The clinical efficacy of garenoxacin for male non-gonococcal urethritis.

Sitafloxacin (STFX) is an alternative treatment against azithromycin-resistant Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), whereas STFX-resistant MG have appeared recently. Therefore, another antimicrobial regimen for non-chlamydial non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) is required. Garenoxacin (GRNX) is a fluoroquinolone against respiratory infections, not against urethritis in Japan, but its in-vitro antimicrobial activity against MG is known as similar to or higher than that of moxifloxacin.

Broad impact of extracellular DNA on biofilm formation by clinically isolated Methicillin-resistant and -sensitive strains of Staphylococcus aureus.

Staphylococcus aureus is a major causative agent for biofilm-associated infections. Inside biofilms, S. aureus cells are embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM) composed of polysaccharide-intercellular adhesins (PIA), proteins, and/or extracellular DNA (eDNA).

A Case of Bacteremia Urinary Tract Infection Caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in an 8-month-old Boy.

Bacteremic urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia rarely occurs in pediatric patients. We report a case of bacteremic UTI caused by S. maltophilia in an 8-month-old boy with a congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction on the left side.

[A CASE OF A CARCINOSARCOMA OF THE PROSTATE].

Carcinosarcoma of the prostate is a rare but aggressive tumor characterized by combination of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal cells. We encountered a case of carcinosarcoma of the prostate. A 78-year-old man with urinary retention was diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia on the basis of the ultrasonography and rectal examination findings, negative result of prostate biopsy.

Japanese nationwide surveillance in 2011 of antibacterial susceptibility patterns of clinical isolates from complicated urinary tract infection cases.

To investigate antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of various bacterial pathogens isolated from complicated urinary tract infection (UTI) cases, the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, the Japanese Association of Infectious Disease, and the Japanese Society of Clinical Microbiology conducted the second nationwide surveillance from January to September 2011. With the cooperation of 42 medical institutions throughout Japan, 1036 strains belonging to 8 clinically relevant bacterial species were collected. Among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain, the vancomycin (VCM) MIC for 5.

[Efficacy and safety of levofloxacin to non-gonorrheal urethritis].

We investigated the efficacy and safety of levofloxacin (LVFX) 500mg once a day in patients with non-gonorrheal urethritis. Men, aged 20 years or older, with urethritis symptoms, and detection of Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) or Mycoplasma genitalium (M.

Nationwide surveillance of bacterial respiratory pathogens conducted by the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases, and Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology in 2009: general view of the pathogens' antibacterial susceptibility.

For the purpose of nationwide surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial respiratory pathogens from patients in Japan, the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC) started a survey in 2006. From 2009, JSC continued the survey in collaboration with the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and the Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology. The fourth-year survey was conducted during the period from January and April 2009 by the three societies.

An HIV patient with hepatic flare after the initiation of HBV-active antiretroviral therapy.

A 39-year-old man presented a CD4 T cell count of 78/µL and HIV-RNA at 6.6 × 10(5) copies/mL at his first medical examination. After the 58th day, we initiated HBV-active antiretroviral therapy.

Comparison of free and anonymous testing for HIV and sexually transmitted infections between the University Hospital and Health Center.

We gathered data regarding age, sex, and positivity rates for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), syphilis, gonococcus, and chlamydia from individuals who underwent free and anonymous sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing conducted at the Jikei University School of Medicine Hospital (our hospital). These data were compared to results of subjects who underwent similar testing at the Minato Health Center and several private facilities of urologists and gynecologists belonging to the Minato Ward Medical Association. The positivity rate of chlamydia was found to be high in female subjects, particularly at the Minato Health Center, with 15 of 194 subjects (7.

Examination of the correlation between the manual and automated serological testing methods for syphilis.

We evaluated the correlation between the conventional manual serological testing method for syphilis and a novel automated serological testing method and between six different reagents used in the automated method. Twenty-six serum samples, which were positive on non-treponemal manual serological testing, were obtained from 19 patients with early syphilis. The samples were manually analyzed using the non-treponemal serological test for syphilis kit and automatically analyzed using six different reagents approved by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare in Japan.

Interleukin-1 deficiency in combination with macrophage depletion increases susceptibility to Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia.

We evaluated the role of IL-1 during Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia by intravenously injecting P. aeruginosa strain D4 into IL-1-deficient and WT mice. The two strains showed equivalent mortality rates.

[Status and future of sexually transmitted diseases in Japan].

According to the results of the fixed-point survey, the incidence of both genital chlamydial infection and gonococcal infection has tended to decrease since 2003 in Japan. This trend has been more marked in young persons of both sexes. However, it has been suggested that the fixed-point survey has a problem with respect to the method of selecting designated medical institutions for notification.

Meningococcemia without meningitis in Japan.

We report a case of meningococcemia without meningitis, which is a rare infectious disease in Japan. A 32-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with fever and joint pain. Her clinical presentation and the results of laboratory examination on admission suggested viral infection.

Analysis of amino acid sequences of penicillin-binding protein 2 in clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with reduced susceptibility to cefixime and ceftriaxone.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains with reduced susceptibility to cefixime and ceftriaxone, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of cefixime of 0.125-0.25 microg/ml and ceftriaxone of 0.

[A case of acute bronchitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis associated with HIV infection].

We report the case of a patient with acute bronchitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis associated with HIV infection. A 36-year-old homosexual Japanese man being treated for HIV infection and reporting fever and a productive cough was found in laboratory findings to have elevated C-reactive protein but no leukocytosis. Chest radiography showed no infiltrates in either lung, but a sputum smear yielded large numbers of Gram-negative cocci, including some phagocytized by white blood cells.

Enhancement of antimicrobial activities of cefteram or clavulanic acid/amoxicillin against cefixime-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the presence of clarithromycin or azithromycin.

We investigated the enhancement of the antimicrobial activities of beta-lactams against cefixime (CFIX)-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the presence of macrolides. Ten strains of CFIX-resistant N. gonorrhoeae, isolated between 2000 and 2003 from male patients with urethritis at Jikei University Affiliated Hospital and its related clinics in the Tokyo metropolitan area, were tested.

[A case of leptospirosis caused by Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar sejroe infected in Bali Island, Indonesia].

We report a patient with leptospirosis caused by Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Sejroe infection on Bali Island, Indonesia. This 33-year-old Japanese man had stayed at a resort hotel on the island from July 8 to July 13 2004. At the hotel, he swam in the pool, walked barefoot, and lied down in the grass.

[Primary, nonviral, hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with prostate cancer treated by hormone therapy: 2 case reports].

We studied two cases of primary, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that occurred following hormone therapy (estrogen therapy in one case and total androgen blockade therapy in another) for stage D2 prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is considered to be hormone-dependent, and androgens appear to be important hormonal factors. However, hepatocellular carcinoma has been shown to have both estrogen and androgen receptors, suggesting that this may be dependent on estrogen or androgen.

VapB-positive Rhodococcus equi infection in an HIV-infected patient in Japan.

Rhodococcus equi, a bacterium present in soil, is a common cause of pneumonia in foals. This organism has been recognized as an opportunistic pathogen in humans, typically causing infection in immunocompromised hosts such as HIV-infected patients and organ transplant recipients. However, human infection with R.

[Questionnaire survey on the theory of antimicrobial prophylaxis in urologic surgery].

In order to establish an acceptable guideline for prevention of perioperative infection following urologic surgery, a questionnaire survey on the theory of antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP) was conducted among urologists in Japan in February 2004. A reply was obtained from 149 urologists working for institutes located all over Japan from Hokkaido to Kyushu areas. Ninety-two percent of the urologists agreed that AMP should be administered 30 min before an incision, and 44% replied that an additional dose of AMP is required in the case of prolonged intervention.

[Gnathostomiasis caused by Gnathostoma spinigerum etiologically diagnosed upon extraction of the worm from the skin].

We report a patient with gnathostomiasis in whom a specific diagnosis of Gnathostoma spinigerum infestation was made morphologically upon removal of the worm. A 47-Year-old Japanese male on a business trip to Vietnam ate fried frog with a Vietnamese friend in January 2002, the friend was diagnosed with gnathostomiasis in June 2002. The patient noted swelling of the right leg with migration to the right arm, prompting him to our hospital in February 2003.

[Evaluation of the simultaneous detection system for Chlamydia trachomatis/Neisseria gonorrhoeae DNA by the isothermal and chimeric primer-initiated amplification of nucleic acids (ICAN)].

The isothermal and chimeric primer-initiated amplification of nucleic acids (ICAN) is a new isothermal DNA amplification method composed of exo Bca DNA polymerase, RNaseH and DNA-RNA chimeric primers. We developed the simultaneous detection system for Chlamydia trachomatis/Neisseria gonorrhoeae DNA, combined with luminescence detection by a probe hybridization. In the performance tests, this system was able to detect 10 to 100 copies of C.

Questionnaire survey of Japanese urologists concerning the diagnosis and treatment of chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

Objectives: We performed a questionnaire survey to investigate various issues in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome by Japanese urologists and to clarify the circumstances surrounding prostatitis in Japan.

Methods: Japanese urologists (n = 1869) were surveyed by mail using a 17-item questionnaire to determine current diagnostic and treatment practices for prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

Results: Only 1.