Genome-wide analysis and prediction of chloroplast and mitochondrial RNA editing sites of AGC gene family in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) for abiotic stress tolerance.

Background: Cotton is one of the topmost fiber crops throughout the globe. During the last decade, abrupt changes in the climate resulted in drought, heat, and salinity. These stresses have seriously affected cotton production and significant losses all over the textile industry.

Mutational analysis of SARS-CoV-2 ORF6-KPNA2 binding interface and identification of potent small molecule inhibitors to recuse the host immune system.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) surfaced on 31 December, 2019, and was identified as the causative agent of the global COVID-19 pandemic, leading to a pneumonia-like disease. One of its accessory proteins, ORF6, has been found to play a critical role in immune evasion by interacting with KPNA2 to antagonize IFN signaling and production pathways, resulting in the inhibition of IRF3 and STAT1 nuclear translocation. Since various mutations have been observed in ORF6, therefore, a comparative binding, biophysical, and structural analysis was used to reveal how these mutations affect the virus's ability to evade the human immune system.

Genome-wide analysis of Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) gene family in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under salinity stress.

Chickpea is the second most widely grown legume in the world. Its cultivation is highly affected by saline soils. Salt stress damages its all growth stages from germination to maturity.

Application of Methyl Jasmonate to Papaya Fruit Stored at Lower Temperature Attenuates Chilling Injury and Enhances the Antioxidant System to Maintain Quality.

Papaya fruit has a limited shelf life due to its sensitivity to decay and chilling damage during cold storage. The application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is known to reduce the incidence of disease and chilling injury, and to maintain the overall quality of the papaya fruit when stored at low temperature. Consequently, the effects of postharvest MeJA (1 mM) immersion on papaya fruits during low-temperature storage (10 °C ± 2 °C) for 28 days were studied.

Genome-Wide Characterization and Sequence Polymorphism Analyses of Fibrillin () Revealed Its Role in Response to Drought Condition.

The fibrillin () gene family is widely distributed in all photosynthetic organisms. Members of this gene family are involved in plant growth and development and their response to various biotic and abiotic stress factors. In this study, 16 members of were identified in and characterized by using different bioinformatics tools.

Designing a multi-epitopes subunit vaccine against human herpes virus 6A based on molecular dynamics and immune stimulation.

Human Herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) is a prevalent virus associated with various clinical manifestations, including neurological disorders, autoimmune diseases, and promotes tumor cell growth. HHV-6A is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus with a genome of approximately 160-170 kb containing a hundred open-reading frames. An immunoinformatics approach was applied to predict high immunogenic and non-allergenic CTL, HTL, and B cell epitopes and design a multi-epitope subunit vaccine based on HHV-6A glycoprotein B (gB), glycoprotein H (gH), and glycoprotein Q (gQ).

Immunoinformatic based designing of potential immunogenic novel mRNA and peptide-based prophylactic vaccines against H5N1 and H7N9 avian influenza viruses.

Influenza viruses are the most common cause of serious respiratory illnesses worldwide and are responsible for a significant number of annual fatalities. Therefore, it is crucial to look for new immunogenic sites that might trigger an effective immune response. In the present study, bioinformatics tools were used to design mRNA and multiepitope-based vaccines against H5N1 and H7N9 subtypes of avian influenza viruses.

Genome-wide characterization and sequence polymorphism analyses of cysteine-rich poly comb-like protein in .

Cysteine-rich poly comb-like protein () is a member of cysteine-rich transcription factors that regulates plant growth and development. In the present work, we characterized twelve transcription factors encoding genes in soybean (). Phylogenetic analyses classified genes into six clades.

Screening of Induced Mutants Led to the Identification of Starch Biosynthetic Genes Associated with Improved Resistant Starch in Wheat.

Several health benefits are obtained from resistant starch, also known as healthy starch. Enhancing resistant starch with genetic modification has huge commercial importance. The variation of resistant starch content is narrow in wheat, in relation to which limited improvement has been attained.

Characterization of salt tolerant wheat genotypes by using morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular analysis.

Food security is facing a major threat from salinity and there is a need to develop salt tolerant crop varieties to ensure that the demand for food from the world's increasing population is met. Salinity mostly occurs in arid and semi-arid regions. It may cause many adverse physiological effects on plants, i.

Characterization of Histone H3 Gene Family Reveals That is Associated With Higher Seed Weight in .

The main function of histone protein is to provide support to the structure of chromosomes. It helps in binding a long thread of DNA into a more condensed shape to fit into the nucleus. From histone variants, histone H3 () plays a crucial role in plant growth and development.

TaGSNE, a WRKY transcription factor, overcomes the trade-off between grain size and grain number in common wheat and is associated with root development.

Wheat is one of the world's major staple food crops, and breeding for improvement of grain yield is a priority under the scenarios of climate change and population growth. WRKY transcription factors are multifaceted regulators in plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stimuli. In this study, we identify the WRKY gene TaGSNE (Grain Size and Number Enhancer) in common wheat, and find that it has relatively high expression in leaves and roots, and is induced by multiple abiotic stresses.

Cupric oxide nanoparticles incorporated poly(hydroxybutyrate) nanocomposite for potential biosensing application.

We report the synthesis of a novel electrochemical biosensor comprising of cupric oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) mediated poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) composite film with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder/template support using the solution casting method for the detection of a biomolecule i.e., ascorbic acid (AA).

Induction of Semi-Dwarf Trait to a Three Pistil Tall Mutant Through Breeding With Increased Grain Numbers in Wheat.

Multi-ovary wheat (three pistil) is a unique germplasm for the seed production of hybrid wheat. The purpose of the present study was to transfer the multi-ovary trait to semi-dwarf plants to increase the production of grains in wheat crops. Therefore, tall, semi-dwarf, and dwarf plants were crossed with plants with the three-pistil trait.

Mutation screening of multiple Pakistani MCPH families revealed novel and recurrent protein-truncating mutations of ASPM.

Autosomal primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a heterogenetic disorder that affects brain's cerebral cortex size and leads to a reduction in the cranial vault. Along with the hallmark feature of reduced head circumference, microcephalic patients also exhibit a variable degree of intellectual disability as well. Genetic studies have reported 28 MCPH genes, most of which produce microtubule-associated proteins and are involved in cell division.

Autozygosity mapping in consanguineous Pakistani families identifies nine non-overlapping novel linkage intervals for autosomal recessive non-syndromic mental retardation (AR-NSMR); shows genetic heterogeneity for AR-NSMR.

Psychological disturbance (PD) or cerebral dysfunction (CD) covers several clinical areas, and has defining features of mental retardation. Recently, we conducted a study to investigate heritable heterogeneity in Pakistani consanguineous couples with recessive autosomal intellectual abnormalities. A cohort of three consanguineous families with multiple birth defects, belonging two to district lower Dir and one to district Lodhra, were selected for molecular analysis.

Identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in and Development of KASP Marker Associated With Grain Weight in Wheat.

Manipulation of genes involved in starch synthesis could significantly affect wheat grain weight and yield. The starch-branching enzyme (SBE) catalyzes the formation of branch points by cleaving the α-1,4 linkage in polyglucans and reattaching the chain an α-1,6 linkage. Three types of SBE isoforms (SBEI, SBEII, and SBEIII) exist in higher plants, with the number of SBE isoforms being species-specific.

Characterization of Vascular plant One-Zinc finger (VOZ) in soybean (Glycine max and Glycine soja) and their expression analyses under drought condition.

Vascular plant one-zinc-finger (VOZ) transcription factors regulate plant growth and development under drought conditions. Six VOZ transcription factors encoding genes exist in soybean genome (both in Glycine max and Glycine soja). Herein, GmVOZs and GsVOZs were identified through in silico analysis and characterized with different bioinformatics tools and expression analysis.

Development and Exploitation of KASP Assays for Genes Underpinning Drought Tolerance Among Wheat Cultivars From Pakistan.

High-throughput genotyping for functional markers offers an excellent opportunity to effectively practice marker-assisted selection (MAS) while breeding cultivars. We developed kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) assays for genes conferring drought tolerance in common wheat ( L.).

Incredible Role of Osmotic Adjustment in Grain Yield Sustainability under Water Scarcity Conditions in Wheat ( L.).

Interrogations of local germplasm and landraces can offer a foundation and genetic basis for drought tolerance in wheat. Potential of drought tolerance in a panel of 30 wheat genotypes including varieties, local landraces, and wild crosses were explored under drought stress (DS) and well-watered (WW) conditions. Considerable variation for an osmotic adjustment (OA) and yield components, coupled with genotype and environment interaction was observed, which indicates the differential potential of wheat genotypes under both conditions.