Rapid Nitriding of Titanium Alloy with Fine Grains at Room Temperature.

Multifunctional surfaces are required to design safe engineering products for human lives. Heating in a nitrogen atmosphere (nitriding) improves the tribological properties but reduces the strength of titanium (Ti) alloys owing to grain coarsening. A rapid nitriding method for Ti alloys forms the nitrided layer on the surface of a Ti alloy by bombarding with commercially pure Ti fine particles with a nitrided phase at room temperature within a short period.

Effect of TiB Orientation on Near-Threshold Fatigue Crack Propagation in TiB-Reinforced Ti-3Al-2.5V Matrix Composites Treated with Heat Extrusion.

TiB-reinforced Ti-3Al-2.5V matrix composites, in which TiB whiskers are oriented parallel to the direction of heat extrusion, were fabricated via mechanical alloying and hot isostatic pressing (HIP). To investigate the near-threshold fatigue crack propagation in TiB-reinforced Ti-3Al-2.

Strengthening Mechanism of Titanium Boride Whisker-Reinforced Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Matrix Composites with the TiB Orientation Perpendicular to the Loading Direction.

We fabricated fully dense titanium boride (TiB) whisker-reinforced Ti-6Al-4V alloy matrix (Ti6Al4V-TiB) composites, with a homogeneous dispersion, a TiB orientation perpendicular to the loading direction (; two-dimensional random direction) and an intimate Ti/TiB interface without an intermediate interfacial layer in the Ti-6Al-4V alloy matrix, by spark plasma sintering. Microstructural analysis allows us to present the tensile properties of the Ti6Al4V-TiB composites with the theories for discontinuous fiber-reinforced composites. The Ti6Al4V-TiB 10 vol.

Definition of p53 overexpression and its association with the clinicopathological features in luminal/HER2-negative breast cancer.

Aims: A suitable cut-off value for p53 overexpression and its usefulness as a prognostic factor in luminal/HER2-negative breast cancer were evaluated.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1,987 patients with luminal/HER2-negative breast cancer who underwent surgery between 2001 and 2009 was performed.

Results: p53 expression ≥50% was present in 9% of the patients.

New evidence about thyroid cancer prevalence: prevalence of thyroid cancer in younger and middle-aged Japanese population.

We have made a cross-sectional investigation of men in the Japanese military for the presence of thyroid abnormalities and thyroid cancer to document the prevalence of thyroid disease in these persons. Six thousand, four hundred and twenty-two Japanese military men and women were screened for thyroid disease by history, physical examination and ultrasound examination. Among them, 6,182 were men 50 years of age, 47 were women 50 years of age, and 149 were men 40 years of age and 44 were women 40 years of age.

Mucocele-like tumor associated with ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosed as mucinous carcinoma by fine-needle aspiration cytology: report of a case.

Mucocele-like tumors (MLTs) of the breast are rare, with only 11 cases reported from Japan and 35 cases from other countries. MLTs of the breast were first described by Rosen in 1986. They are believed to be related to atypical ductal hyperplasia, ductal carcinoma, or mucinous carcinoma.

Mucinous carcinoma of the duodenum associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer: report of a case.

We herein report a rare case of primary mucinous carcinoma of the duodenum associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). A 50-year-old man known to have HNPCC based on the Amsterdam criteria I was admitted because of the presence of a duodenal tumor. Duodenoscopy revealed an ulcerated tumor in the posterior wall of the second portion of the duodenum and the malignancy was confirmed by a biopsy.

Complication of thyroidectomy in patients with radiation-induced thyroid neoplasms.

Hypothesis: The complication rate for thyroidectomy is the same in patients with and without a history of radiation exposure.

Design: Retrospective medical record review of 171 consecutive patients who had a previous history of radiation treatment and had undergone a thyroid operation from 1961 to 1999.

Setting: University of California, San Francisco, Medical Center and affiliated hospitals.

Latency period of thyroid neoplasia after radiation exposure.

Objective: To determine the temporal sequence for developing benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms after radiation.

Summary Background Data: Therapeutic radiation is associated with thyroid neoplasms in humans and animals. Some question whether thyroid cancers develop de novo or from benign thyroid neoplasms.

Parathyroid gland volume increases with postmaturational aging in the rat.

To examine the pathophysiology of the age-related rise in the plasma concentration of parathyroid hormone (PTH), we studied the relationships among plasma immunoreactive PTH (iPTH), parathyroid gland volume, parathyroid cell proliferation rate, renal function, and blood Ca(2+) in male Fischer 344 rats aged 6-28 mo. Plasma iPTH increased 2.5-fold between 6 and 28 mo and correlated with parathyroid gland volume (r = 0.