Long-term Outcomes of Early-stage Non-stomach Gastrointestinal Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Treated With Radiation Therapy.

Background/aim: Non-stomach gastrointestinal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is rare, and there are only a few reports regarding radiation therapy (RT) for non-stomach gastrointestinal MALT lymphoma. There has been no established cure and no reports on RT use with long-term follow-up. Herein, we report a retrospective long-term investigation of early-stage non-stomach gastrointestinal MALT lymphoma.

[Indications and Practice of a New Radionuclide Therapy, 177Lu-DOTATATE in Japan].

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy(PRRT)is a pioneer drug in the rapid development of radio-theranostics, and a paradigm-shifting approach to treat neuroendocrine tumor( NET). The NETTER-1 trial for NETs of the midgut is currently the only global phase Ⅲ prospective clinical trial demonstrating the efficacy and safety of PRRT. In Japan, phase Ⅰ and Ⅰ/Ⅱ trials for lung and gastroenteropancreatic NETs were also conducted, and regulatory approval was granted in June of 2021.

Factors Contributing to Tumor Shrinkage after Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy in Patients with Unresectable Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Peptide receptor activation therapy (PRRT) is a promising treatment option for metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). However, predicting tumor shrinkage before treatment is challenging. We analyzed the shrinkage rate of each metastatic tumor lesion to identify predictive factors related to shrinkage.

Neuroendocrine tumor theranostics.

Theranostics is a term coined by combining the words "therapeutics" and "diagnostics," referring to single chemical entities developed to deliver therapy and diagnosis simultaneously. Neuroendocrine tumors are rare cancers that occur in various organs of the body, and they express neuroendocrine factors such as chromogranin A and somatostatin receptor. Somatostatin analogs bind to somatostatin receptor, and when combined with diagnostic radionuclides, such as gamma-emitters, are utilized for diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumor.

Safety and response after peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with Lu-DOTATATE for neuroendocrine tumors in phase 1/2 prospective Japanese trial.

Background: The present prospective phase 1/2 study aimed to elucidate the efficacy and safety of Lu-DOTATATE (four cycles of 7.4 GBq) in Japanese patients with unresectable, progressive neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).

Methods: From April 2018 to October 2020, 15 patients with advanced NETs (five midgut, eight pancreatic, and two lung NETs) were enrolled.

Safety and efficacy of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with Lu-DOTA-Tyr-octreotate in combination with amino acid solution infusion in Japanese patients with somatostatin receptor-positive, progressive neuroendocrine tumors.

Purpose: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with Lu-DOTA-Tyr-octreotate (Lu-DOTATATE) is one of the most reliable treatments for unresectable, progressive neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) with somatostatin receptor expression. We have, for the first time, reported the results of the tolerability, safety, pharmacokinetics, dosimetry, and efficacy of this treatment for Japanese patients with NET.

Methods: Patients with unresectable, somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS)-positive NETs were enrolled in this phase I clinical trial.

Retrospective study of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy for Japanese patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumors.

Background: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with radiolabeled somatostatin analogs is an innovative treatment for advanced somatostatin-positive neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). PRRT cannot be performed in Japan because there is no approval or insurance cover so far.

Methods: We relied on foreign institutions to perform PRRT for Japanese patients with NETs.

Impact of superselective intra-arterial and systemic chemoradiotherapy for gingival carcinoma; analysis of treatment outcomes and prognostic factors.

Background: We compared outcomes and toxicities between concurrent retrograde super-selective intra-arterial chemoradiotherapy (IACRT) and concurrent systemic chemoradiotherapy (SCRT) for gingival carcinoma (GC).

Methods: We included 84 consecutive patients who were treated for non-metastatic GC ≥ stage III, from 2006 to 2018, in this retrospective analysis (IACRT group: n = 66; SCRT group: n = 18).

Results: The median follow-up time was 24 (range: 1-124) months.

Outcome of Radiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Vulvar Carcinoma: Analysis of Inguinal Lymph Node.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to define the outcome of radiation therapy for vulvar carcinoma, and to investigate the effectiveness of therapeutic and prophylactic inguinal lymph node (ILN) irradiation. Because reports about the treatment of ILN were limited.

Patients And Methods: Thirty consecutive vulvar carcinoma patients were treated using external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) for definitive disease (n=25) or postoperatively (n=5).

Outcomes of treatment for localized prostate cancer in a single institution: comparison of radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy by propensity score matching analysis.

Objectives: To compare the outcomes of radical prostatectomy (RP), intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), and low-dose-rate brachytherapy (BT) using propensity score matching analysis in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer.

Methods: A group of 2273 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer between January 2004 and December 2015 at the Yokohama City University hospital were identified. The records of 1817 of these patients, who were followed up for a minimum of 2 years, were reviewed; 462 were treated with RP, 319 with IMRT, and 1036 with BT.

Outcome of postoperative radiation therapy for cholangiocarcinoma and analysis of dose-volume histogram of remnant liver.

The aim of this study was to analyze dose-volume histogram (DVH) of the remnant liver for postoperative cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients, to find toxicity rates, and to confirm efficacy of postoperative radiation therapy (RT).Thirty-two postoperative CCA patients received partial liver resection and postoperative RT with curative intent. The "liver reduction rate" was calculated by contouring liver volume at computed tomography (CT) just before the surgery and at CT for planning the RT.

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy using TomoDirect for postoperative radiation of left-sided breast cancer including lymph node area: comparison with TomoHelical and three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy.

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) delivers an excellent dose distribution compared with conventional three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) for postoperative radiation including the lymph nodes in breast cancer patients. The TomoTherapy system, developed exclusively for IMRT, has two treatment modes: TomoDirect (TD) with a fixed gantry angle for beam delivery, and TomoHelical (TH) with rotational beam delivery. We compared the characteristics of TD with TH and 3D-CRT plans in the breast cancer patients.

Acute and late toxicities in localized prostate cancer patients treated with low-dose I brachytherapy (110 Gy) in combination with external beam radiation therapy versus brachytherapy alone (160 Gy).

Purpose: The aim of this analysis was to compare acute and late toxicities between low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) (110 Gy) in combination with 45 Gy in 25 fractions external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and LDR-BT (160 Gy) alone for localized prostate cancer.

Material And Methods: One hundred five consecutive patients with localized prostate cancer treated from May 2014 to May 2017 were included in this retrospective analysis. Sixty patients received combination therapy and 45 patients received BT monotherapy.

Radiation Therapy for Patients with Bone Metastasis from Uterine Cervical Cancer: Its Role and Optimal Radiation Regimen for Palliative Care.

Aim: To determine the role of radiation therapy for patients with bone metastasis from uterine cervical cancer and identify an optimal radiation regimen.

Patients And Methods: A total of 20 patients with bone metastases from uterine cervical cancer received radiation therapy to the pelvis. The median total dose of 60.

Radiation therapy for stage IVA uterine cervical cancer: treatment outcomes including prognostic factors and risk of vesicovaginal and rectovaginal fistulas.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of radiation therapy for stage IVA uterine cervical cancer and to identify an optimal radiation regimen.

Results: Seventeen of the 28 patients developed recurrence after radiation therapy (local recurrence in 10 and distant metastasis in 12). The local control and distant metastasis-free rates at 3 years in all patients were 61% and 49%, respectively.

Clinical Usefulness of Somatostatin Receptor Scintigraphy in Japanese Patients with Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Background/aims: Somatostatin receptor (SSTR) scintigraphy (SRS) is the standard imaging modality for evaluation of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (GEP-NET) in Western countries. However, this modality was not approved in Japan until recently. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of SRS for detecting GEP-NET in Japanese patients.

Clinical and dosimetric predictors of late rectal bleeding of prostate cancer after TomoTherapy intensity modulated radiation therapy.

Introduction: Rectal bleeding after radiotherapy impacts the quality of life of long-term surviving prostate cancer patients. We sought to identify factors associated with late rectal bleeding following intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) using TomoTherapy for prostate cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed 82 patients with localised prostate cancer treated with TomoTherapy.

Pharmacokinetics of single dose radium-223 dichloride (BAY 88-8223) in Japanese patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and bone metastases.

Objective: This open-label, non-randomized, phase I study examined the pharmacokinetics (PK) and radiation dosimetry of a single dose of radium-223 in Japanese patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and bone metastases.

Methods: Six male Japanese patients (mean age 72.5 years, range 65-79 years) with histologically or cytologically confirmed stage IV adenocarcinoma of the prostate were recruited.

Definitive chemo-radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the pharynx: impact of baseline low hemoglobin level (<12 g/dL) and post-radiation therapy F-18 FDG-PET/CT.

Objective: To identify reliable predictors of overall survival (OS), locoregional control (LC), and metastasis-free survival (MFS) after definitive concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (CCRT) for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the pharynx (nasopharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx), we examined 16 potential prognostic factors, including pre-treatment hemoglobin level and pre- and post-treatment [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography CT (F-18 FDG-PET/CT) maximum standardized up-take values (SUVmax) of primary sites and lymph node (LN) regions.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of 70 patients treated with definitive CCRT for pharyngeal cancer in our institution during July 2006-April 2012, with particular regard to 16 prognostic factors: age, sex, T stage, N stage, retropharyngeal LN (RPLN) involvement, existence of multiple primary cancer, treatment interruptions, overall treatment time, chemotherapy type, pre-treatment hemoglobin level, pre-treatment body mass index, enteral feeding period, and pre- and post-treatment F-18 FDG-PET/CT SUVmax of primary site and LN region. All patients in our cohort underwent pre- and post-treatment F-18 FDG-PET/CT.