Effect of sprayable, highly adhesive hydrophobized gelatin microparticles on esophageal stenosis after endoscopic submucosal dissection: an experimental study in a swine model.

Background: Esophageal mucosal resection for superficial esophageal cancer can lead to postoperative esophageal stricture, with current preventive measures being insufficient. Sprayable wound dressings containing hydrophobized microparticles exhibit strong adhesion. This study aimed to investigate the preventive effects of hydrophobized microparticles on esophageal stenosis following endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Establishment of a swine model of delayed bleeding after endoscopic procedure.

Objectives: Although delayed bleeding after endoscopic procedures has become a problem, currently, there are no appropriate animal models to validate methods for preventing it. This study aimed to establish an animal model of delayed bleeding after endoscopic procedures of the gastrointestinal tract.

Methods: Activated coagulation time (ACT) was measured using blood samples drawn from a catheter inserted into the external jugular vein of swine ( = 7; age, 6 months; mean weight, 13.

Trends of Early -Uninfected Gastric Cancer in an Aging Regional Area.

: We aimed to determine the trends over time and current status of early -uninfected gastric cancer (HpUIGC) treatment in a region with an aging population. : This retrospective, multi-center observational study was conducted at seven major general hospitals in Kagoshima Prefecture. From January 2009 to July 2022, 2091 patients who received endoscopic resection (ER) for early gastric cancer (EGC) were retrospectively enrolled, of which 35 were identified as early HpUIGC cases.

Borohydride-mediated radical addition reactions of organic iodides to electron-deficient alkenes.

Cyanoborohydrides are efficient reagents in the reductive addition reactions of alkyl iodides and electron-deficient olefins. In contrast to using tin reagents, the reaction took place chemoselectively at the carbon-iodine bond but not at the carbon-bromine or carbon-chlorine bond. The reaction system was successfully applied to three-component reactions, including radical carbonylation.

Black-light-induced radical/ionic hydroxymethylation of alkyl iodides with atmospheric CO in the presence of tetrabutylammonium borohydride.

Tin-free radical/ionic hydroxymethylation of secondary and tertiary alkyl iodides proceeded efficiently in the presence of tetrabutylammonium borohydride as the hydrogen source under atmospheric pressure of CO in conjunction with photoirradiation using black light. Two possible mechanisms were proposed, both of which involve hybrid radical/ionic processes.

Tin-free Giese reaction and the related radical carbonylation using alkyl iodides and cyanoborohydrides.

Tin-free Giese reaction and the related radical carbonylation process proceeded efficiently in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride and tetrabutylammonium cyanoborohydride. The reaction took place chemoselectively at the carbon-iodine bond but not at the carbon-bromine and carbon-chlorine bonds. The iodine atom transfer followed by hydride reduction of the resulting carbon-iodine bond is proposed as a possible mechanism.