Trends in the age of hospitalized patients with urological cancers: A 17-year experience.

Objectives: To investigate the impact of global aging on the trends in the age of hospitalized patients with a urological cancer diagnosis.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated a cumulative total of 10 652 cases of referred patients (n = 6637) with a urological disease who were hospitalized in our institution between January 2005 and December 2021. We compared age and the proportion of patients aged ≥80 years among patients who were hospitalized in the urological ward between the period of 2005-2013 and that of 2014-2021.

Trends in the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and oncological outcomes for high-risk upper tract urothelial carcinoma: a multicentre retrospective study.

Objective: To evaluate temporal trends in neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) utilisation and outcomes in patients with locally advanced upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).

Patients And Methods: We included 289 patients from seven hospitals who underwent radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for locally advanced UTUC (≥cT3 or cN+) between 2000 and 2020. These patients received RNU alone or two to four courses of NAC with either a cisplatin- or carboplatin-based regimen.

Comparison of nivolumab plus ipilimumab with tyrosine kinase inhibitors as first-line therapies for metastatic renal-cell carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: This study compared real-world outcomes of metastatic renal-cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors or nivolumab plus ipilimumab.

Methods: Using the International mRCC Database Consortium (IMDC), we retrospectively evaluated intermediate- and poor-risk mRCC patients who were treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab (Nivo-Ipi), tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) as the first-line therapy between August 2015 and January 2020. We compared oncological outcomes between the Nivo-Ipi group and TKIs group using multivariate logistic regression analysis with the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method.

Efficacy and safety of first-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A multicenter retrospective study.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy and safety of first-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab for patients treated with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 52 metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients who were treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab between August 2015 and January 2020. Data on patient characteristics, treatment parameters and adverse events were obtained.

Proton pump inhibitor as an independent factor of progression of abdominal aortic calcification in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Backgrounds: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can be associated with vascular calcification in patients undergoing dialysis through hypomagnesemia. However, only few studies have demonstrated the influence of PPIs on vascular calcification in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). This study aimed to investigate whether the use of PPIs accelerates vascular calcification in patients on HD.

The relationship between poor nutritional status and progression of aortic calcification in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Background: Although aortic calcification has a significant negative impact on prognosis in patients on hemodialysis (HD), risk factors for aortic calcification progression remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between malnutrition and aortic calcification progression in patients on HD.

Methods: Between April 2015 and October 2016, we treated 232 patients on HD.

Opacity of big toenail predicts poor prognosis in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis.

Background: The impact of nail abnormalities on prognosis in hemodialysis patients is unknown. This study investigated whether toenail opacity as a readout of nail abnormalities predicted prognosis in hemodialysis patients.

Methods: In this observational study, 494 eligible hemodialysis patients who received hemodialysis at Oyokyo Kidney Research Institute between September 2010 and December 2015 were included.

Risk-stratified surveillance and cost effectiveness of follow-up after radical cystectomy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Background: The recurrence risk stratification and the cost effectiveness of oncological surveillance after radical cystectomy are not clear. We aimed to develop a risk stratification and a surveillance protocol with improved cost effectiveness after radical cystectomy.

Results: Of 581 enrolled patients, 175 experienced disease recurrences.

Preoperative chronic kidney disease predicts poor oncological outcomes after radical cystectomy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of preoperative chronic kidney disease (CKD) on oncologic outcomes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients who underwent radical cystectomy.

Methods: A total of 581 patients who underwent radical cystectomy at four medical centers between January 1995 and February 2017 were examined retrospectively. We investigated oncologic outcomes, including progression-free, cancer-specific, and overall survival (PFS, CSS, and OS, respectively) stratified by preoperative CKD status (pre-CKD vs.

Presence of transient hydronephrosis immediately after surgery has a limited influence on renal function 1 year after ileal neobladder construction.

Background: Urinary tract obstruction and postoperative hydronephrosis are risk factor for renal function deterioration after orthotopic ileal neobladder construction. However, reports of relationship between transient hydronephrosis and renal function are limited. We assess the influence of postoperative transient hydronephrosis on renal function in patients with orthotopic ileal neobladder construction.

Platinum-based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Improves Oncological Outcomes in Patients with Locally Advanced Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) use for patients with locally advanced upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is debatable.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of platinum-based NAC for locally advanced UTUC.

Design, Settings, And Participants: Of 233 consecutive patients who underwent radical nephroureterectomy, 55 patients received NAC (NAC group) and 138 patients did not (Ctrl group).

Presurgical axitinib therapy increases fibrotic reactions within tumor thrombus in renal cell carcinoma with thrombus extending to the inferior vena cava.

Background: Clinical benefits of presurgical axitinib therapy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) extending into the inferior vena cava (IVC) remain unclear. We aimed to investigate surgical benefits and pathological antitumor effects of presurgical axitinib therapy for RCC with IVC thrombus.

Methods: Of 56 consecutive RCC patients with IVC thrombus between January 1994 and December 2016, 41 patients who underwent radical nephrectomy (RN) were categorized as upfront RN (Upfront group) or presurgical axitinib followed by RN (Presurgical group).

Contrast media enhancement reduction predicts tumor response to presurgical molecular-targeting therapy in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Background And Objective: A quantitative tumor response evaluation to molecular-targeting agents in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is debatable. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between radiologic tumor response and pathological response in patients with advanced RCC who underwent presurgical therapy.

Results: Of 34 patients, 31 underwent scheduled radical nephrectomy.

Detecting asymptomatic recurrence after radical cystectomy contributes to better prognosis in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

The prognostic benefit of oncological follow-up to detect asymptomatic recurrence after radical cystectomy (RC) remains unclear. We aimed to assess whether routine follow-up to detect asymptomatic recurrence after RC improves patient survival. We retrospectively analyzed 581 RC cases for muscle-invasive bladder cancer at four hospitals between May 1996 and February 2017.

[Management of High-Risk Prostate Cancer and Left Ectopic Ureter Inserting into Seminal Vesicle with Ipsilateral Hypoplastic Kidney of a Young Patient : A Case Report].

A 44-year-old male patient visited our hospital with a chief complaint of macroscopic hematuria. Prostate biopsies were performed due to prostate specific antigen (PSA) 11.6 ng/ml, and he was diagnosed with Gleason score 5＋4 prostate cancer.

Slow Gait Speed and Rapid Renal Function Decline Are Risk Factors for Postoperative Delirium after Urological Surgery.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with postoperative delirium in patients undergoing urological surgery.

Methods: We prospectively evaluated pre- and postoperative risk factors for postoperative delirium in consecutive 215 patients who received urological surgery between August 2013 and November 2014. Preoperative factors included patient demographics, comorbidities, and frailty assessment.

Renal Function Outcomes and Risk Factors for Stage 3B Chronic Kidney Disease after Urinary Diversion in Patients with Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer [corrected].

Objectives: To assess the effects of urinary diversion on renal function, we retrospectively investigated renal function over 5 years after urinary diversion using a propensity score matching strategy.

Methods: Between May 1996 and November 2013, 345 consecutive adult patients underwent radical cystectomy and urinary diversion in our hospital; one hundred and fifteen patients with more than a 5-year follow-up were enrolled. Propensity scores were calculated using logistic analysis, and the data used in the analyses included age, gender, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG-PS), clinical tumor stage, presence of cardiovascular disease; hypertension; and type 2 diabetes and preoperative eGFR at the initial visit.

Significance of preoperative butyrylcholinesterase as an independent predictor of biochemical recurrence-free survival in patients with prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy.

Background: Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an alpha-glycoprotein found in the nervous system and liver. Its serum level is reduced in many clinical conditions, such as liver damage, inflammation, injury, infection, malnutrition, and malignant disease. In this study, we analyzed the potential prognostic significance of preoperative BChE levels in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP).

Salvage Brachytherapy for Castration-Resistant and External Beam Radiotherapy-Resistant Local Recurrence 17 Years after Radical Prostatectomy.

A 47-year-old Japanese man was diagnosed with prostate cancer in February 1995 (Initial PSA 77.2 ng/mL, GS3 + 4, cT3N0M0). He underwent radical prostatectomy after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in June 1995.

Oncological outcomes of a single but extensive transurethral resection followed by appropriate intra-vesical instillation therapy for newly diagnosed non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Purpose: A second transurethral resection (TUR) has been recommended by guidelines for high-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, the impact of surgical quality and post-TUR intra-vesical instillation therapy on oncologic outcome still remains unclear for newly diagnosed NMIBC. We conducted a retrospective cohort study for the patients who underwent extensive TUR followed by appropriate intra-vesical therapy for newly diagnosed NMIBC to assess their oncological outcomes.