Effects of Tooth Desensitizers on Biofilm Formation Using a Modified Robbins Device Flow Cell System.

This study aimed to assess the antibiofilm effects of dentin desensitizers using a modified Robbins device flow cell system. The test desensitizers were Saforide, Caredyne Shield, and Clinpro White Varnish. Standardized dentin specimens were prepared from human single-rooted premolars, treated with one of the materials, and mounted on the modified Robbins device flow cell system.

In Vitro Inhibitory Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride Combined with Potassium Iodide against Mixed-Species Biofilm Formation on Human Root Dentin.

Applying a saturated potassium iodide (KI) solution immediately after silver diamine fluoride (SDF) application may affect the inhibitory effects of SDF on biofilm formation. This study compared the efficacy of 38% SDF with and without KI on preventing mixed-species biofilm formation on human root dentin surfaces and assessed ion incorporation into root dentin. The biofilms, composed of , , and , were grown on specimen surfaces treated with either SDF or SDF + KI.

Antibiofilm Properties and Demineralization Suppression in Early Enamel Lesions Using Dental Coating Materials.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dental coating materials on biofilm formation. The test materials were PRG Barrier Coat (PRG), BioCoat Ca (BioC), and FluorDental Jelly (FluorJ). Bovine enamel specimens were demineralized to mimic early enamel lesions.

Preparing of Point-of-Care Reagents for Risk Assessment in the Elderly at Home by a Home-Visit Nurse and Verification of Their Analytical Accuracy.

With the rising number of older adults residing at home, there is a growing need for risk assessment and patient management in home nursing. This study aims to develop point-of-care test (POCT) reagents that can aid in risk assessment and home care, especially in settings with limited resources. Our focus was on creating a C-reactive protein (CRP) POCT, which can accurately diagnose clinically significant judgment values in home nursing.

In Vivo Assessment of the Calcium Salt-Forming Ability of a New Calcium Silicate-Based Intracanal Medicament: Bio-C Temp.

Calcium salt precipitation induced by intracanal medicaments contributes to the formation of apical hard tissue during apexification. This study compared the calcium salt-forming ability of a new calcium silicate-based intracanal medicament (Bio-C Temp) with that of two commercial calcium hydroxide pastes (Calcipex Plane II and Vitapex) in a rat subcutaneous implantation model. Polytetrafluoroethylene tubes containing each of the three materials were subcutaneously implanted in 4-week-old male Wistar rats.

Degradation of EGFR on lung epithelial cells by neutrophil elastase contributes to the aggravation of pneumococcal pneumonia.

Pneumococcus is the main cause of bacterial pneumonia. Pneumococcal infection has been shown to cause elastase, an intracellular host defense factor, to leak from neutrophils. However, when neutrophil elastase (NE) leaks extracellularly, it can degrade host cell surface proteins such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and potentially disrupt the alveolar epithelial barrier.

In Vivo Assessment of the Apatite-Forming Ability of New-Generation Hydraulic Calcium Silicate Cements Using a Rat Subcutaneous Implantation Model.

Hydroxyapatite formation on endodontic hydraulic calcium silicate cements (HCSCs) plays a significant role in sealing the root canal system and elevating the hard-tissue inductivity of the materials. This study evaluated the in vivo apatite-forming ability of 13 new-generation HCSCs using an original HCSC (white ProRoot MTA: PR) as a positive control. The HCSCs were loaded into polytetrafluoroethylene tubes and implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of 4-week-old male Wistar rats.

Analysis of Genetic Relatedness between Gastric and Oral in Patients with Early Gastric Cancer Using Multilocus Sequence Typing.

The oral cavity is the second most colonized site of after the stomach. This study aimed to compare the genetic relatedness between gastric and oral in Japanese patients with early gastric cancer through multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis using eight housekeeping genes. Gastric biopsy specimens and oral samples were collected from 21 patients with a fecal antigen test positive for .

Prostaglandin E-Transporting Pathway and Its Roles via EP2/EP4 in Cultured Human Dental Pulp.

Introduction: Prostaglandin E (PGE) exerts biological actions through its transport pathway involving intracellular synthesis, extracellular transport, and receptor binding. This study aimed to determine the localization of the components of the PGE-transporting pathway in human dental pulp and explore the relevance of PGE receptors (EP2/EP4) to angiogenesis and dentinogenesis.

Methods: Protein localization of microsomal PGE (mPGES)synthase, PGE transporters (multidrug resistance-associated protein-4 [MRP4] and prostaglandin transporter [PGT]), and EP2/EP4 was analyzed using double immunofluorescence staining.

SVCT2-GLUT1-mediated ascorbic acid transport pathway in rat dental pulp and its effects during wound healing.

Ascorbic acid (AA; vitamin C) plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis and secretion of collagen to produce the organic matrix of hard tissues. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanism by which AA induces reparative dentinogenesis is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the pathway and function of AA during wound healing in a rat pulpotomy model.

Evidence on the Use of Mouthwash for the Control of Supragingival Biofilm and Its Potential Adverse Effects.

Antimicrobial mouthwash improves supragingival biofilm control when used in conjunction with mechanical removal as part of an oral hygiene routine. Mouthwash is intended to suppress bacterial adhesion during biofilm formation processes and is not aimed at mature biofilms. The most common evidence-based effects of mouthwash on the subgingival biofilm include the inhibition of biofilm accumulation and its anti-gingivitis property, followed by its cariostatic activities.

Efficacy of Combining an Extraoral High-Volume Evacuator with Preprocedural Mouth Rinsing in Reducing Aerosol Contamination Produced by Ultrasonic Scaling.

The coronavirus disease pandemic has afforded dental professionals an opportunity to reconsider infection control during treatment. We investigated the efficacy of combining extraoral high-volume evacuators (eHVEs) with preprocedural mouth rinsing in reducing aerosol contamination by ultrasonic scalers. A double-masked, two-group, crossover randomized clinical trial was conducted over eight weeks.

Periodontal Pathogens Inhabit Root Caries Lesions Extending beyond the Gingival Margin: A Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis.

We performed a comprehensive microbiome analysis of root caries lesions using 22 teeth extracted from patients with severe periodontitis. The carious lesions were mechanically collected and cryo-pulverized following tooth extraction. Differences in the microbiome were compared between independent lesions at the supragingival site (SG) and lesions extending beyond the gingival margin (GCB).

Effect of a resin-modified calcium silicate cement on inflammatory cell infiltration and reparative dentin formation after pulpotomy in rat molars.

Resin monomers and polymerisation initiators have been shown to be cytotoxic for pulp cells and to disturb odontoblast differentiation. This study aimed to compare the effect of a resin-modified calcium silicate cement (TheraCal LC; TC) and a resin-free calcium silicate cement (ProRoot MTA; PR) on pulpal healing after pulpotomy. Pulpotomy was performed on the maxillary first molars of 8-week-old rats using either PR or TC.

A Repeated State of Acidification Enhances the Anticariogenic Biofilm Activity of Glass Ionomer Cement Containing Fluoro-Zinc-Silicate Fillers.

This study aimed to evaluate the anticariogenic biofilm activity of a novel zinc-containing glass ionomer cement, Caredyne Restore (CR), using a flow-cell system that reproduces Stephan responses. biofilms were cultured on either CR or hydroxyapatite (HA) discs mounted on a modified Robbins device. The media were allowed to flow at a speed of 2 mL/min for 24 h while exposed to an acidic buffer twice for 30 min to mimic dietary uptake.

Comparison of calcium and hydroxyl ion release ability and in vivo apatite-forming ability of three bioceramic-containing root canal sealers.

Objective: Bioceramic-containing root canal sealers promote periapical healing via Ca and OH release and apatite formation on the surface. This study aimed to compare Ca and OH release and in vivo apatite formation of three bioceramic-containing root canal sealers: EndoSequence BC sealer (Endo-BC), MTA Fillapex (MTA-F), and Nishika Canal Sealer BG (N-BG).

Materials And Methods: Polytetrafluoroethylene tubes filled with sealers were immersed in distilled water for 6 and 12 h and for 1, 7, 14, and 28 days to measure Ca and OH release.

Current Prevalence of Oral among Japanese Adults Determined Using a Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay.

In Japan, gastric infection prevalence has markedly decreased with socioeconomic development. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of oral in Japanese adults in 2020 by sex, age, sampling site, and medical history. Unstimulated saliva, supragingival biofilm, and tongue coating were obtained from 88 subjects-with no complaints of upper digestive symptoms-attending a dentist's office for dental check-up or disorders.

Effect of water aging on the anti-biofilm properties of glass ionomer cement containing fluoro-zinc-silicate fillers.

A previous study has reported that a novel fluoro-zinc-silicate glass ionomer cement (Caredyne Restore) showed superior anti-biofilm effects by interfering with bacterial adhesion. However, the active ions may degrade with time. This study aimed to assess the valid anti-biofilm effects of Caredyne Restore after being aged by water immersion for 3 weeks.

Sulfated vizantin causes detachment of biofilms composed mainly of the genus Streptococcus without affecting bacterial growth and viability.

Background: Sulfated vizantin, a recently developed immunostimulant, has also been found to exert antibiofilm properties. It acts not as a bactericide, but as a detachment-promoting agent by reducing the biofilm structural stability. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying this activity and its species specificity using two distinct ex vivo oral biofilm models derived from human saliva.

Treatment of severe pneumonia by hinokitiol in a murine antimicrobial-resistant pneumococcal pneumonia model.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is often isolated from patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Antibiotics are the primary line of treatment for pneumococcal pneumonia; however, rising antimicrobial resistance is becoming more prevalent. Hinokitiol, which is isolated from trees in the cypress family, has been demonstrated to exert antibacterial activity against S.

Adjunct use of mouth rinses with a sonic toothbrush accelerates the detachment of a Streptococcus mutans biofilm: an in vitro study.

Background: The aim of this in vitro study was to examine the possible enhancement of the biofilm peeling effect of a sonic toothbrush following the use of an antimicrobial mouth rinse.

Methods: The biofilm at a noncontact site in the interdental area was treated by sound wave convection with the test solution or by immersion in the solution. The biofilm peeling effect was evaluated by determining the bacterial counts and performing morphological observations.

Sulfated vizantin inhibits biofilm maturation by Streptococcus mutans.

Streptococcus mutans is the main pathogen of dental caries and adheres to the tooth surface via soluble and insoluble glucans produced by the bacterial glucosyltransferase enzyme. Thus, the S. mutans glucosyltransferase is an important virulence factor for this cariogenic bacterium.

Effects of a sub-minimum inhibitory concentration of chlorhexidine gluconate on the development of multi-species biofilms.

Following antimicrobial administrations in oral environments, bacteria become exposed to a sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC), which can induce single-species biofilms. This study explored the effects of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) at a sub-MIC on multi-species biofilms comprising , and . CHG at a sub-MIC was found to induce biofilm growth, although the bacterial growth was not significantly different from that in the control.

A Horizontal Sequential Cutting Method to Estimate the Effectiveness of Dentin Disinfection by Using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy.

Introduction: This study aimed to develop a technique to create sequential slices, allowing the fluorescent visualization of bacterial viability in all parts of an infected dentin.

Methods: Cylindrical dentin blocks were prepared from freshly extracted human teeth with a single-rooted canal. Each block was immersed in 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 17% EDTA for 5 minutes before being infected with Enterococcus faecalis.