzheimer Disease (AD) is highly demanded. The present study aimed at clarifying plausible effects and related mechanism(s) of Zataria Multiflora Essential Oil (ZMEO) against memory impairment in a rat model of the AD.

Methods: Forty male adult rats were categorized into four groups and treated as follows: 1.

Comparative single-dose pharmacokinetics of orally administered florfenicol in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1792) at health and experimental infection with Streptococcus iniae or Lactococcus garvieae.

This study evaluates changes in the pharmacokinetic behavior of a single oral dose of florfenicol in rainbow trouts experimentally infected with Lactococcus garvieae or Streptococcus iniae. One hundred and fifty fish were randomly divided into three equal groups: 1-healthy fish, 2-fish inoculated with S. iniae (2.

Effect of pharmacological doses of niacin on testicular structure and function in normal and diabetic rats.

Male diabetic patients may experience adverse changes in testicular functions or structure. Niacin has antidyslipidemic properties in diabetic patients. We aimed to clarify the effect of pharmacological doses of niacin on testicular structure and function of normal and diabetic rats.

Therapeutic effect of simvastatin on DMBA-induced breast cancer in mice.

Preclinical studies have shown positive effects of statins against specific cancers. This study aimed to determine the therapeutic effect of simvastatin in 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer. Female albino mice were divided into two groups, with or without DMBA administration.

Protective effect of leaf hydro alcoholic extract against experimentally-induced atherosclerosis in rats.

Objective: Finding compounds that could be used for prevention of atherosclerosis (AS) is highly desired. The present study evaluated the protective effects of (UD, commonly known as stinging nettle) leaf ethanolic extract against high-fat diet-induced AS in rats.

Materials And Methods: In this study, 40 male adult Sprauge-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to 4 equal groups and treated as follows for 9 consecutive weeks: (1) Normal control (NC; normal rats that were fed with a basic diet); (2) Atherosclerotic rats (AT; which received no particular treatment); (3) Atherosclerotic rats that received 100 mg/kg/day ethanolic extract of UD orally and (4) Atherosclerotic rats that received simvastatin 4 mg/kg/day orally.

Rosa damascena Mill. Essential Oil Has Protective Effect Against Testicular Damage in Diabetic Rats.

This study investigates the protective effect of Rosa damascena essential oil on diabetes-induced testicular damage in rats. Thirty-six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 equal groups: Group I: negative control (no treatment); Group II: positive control (diabetic by alloxan injection); Groups III-VI that rendered diabetic and received, respectively, 50, 100, 200, and 400 µg/kg/day rose oil, orally for 28 days. Rose oil did not significantly change body weight and blood glucose level as compared to positive control.