Publications by authors named "Shoba Dawson"

Introduction: There are many recognised benefits of public involvement, including more relevant research. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the existing health inequalities and disparities in access to care and treatment for under-served groups, necessitating meaningful and sustainable approaches to engaging them in health research. However, there is limited guidance to suggest what groundwork and processes are necessary for initiating such projects.

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Introduction: Social prescribing addresses non-medical issues (e.g., loneliness, financial worries, housing problems) affecting physical and/or mental health.

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Introduction: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women of all ethnic groups in the UK. The largest single ethnic groups in the UK are white, Indian, Pakistani, black African and black Caribbean. Previous studies have shown that women from ethnic minority groups are more likely to be diagnosed with more advanced disease at presentation compared with women from white backgrounds which is associated with poorer outcomes.

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Crisis communication might not reach non-native speakers or persons with low literacy levels, a low socio-economic status, and/or an auditory or visual impairments as easily as it would reach other citizens. The aim of this rapid review was to synthesize the evidence on strategies used to improve inclusive pandemic-related crisis communication in terms of form, channel, and outreach. After a comprehensive search and a rigorous screening and quality assessment exercise, twelve comparative studies were selected for inclusion in this review.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aims to assess the incidence and burden of acute lower respiratory tract diseases (aLRTD) in adults visiting primary care, focusing on cases potentially caused by RSV, SARS-CoV-2, and pneumococcus.
  • It involves a cohort of adults registered at six GP practices in Bristol, UK, where researchers will collect data from real-time medical records and patient interactions for detailed analysis.
  • Results will help understand clinical incidence rates, symptom severity, healthcare costs, quality of life impacts, and vaccine prevention opportunities related to aLRTD.
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Objectives: Community pharmacies are convenient healthcare settings which provide a wide range of services in addition to medicine supply. Continence care is an area where there is an opportunity for the implementation of new innovations to improve clinical and service outcomes. The objective was to systematically evaluate evidence for the effectiveness, safety, acceptability and key determinants of interventions for the promotion and implementation of continence care in the community pharmacy setting.

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Objective: To systematically summarise the current clinical evidence for de novo malignant upper urinary tract obstruction treatment with a focus on standards of reporting, patient outcomes and future research needs.

Methods: This review protocol was published via PROSPERO (CRD42022341588). OVID MEDLINE (R), EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials-CENTRAL were searched up to June 2022 in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses.

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Objectives: To undertake further psychometric testing of the Multimorbidity Treatment Burden Questionnaire (MTBQ) and examine whether reversing the scale reduced floor effects.

Design: Survey.

Setting: UK primary care.

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Public engagement in health research is vital for addressing health disparities and promoting inclusivity among minoritised communities who often face barriers to accessing healthcare. Minoritised communities are groups, which have been made minorities by a dominant culture, race, ethnic group and/or social class and may experience health inequalities as a result. By incorporating diverse perspectives and lived experiences of minoritised communities, this approach aims to achieve contextually relevant research outcomes that reduce health inequalities and improve overall well-being.

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Background: Prescription medication sharing refers to the lending or borrowing of prescription medications where the recipient is someone other than the person for whom the prescription is intended. Sharing prescription medication can cause significant harm. Adverse consequences include an increased risk of side effects, delayed health seeking, and severity of disease.

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Background: Pragmatic trials evaluating complex health interventions often compare them to usual care. This comparator should resemble care as provided in everyday practice. However, usual care can differ for the same condition, between patients and practitioners, across clinical sites and over time.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study reviewed UK cardiovascular disease randomized controlled trial protocols to assess how many use eligibility criteria that could unfairly exclude ethnic minority participants.
  • Of 70 trial protocols analyzed, a significant majority required written consent and often mandated English language proficiency, which could limit EM participation.
  • The findings suggest that existing protocols need to be revised to adopt more inclusive criteria, considering ethnicity and other identities to enhance diversity in clinical trials.*
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Background: Certain communities are underserved by research, resulting in lower inclusion rates, under researched health issues and a lack of attention to how different communities respond to health interventions. Minoritised ethnic groups are often underserved by research and services. They experience health inequalities and face significant barriers to accessing health services.

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Objectives: Priority setting partnerships (PSPs) attempt to shape the research agenda to address the needs of local populations of interest. We reviewed the PSPs for older adults, with a focus on exemplar health care systems: United Kingdom (UK; publicly funded), United States (private health insurance-based), South Korea (national health insurance-based), and Africa (out-of-pocket).

Design: Systematic review.

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  • - The study focuses on understanding treatment burden in younger adults (ages 18-65) with multiple long-term conditions (MLTC-M), as previous research has primarily examined older adults.
  • - Using a mixed-methods approach, the researchers plan to conduct qualitative interviews with about 40 participants and a survey of around 1000 patients in primary care settings in the UK to explore their experiences and validate a new treatment burden questionnaire (STBQ).
  • - The findings aim to improve primary care services, identifying individuals at high risk for treatment burden and ultimately enhancing health outcomes for younger adults with MLTC-M.
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Background: Perinatal anxiety (PNA), anxiety that occurs during pregnancy and/or up to 12 months postpartum, is estimated to affect up to 21% of women, and may impact negatively on mothers, children, and their families. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has called for further research around non-pharmacological interventions in primary care for PNA.

Aim: To summarise the available international evidence on non-pharmacological interventions for women with PNA in a primary care population.

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Advances in musculoskeletal (MSK) research have been successfully curated into widely endorsed evidence-based recommendations and guidelines. However, there continues to exist significant variations in care and quality of care, and the global health and socio-economic burdens associated with MSK conditions continues to increase. Limited accessibility, and applicability of guideline recommendations have been suggested as contributory factors to less than adequate guideline implementation.

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Breastfeeding is an integral part of early childhood interventions as it can prevent serious childhood and maternal illnesses. For breastfeeding support programmes to be effective, a better understanding of contextual factors that influence women's engagement and satisfaction with these programmes is needed. The aim of this synthesis is to suggest strategies to increase the level of satisfaction with support programmes and to better match the expectations and needs of women.

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Randomised trials, especially those intended to directly inform clinical practice and policy, should be designed to reflect all those who could benefit from the intervention under test should it prove effective. This does not always happen. The UK National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) INCLUDE project identified many groups in the UK that are under-served by trials, including ethnic minorities.

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Research that engages patients on the research team is often supported by grant funding from different organizations and, in some cases, principal investigators (who control the grant funding) provide patient partners with compensation (or payment) for their contributions. However, we have noted a gap in resources that identify and address barriers to compensating patient partners (no matter the size, degree or length of their engagement). In this paper, we present thoughts and experiences related to barriers to compensating patient partners with the goal of helping individuals identify and find solutions to these obstacles.

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Patients with nocturia are commonly referred to urology clinics, including many for whom a nonurological medical condition is responsible for their symptoms. The PLanning Appropriate Nocturia Evaluation and Treatment (PLANET) study was established to develop practical approaches to equip healthcare practitioners to deal with the diverse causes of nocturia, based on systematic reviews and expert consensus. Initial assessment and therapy need to consider the possibility of one or more medical conditions falling into the "SCREeN" areas of Sleep medicine (insomnia, periodic limb movements of sleep, parasomnias, and obstructive sleep apnoea), Cardiovascular (hypertension and congestive heart failure), Renal (chronic kidney disease), Endocrine (diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease, pregnancy/menopause, and diabetes insipidus), and Neurology.

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