Risk factors for cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction in a Japanese rural community.

A ten-year follow-up study of stroke among residents 40 years and older in a rural community located on Shikoku Island, Japan, was completed in 1977. The response rate for the initial examinations was 85% of 920 males and 90% of 1,012 females. Seven hundred and seventy-two males and 901 females who were initially free of stroke were followed from July 1967 through June 1977.

Compositional changes of glycosaminoglycans of the human menisci with age and degenerative joint disease.

The compositional profiles of meniscal glycosaminoglycans (GAG) at different ages and in the presence of osteoarthritis were determined. The major components of meniscal GAG were chondroitin sulphates and dermatan sulphate. Other major elements were keratan sulphate and hyaluronic acid.

Heel deformity in hereditary spastic paraplegia.

The association of pes cavus deformity and neurological disorder is well known. Varus deformity of the heel is often associated with, and may even precede the development of pes cavus. Clinical and radiographic examinations of the feet of members of three kindreds of hereditary spastic paraplegia, a rare neurologic disorder, suggested that the autosomal dominant form manifests a significantly higher incidence and degree of heel varus deformity than the autosomal recessive form of the disease.

Incidence of stroke in Shibata, Japan: 1976-1978.

A stroke registry was established in Shibata City, Niigata Prefecture, Japan (population 75,000) in 1976. WHO recommendations for criteria were followed. This paper reports stroke incidence for the initial 3 years of the registry: 1976 through 1978.

Expression of Forssman antigen of avian lymphoblastoid cell lines transformed by Marek's disease virus or avian leukosis virus.

The expression of Forssman-type heterophile antigen on Marek's disease (MD) virus (MDV)-transformed cell lines, MDCC-MSBI 1, -HP1, -RP1 and -BP1, and avian leukosis virus (ALV)-transformed cell lines, LSCC-1104B1 and -1104X5 was investigated by membrane immunofluorescence and complement-dependent antibody cytotoxicity tests. Forssman antigen was detected on a high percentage of the cells in two ALV-transformed cell lines and on a smaller percentage of splenic lymphocytes from normal chicken. Of the MDV-transformed cell lines tested only the RP1 and BP1 cell lines, derived from transplantable MD tumours, expressed Forssman antigen, while the MSB1 and HP1 cell lines, derived from MD lymphomas, did not.

Distribution of Forssman antigen in chickens.

The distribution of Forssman antigen in various tissues of chickens was studied by the indirect and direct immunofluorescence (IF) tests using rabbit immune serum against purified Forssman glycosphingolipid (GSL) [GalNAc (alpha, 1-3)GalNAc(beta, 1-3)Gal(alpha, 1-4)Gal(beta, 1-4)Glc-ceramide]. A general finding in all tissue sections was the presence of Forssman antigen in vascular endothelium and perivascular connective tissues. Erythrocytes gave a Forssman positive reaction, but the intensity of fluorescence was slight.

A case of facial diplegi following herpes zoster ophthalmicus.

A 71-year-old man developed a facial diplegia following right ophthalmic zoster. Neurological examination also revealed loss of reflexes in the lower limbs with increase of CSF protein. Unusual cases of the Ramsay Hunt syndrome and Guillain-Barré syndrome seen with herpes zoster were reviewed.

Partial Klüver-Bucy Syndrome following probably herpes simplex encephalitis.

An autopsy case of probable herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) showed the partial Klüver-Bucy syndrome from 1 to 7 months after the onset, which consists of strong oral tendencies, emotional changes and possible hypersexuality. Several cases of the syndrome in definite or probable HSE were reviewed in this paper. In these cases including our case, the partial or complete Klüver-Bucy syndrome has appeared from some interval (2 weeks--1 month) after the acute phase, so that the syndrome should be noticed in survived or prolonged cases of HSE, as significant clinical symptoms suggesting bilateral involvement of the temporal lobes and limbic areas.

Effects of ligamentous injury on ankle and subtalar joints: a kinematic study.

Using 10 normal fresh cadaveric legs, kinematic effects of ligamentous injuries around the ankle joint were studied while the ankle joint moved from maximum plantar flexion to maximum dorsiflexion in saggittal plane. A series of anteroposterior and lateral sequential roentgenograms was taken both in the normal and subsequently created injured condition, to evaluate instant center of rotation and horizontal rotation pattern in the hindfoot complex. Although the pattern of instant center of rotation of the ankle joint varied among normal condition, the majority fell in a prescribed area.

Zoster meningitis and radiculomeningitis after tick bite. Cytological findings in cerebrospinal fluid.

Cytological changes in 9 samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 5 patients with zoster meningitis and 12 samples from 5 patients with radiculomeningitis after tick bite were examined. 5 days after the onset of the skin eruption, the CSF cells in zoster meningitis consisted of many mononuclear blast forms--large lymphocytes and 'immature' plasma cells. 11-15 days after the onset of the skin rash, they were replaced by small lymphocytes, some 'mature' plasma cells and monohistiocytes.

Classification and treatment of ankle fractures.

Treatment of ankle fractures should restore normal ankle joint anatomy. The systematic approach in analysis based on understanding of the anatomy, the roentgenograms and the mechanism of injury allow one to determine the elements of the lesion. The Lauge-Hansen classification is most helpful because it takes into account the ligamentous damage that may have occurred, therefore, giving one a better appreciation of the extent of the injury.

Current concepts in synovial fluid analysis.

The systematic examination of synovial fluid confirms the noninflammatory nature of degenerative joint disease, is diagnostic of gout, pseudogout, and septic arthritis, and will usually allow the identification of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and Reiter's syndrome.