Suramin is an activator of ryanodine receptors and competitively binds to the calmodulin-binding site. In addition, S100A1 and calmodulin compete for the same binding site on ryanodine receptors. We therefore studied the effects of suramin on protein phosphatase 5 (PP5) and S100-activated PP5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecently, we reported the accelerated gene transfection efficiency of laminin-derived AG73-peptide-labeled polyethylene glycol-modified liposomes (AG73-PEG liposomes) and cell penetrating TAT-peptide labeled PEG liposomes using PEG-modified liposomes, which trap echo-contrast gas, "Bubble liposomes" (BLs), and ultrasound (US) exposure. BLs and US exposure were reported to enhance the endosomal escape of AG73-PEG liposomes, thereby leading to increased gene expression. However, the mechanism behind the effect of BLs and US exposure on endosomes is not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe have previously reported that the transfection efficiency of laminin-derived AG73-peptide labeled polyethyleneglycol-modified liposomes (AG73-PEG liposomes) was enhanced by echo-contrast gas entrapping PEG liposomes (Bubble liposomes, BLs) and ultrasound (US) exposure by improving endosomal escape. However, it has not been well understood whether BLs and US exposure can enhance the transfection efficiency of other carriers except AG73-PEG liposomes. In this study, to evaluate whether BLs and US exposure can be generally applied to gene delivery carriers, we focused on folate as a model ligand and examined whether BLs and US exposure could enhance the transfection efficiency of folate-PEG liposomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe have previously developed laminin-derived AG73 peptide-labeled poly(ethylene glycol)-modified liposomes (AG73-PEG liposomes) for selective cancer gene therapy and reported that Bubble liposomes (BLs) and ultrasound (US) exposure could accelerate the endosomal escape of AG73-PEG liposomes, leading to the enhancement of transfection efficiency; however, it is still unclear whether BLs and US exposure can also enhance the transfection efficiency of other vectors. We therefore assessed the effect of BLs and US exposure on the gene transfection efficiency of trans-activating transcriptor (TAT) peptide modified PEG liposomes. Although TAT-PEG liposomes were efficiently internalized into cells, the efficacy of endosomal escape was insufficient.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF