Robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for treatment of a newly identified lesion revealed no viable cells in the previously treated area with microwave focal therapy.

Introduction: Histological outcome of the targeted focal therapy is in principle confirmed by targeted needle biopsy from the treated area in clinical trial. Herein, we report a rare case in which the MFT was followed by RARP.

Case Presentation: A 68-year-old man with PSA 9.

Does intensity-modulated radiation therapy by helical tomotherapy for prostate cancer increase the subsequent risk of bladder cancer? A propensity score-matched analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the risk of bladder cancer after intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) using helical tomotherapy for prostate cancer in comparison to the risk post-radical prostatectomy (RP) using propensity score-matched analysis and to assess the risk factors for bladder cancer.

Methods: This retrospective study included 2067 patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer treated at our institution between June 2007 and December 2016. Of these, 1547 patients were treated with IMRT and 520 underwent RP.

The Long-Term Effect of Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer on Testosterone Levels.

Purpose: Concern about a long-term effect of the delivery of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for prostate cancer on serum testosterone levels remains unelucidated. We evaluated how IMRT for localized prostate cancer affects serum testosterone levels during a follow-up period of up to 10 years.

Methods And Materials: We retrospectively evaluated data from 182 patients with localized prostate cancer who underwent definitive IMRT alone between 2007 and 2014.

Efficacy of a cultured conditioned medium of exfoliated deciduous dental pulp stem cells in erectile dysfunction patients.

Majority of current treatment strategies against erectile dysfunction (ED) has been consisted of only a supportive care to sustain enough erection during a sexual intercourse. In this study, we investigated whether the cultured conditioned medium of human exfoliated deciduous dental pulp stem cells (SHED-CM) had an ability to treat ED through fundamentally repairing the pathological damage of vascular endothelial cells of the corpus cavernosum. An open-label pilot study was performed from April 2016 to October 2020.

Mortality Comparison of Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Patients at a Single Japanese Center.

To investigate whether peritoneal dialysis (PD) is useful as a first modality in Japan, where hemodialysis (HD) is used in 97% of all patients on maintenance dialysis, we used intention-to-treat (ITT) and as-treated analyses to examine patient survival at our center, where HD and PD are used almost equally. In the ITT analysis, survival was significantly better in the PD group than in the HD group (p = 0.009).

Vildagliptin is Effective for Glycemic Control in Diabetic Patients Undergoing either Hemodialysis or Peritoneal Dialysis.

Introduction: Vildagliptin can be used in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and renal impairment. However, there have been few reports investigating the clinical effectiveness of vildagliptin in diabetic patients undergoing hemodialysis. No previous studies have evaluated the use of vildagliptin in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.

Safety and efficacy of docetaxel, estramustine phosphate and hydrocortisone in hormone-refractory prostate cancer patients.

Objective: To assess the combination of docetaxel (DTX), estramustine phosphate (EMP) and hydrocortisone for patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC).

Methods: A total of 63 patients with HRPC were treated with a chemotherapeutic regimen including DTX, EMP, and hydrocortisone. Clinical and pathological features were correlated to serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence and survival rates.

Effects of direct injection of dehydrated ethanol on PC3 human prostate cancer cells in nude mice: preliminary study.

Objectives: The effect of direct local injection of dehydrated ethanol on hormone-independent prostatic carcinoma cells (PC3 cells) implanted in nude mice was investigated.

Methods: PC3 tumors were implanted subcutaneously into 30 nude mice. Three weeks later, dehydrated ethanol was injected directly into the tumors.

[Survey on the current status of delivered informed consent for renal replacement therapy among patients with end-stage renal disease].

We conducted a survey on the adequacy of delivered informed consent (IC) among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) regarding the information provided on renal replacement therapies (RRT): Hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD), and renal transplantation (RTx). A self-assessment style of questionnaire entitled "Informed consent for the selection of dialysis therapy modality" was prepared for evaluation, and the adequacy of IC was scored by 5 grades ranging from "excellent" to "bad". The questionnaire was sent to all the JSDT registered facilities (n=3484), and 480 centers replied (13.

T-cell mediated induction of allogeneic endothelial cell chemokine expression.

Background: The goal of the current study was to test the ability of T cells to stimulate allogeneic endothelial cells to express chemokines, particularly the T-cell recruiting factors monokine induced by interferon-gamma (Mig) and inducible protein (IP)-10.

Methods: Lymph node cells from C57BL/6 (H-2b) recipients of C3H (H-2k) skin grafts or from naïve mice were added to monolayers of C3H-derived endothelial cell line 2F-2B. After 5 or 24 hr, the lymph node cells were removed, and RNA was prepared from the endothelial cells and tested by ribonuclease protection assay or Northern blot hybridization for endothelial cell expression of chemokines.

Caspase-8 gene therapy using the human telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter for malignant glioma cells.

Telomerase is a distinctive candidate for targeted gene therapy of malignant gliomas, because the vast majority of malignant gliomas express telomerase activity while normal brain tissues do not. Recently, we developed a telomerase-specific expression system of caspase-8 gene using the promoter of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene. However, the transcriptional activity of hTERT-181 promoter (a 181-base pair [bp] region upstream of the transcription start site) was relatively lower in malignant glioma cells than in other tumors such as prostate cancer cells.