Neural Radiance Fields for Novel View Synthesis in Monocular Gastroscopy.

Enabling the synthesis of arbitrarily novel viewpoint images within a patient's stomach from pre-captured monocular gastroscopic images is a promising topic in stomach diagnosis. Typical methods to achieve this objective integrate traditional 3D reconstruction techniques, including structure-from-motion (SfM) and Poisson surface reconstruction. These methods produce explicit 3D representations, such as point clouds and meshes, thereby enabling the rendering of the images from novel viewpoints.

Comparison of Colon Adenoma Detection Rate Using Transparent Cap-Assisted and Conventional Colonoscopy: Result from an International Trial in Asia.

Introduction: Controversy remains regarding transparent cap-assisted technique improves adenoma detection rate (ADR) in colonoscopy. We aimed to investigate the effect of transparent cap-assisted colonoscopy (CAC) on ADR and other colonoscopy performance.

Methods: We performed subanalysis of an international, multicenter, open-label database containing colonoscopy data from 11 centers in 4 Asian countries/regions on patients who underwent colonoscopy.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Endoscopic Treatment versus Medication Strategy for Proton Pump Inhibitor-Refractory Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

Introduction: Potassium-competitive acid blockers are effective against proton pump inhibitor-refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease; however, their long-term use is associated with economic disadvantages. Endoscopic procedures may reduce potassium-competitive acid blocker use. This study aimed to determine the optimal treatment strategy for patients with proton pump inhibitor-refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease from a cost-effectiveness perspective.

Impact of long-term trends on outcomes in the management of colonic diverticular bleeding: mediation analyses in a large multicenter study.

Background: Despite accumulating evidence and recommendations for management of colonic diverticular bleeding (CDB), the changes in its clinical management and outcomes remain unknown.

Methods: We performed a retrospective tendency analysis on a biennial basis, a propensity score-matched cohort study between the first and latter half groups, and mediation analyses to compare the diagnostic and treatment methods between January 2010 and December 2019 (CODE BLUE-J Study).

Results: A total of 6575 patients with CDB were included.

Development of Deep Learning-Based Virtual Lugol Chromoendoscopy for Superficial Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Lugol chromoendoscopy has been shown to increase the sensitivity of detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We aimed to develop a deep learning-based virtual lugol chromoendoscopy (V-LCE) method.

Methods: We developed still V-LCE images for superficial ESCC using a cycle-consistent generative adversarial network (CycleGAN).

Skin Sensitization Potency Prediction Based on Read-Across (RAx) Incorporating RhE-Based Testing Strategy (RTSv1)-Defined Approach: RTSv1-Based RAx.

In recent years, nonanimal approaches for skin sensitization have been developed in response to political, regulatory, and ethical demands. The reconstructed human epidermis (RhE)-based testing strategy (RTS)v1-defined approach (DA) is used to categorize skin sensitization potency. However, the RTSv1 DA alone cannot be used to predict potency based on EC3 values [the estimated concentration that produces a stimulation index of 3 in the local lymph node assay (LLNA)], and underpredictions have been reported.

Validation of British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines for acute lower GI bleeding from 8956 cases in Japan.

Background And Aims: We sought to validate the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) guidelines for acute lower GI bleeding (ALGIB).

Methods: We analyzed 8956 patients with ALGIB in the Colonic Diverticular Bleeding Leaders Update Evidence From Multicenter Japanese Study (CODE BLUE-J) study and categorized them into 4 groups based on the BSG guidelines. Outcomes included 30-day rebleeding, 30-day mortality, blood transfusion, therapeutic intervention, and severe bleeding.

TEX264-mediated selective autophagy directs DNA damage repair.

DNA is constantly subject to damage from endogenous and exogenous factors, leading to mutations and disease. While DNA is traditionally repaired in the nucleus, Lascaux et al. reveal a novel role for the lysosome in DNA repair, demonstrating that topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) cleavage complex (TOP1cc) DNA lesions are degraded via TEX264-mediated selective autophagy.

True Median Cleft With Sinus Tract in the Nasal Septum: A Case Report.

A true median cleft is an extremely rare congenital anomaly characterized by a midline vertical cleft and various deformities, also known as Tessier number 0 cleft. Here we report a case of a 5-year-old Asian boy with true median cleft associated with sinus tracts in the nasal septum, a phenomenon not previously reported in the literature. The tracts were identified as the cause of recurrent infections around the oral vestibule and upper lip.

Association of Early Tolvaptan Treatment and Length of In Hospital Stay in Elderly Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure.

Introduction: Long hospital stay is associated with high costs and poor quality of life in elderly patients with heart failure (HF). This study aimed to investigate the association of early administration of tolvaptan with length of hospital stay among elderly patients with HF.

Methods: The cohort included elderly patients (age ≥ 75 years) admitted to Shinonoi General Hospital between July 2016 and December 2018 with a primary diagnosis of acute decompensated HF treated with tolvaptan.

Borderline Range Determined Using Data From Validation Study of Alternative Methods for Skin Sensitization: ADRA, IL-8 Luc Assay, and EpiSensA.

Most predictive models that use alternatives to animal experiments divide judgements into two classes with a cutoff value for each model. However, if the results of alternative methods are close to the cutoff values, the true result may be ambiguous because of variability in the data. Therefore, the OECD GL497 uses a judgement method that establishes a borderline range (BR) around a cutoff value using a statistical method.

Practical utility of linked color imaging in colonoscopy: Updated literature review.

The remarkable recent developments in image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) have significantly contributed to the advancement of diagnostic techniques. Linked color imaging (LCI) is an IEE technique in which color differences are expanded by processing image data to enhance short-wavelength narrow-band light. This feature of LCI causes reddish areas to appear redder and whitish areas to appear whiter.

A Novel Predictive Score Model for Successful Weaning From Mechanical Circulatory Support in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock.

Background: Clinical evidence regarding predictors of successful weaning from mechanical circulatory support (MCS) is lacking. This study aimed to create a simple risk score to predict successful weaning from MCS in patients with cardiogenic shock.

Methods And Results: This retrospective single-center cohort study included 114 consecutive patients with cardiogenic shock treated with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or IMPELLA between January 2013 and June 2023.

Cost-effective endoscopic screening for gastric cancer in a cohort with low Helicobacter pylori prevalence.

Background And Aim: Periodic endoscopic screening for gastric cancer (GC) is widely performed in East Asia; however, the optimal screening strategy remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the most cost-effective endoscopic screening strategy for the detection and treatment of GC in a cohort with a low Helicobacter pylori prevalence.

Methods: The following data were retrospectively extracted from participants who received screening endoscopy between April 2019 and March 2023: age, H.

Endoscopist's Satisfaction with the Insertion Phase of Colonoscopy Is a Potential Quality Indicator for Colorectal Polyp Detection: A Propensity Score Matching Study.

Quality indicators during the insertion phase of colonoscopy require exploration. Unsatisfactory insertion experiences cause endoscopist psychophysiological fatigue and affect the quality of their inspection. This comparative study used propensity score matching (PSM) to determine whether endoscopist satisfaction during scope insertion was related to polyp detection rate (PDR).

A mathematical simulation model to determine the optimal endoscopic screening strategy for detection of H. pylori-naïve gastric neoplasms.

Background: The effectiveness of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) screening in cohorts with low Helicobacter pylori prevalence is unknown. This study aimed to develop an optimally efficient EGD screening strategy for detecting H. pylori-naïve gastric neoplasms (HpNGNs).